资源描述
Unit 1 Friendship
Ｉ． 单元教学目标
技能目标Goals
Talk about friends and friendship
Practise talking about agreement and disagreement
Practise giving advice and making decisions
Use Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
Learn to write an essay to express and support an opinion.
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式
Talk about friends and friendship
What do friends and friendship mean?
What should you do to be a good friend?
Why do people make friends with one another?
Why do you need friends?
What do you think a good friend should be like?
What else can be your friend besides a person?
How do you solve the problems in your daily communication with your friends?
How do you make good friends?
What are different ways of showing friendship?
How do you show friendship to visitors?
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Friends are very important to any person.
We can live without a brother, but not without a friend.
A good thing in life is the encouragement of a friend.
I think friendship is more important that anything else in my life.
Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that people can enjoy．
One of the best ways to keep friendship is to return it.
A life without a friend is a life without a sun.
Practise talking about agreement and disagreement
I think so. I don’t think so.
I agree. I don’t agree.
That’s correct. That’s exactly my opinion.
You’re quite right. I don’t think you are right.
I quite agree with you.
I’m afraid I don’t agree / disagree with you.
Of course not. I’m afraid not.
Do you agree with one’s opinion about friends and friendship? Why or why not?
What do you think of people from foreign countries? Give your reasons.
Choose some proverbs about friends and friendship you agree or disagree with and explain why?
Practise giving advice and making decisions
You’d better... I advise you to ...
I think / In my opinion, you should ...
If I were you, I’d / I wouldn’t ....
I think it might be a good idea to do ...
How/ What about...?
Why don’t you / Why not...?
As far as I can see, the best thing would be to ...
Wouldn’t it be better if...?
We have to make a choice ...
Give Anne some advice to help her with the problem making a friend with ...
Learn to write an advising letter as an editor to give your advice to a student ...
Decide what you would do to solve the problems on friends and friendship.
词汇
1. 四会词汇
add, point, upset, ignore, calm, loose, cheat, reason, list, share, feeling, Netherlands, German, series, outdoors, crazy nature purpose, dare,
thunder, entirely, power, according, accordingly, trust, indoors, suffer teenager, advice, questionnaire, quiz, situation, editor, communicate, habit
2. 认读词汇
survey, Amsterdam, Jewish, Nazi, Kitty, spellbind, gossip
3. 词组
add up, calm down, have got to, be concerned about, walk the dog, go through, hide away, set down, a series of, on purpose, in order to, face to face, according to, get along with, fall in love, join in
语法
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
Find out the difference between Direct Speech and Indirect Speech. Change the Direct Speech into Indirect Speech and Indirect into Direct.
1. Statements
“I’ll take care of you.” Chuck said.
Chuck said he would take care of him.
2. Questions
“Did you get e-mails from your friends?” she asked.
She asked if I had got e-mails from my friends.
重
点
句子
1. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
2. For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven on evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
3. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
4. Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or just can’t understand what you are going through?
5. Although I really try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them.
6. His mother said you will lose them all if you continue to treat them badly.
7. Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.
III. 教材分析和教材重组
1. 教材分析
本单元以Friend和Friendship为话题，旨在通过单元教学使同学通过争辩什么是好伴侣，什么是真正的友情，如何交友和保持友情等问题，使同学树立正确的交友观。并针对日常交友过程中经常遇到的实际问题，指导同学发表自己的见解和看法，通过进一步争辩供应有效的解决方案。并能就此以编辑的身份写出指导信，对相关谚语写出观点明确、论证有力的短文。
1.1 Warming Up以调查问卷的形式，通过对同学在日常交友过程中所遇到的五个问题，开放调查，使同学对是否擅长交友做出评价，激发同学对本单元的中心话题产生爱好；同时也使老师本单元的授课更具有针对性，从而有效地挂念同学树立正确的交友观。
1.2 Pre-Reading通过四个问题引导同学争辩交友的重要性以及自己心目中好伴侣的概念和标准，并使同学生疏到不仅人与人，人与物（如日记）也可以成为好伴侣。连续探究并树立正确交友观，并为阅读作好了预备。
1.3 Reading叙述其次次世界大战的纳粹统治时期，犹太人Anne一家过着滇沛流漓，与世隔绝的生活。Anne在孤独中只能以日记Kitty 为友，倾诉衷肠，伴其渡过两年的逃亡生涯。控诉了纳粹党的残暴统治给犹太人民带来了深重的灾难，并以日记的形式表达了以仆人公Anne为代表的全世界人民憎恨战斗渴望和平的共同心愿。同学学习了新的词汇、句型，提高了阅读水平。文中选用了仆人公的一篇日记，使同学进一步感受到了挚友的贵重，对仆人公内心世界的描写有了更深刻的理解。
1.4 Comprehension 设计了三种题型。其中前两个是考查同学对READING文章细节内容的理解，最终一题是开放性问题，同学可以在更深化理解仆人公内心世界的基础上各抒己见，使同学养成勤于思考勇于探究的良好的学习习惯，现时也培育了同学的想象力，进一步提高了阅读水平。
1.5 Learning About Language分词汇和语法两部分。其中，Word study是依据英文释意或在语境中把握和运用词汇。Grammar是关于直接引语和间接引语的用法训练，包括单句的练习和情景语法练习。
1.6 Using Language由Reading、Listening 和Writing三部分交互组合而成。指导同学在读和听的输入性学习之后，完成说和写的输出性应用练习。Speaking就伴侣的种类进行争辩，设计问卷后开放调查；Writing要求同学写一封指导信，就如何交友问题提出忠告和建议。此类任务型训练题，在听说读写综合提高的同时，培育了同学的创新意识和实践力量。
2. 教材重组
2.1 听力Using language中的 Listening与 Workbook中 LISTENING和LISTENING TASK三部分话题较为接近，其中Listening部分是关于为什么日记会成为Anne的好伴侣的一段话。要求同学填出所缺单词。在提高听力的同时，更加深了对Reading部分的理解。Talking部分是在听完有关交友缘由的对话后，以对所给两个问题争辩的方式，要求同学就对话内容发表自己的观点和看法，说出理由并得出结论。该部分在提高听说和交友水平的同时，也培育了同学的规律推理力量。此三部分都是在谈论伴侣和友情，以及如何解决伴侣之间所存在的问题，可以放在同一节课中处理。
2.2 口语Speaking 和 Workbook 中的 TALKING 和 SPEAKING TASK涉及到本单元的功能句，指导同学表明观点，发表意见并说明缘由，可以整合在一起上一堂口语课。
2.3精读可将 Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading 和Comprehension 三部分整合在一起上一节阅读课。
2.4 泛读Workbook中的 READING TASK介绍夏威夷人表达友情的方式，再加入课外阅读材料，更好地理解伴侣和友情的深刻含义，上一节泛读课。
2.5 语言学习包括Leaning about language和 Workbook中的 WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS以及STRUC URES。
2.6 语言运用Using language中Reading and Writing，指导同学学写一封就交友问题提出忠告的指导信，以及Workbook 中的WRITING TASK要求同学在理解与主题相关谚语的基础上，发表意见并说明缘由，写出短文。
IV. 分课时教案
Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
add, point, upset, ignore, calm, loose, cheat, reason, list, share, feeling, Netherlans, German, series, outdoors, crazy, nature, purpose, dare, thunder, entirely, power, according, accordingly, trust, indoors, suffer, add up, calm down, have got to, be concerned about, walk the dog, go through, hide away, set down, a series of, on purpose, in order to, face to face
b. 重点句子
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven on evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
2. Ability goals 力量目标
a. Enable Ss to talk about friends and friendship.
What should you do to be a good friend?
Why do you need friends?
What do you think a good friend should be like?
What else can be your friend besides a person?
b. Understand the text and answer the following questions.
How and why did Anne make her diary the only true friend?
Had Anne ever been spellbound by nature before? How about being in the hiding place? Why?
Why didn’t she go downstairs one evening until the window had to be shut?
What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family? Explain why.
How would you describe Anne’s feelings as she was looking out into the night sky?
What attitude on earth should the wide oppressed people take towards the powerful Nazis?
c. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer according the text and fill in the form about the passage and the diary.
d. Retell the passage using the first person.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable the Ss learn how to talk about friends and friendship.
What do friends and friendship mean?
What should you do to be a good friend?
Why do you need friends?
What do you think a good friend should be like?
What else can be your friend besides a person?
Teaching important points教学重点
a. Talk about friends and friendship.
What should you do to be a good friend?
Why do you need friends?
What do you think a good friend should be like?
b. Discuss the questions of comprehension.
Why did Anne make her diary the only true friend?
Teaching difficult points教学难点
a. Understand the real meaning of friends and friendship.
b. Discuss the questions.
What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family? Explain why.
How would you describe Anne’s feelings as she was looking out into the night sky?
c. Discuss what attitude on earth the wide oppressed people should take towards the powerful Nazis.
Teaching methods教学方法
a. Skimming and scanning.
b. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.
c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.
d. Discussion.
Teaching aids教具预备
A recorder, a computer and a projector.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step I Leading in
As this is the first class of a new term, teacher can lead the Ss to think of making new friends in the strange school.
T: Welcome to our school, everyone. You have a new school, new teachers and new classmates. Would you like to make new friends with each other?
S: Yes, of course.
T: Very good!
Step II Warming up
First, ask each student to make the survey by filling the form and choose the answers. Teacher shows the scoring sheet to them, add up their score and see how many points they can get all by themselves. Second, teacher shows the instruction. Get the Ss to judge which grade they belong to according to their points and decide if they are good friends or not by themselves secretly. Third, they’ve known how well they treat their friends and what they should do to be a good friend themselves.
T: Do you have any friends?
S: Yes, I do. I have made a lot of friends.
T: Are you good to your friends?
S: Yes, of course.
T: We always think we are kind to our friends. But in fact, we are not quite sure if we are considerate enough? Now let us make the following survey. First, please choose the answers all by yourselves.
The Ss are choosing the answers.
T: Are you finished?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK, I’ll show you the scoring sheet on the screen.
Please fill in the following form quickly. Add up your scores and see how many points you can get all by yourselves. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes, sir / madam.
Show the following form and the scoring sheet on the screen.
Situation
Choice
Score
Point
1
2
3
4
5
Total:
Scoring sheet for the survey
1A1 B3 C2 2A1 B2 C3 3A1 B2 C3
4A3 B2 C1 5A0 B6 C0
T: All right! I think most of you have got high points. Do you want to know which grade you belong to?
Ss: Certainly.
T: Now I’ll show the instruction on the screen. Please judge which grade you belong to according to your points and decide if you are good friends or not by yourselves secretly.
Show the Ss the instructions.
4~8 Grade I
You are always thinking about yourself. You should care more about your friends. If you continue to be self-centered and don’t consider others’ feelings, you won’t make more friends and keep friendship for long.
9~13 Grade II
You take things smoothly. You seldom hurt your friends with your benefit considered. You’d better add more affection to your friends. Friendship is about feelings and we must give as much as we take.
14~18 Grade III
Wow! How faithful and generous you are! Congratulations! You are always ready to help your friends. Whenever they have any difficulty, you’ll try your best to do what you can to help them without hesitation.
T: All right. I see you’ve known how well you treat your friends and what you should do to be a good friend. I hope all of us can be good friends with each other soon. Do you agree with me?
Ss: Yes, of course.
Step III Pre-reading
Get the Ss to discuss the questions on Page 2 with their partners. Then ask the Ss to report their work. Encourage the Ss to express their different opinions. Make it clear that not only can we make friends with human beings, but also with animals and even things that have no life.
T: Now please look at the slide show. And discuss these questions with your partners. Then I’ll ask some students to report your work. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes, sir/madam.
Show the following on the screen.
1. Why do you need friends? Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.
2. What do you think a good friend should be like? List what a good friend should do and share the list with your partners.
3. Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?
4. Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or why not?
After the Ss’ discussion, teacher says the following.
T: Now who’d like to answer the first question? Volunteer!
Sa: Let me try. I think friends are important to all of us.
Because we need to help with each other.
Sb: We also need someone to care and understand, to share sorrows and happiness.
Sc: Everyone needs a friend to be true to us whether near or far apart.
T: Quite right. Next question?
Sd: I think my good friend should have a lot in common and our thoughts are always near.
Se: I need my friends to give me courage to solve all kinds of problem.
Sf: I think my friends should support me whenever I need help.
Sg: I’d like my friends to communicate with me frequently.
Sh: In my opinion, my friends should have the same kind of sense of humor so that we can laugh together.
T: Terrific! I wish everyone to have some good friends whose friendship always be treasured in our hearts. Not only can we make friends with human beings, but also with animals and even things that have no life. How about the third question?
Si: Yes, because persons can understand and communicate with each other more easily and conveniently.
Sj: I think other things like pets, books, toys, balls, and instruments can also be our friends.
T: Wonderful! You have a very great imagination. Now who can answer the last question?
Sk: Yes, I think so. Because you can tell everything to it freely, it can accompany me all the time. It never needs me to pay back.
Sl: But I don’t think so. Because it’s unbelievable for a person to communicate with a diary. And your secrets will be easily and completely let out in case that it is read by others or your diary books are lost. If I had been Anne, I would have made friends with my parents.
T: Most of our friends are human beings, but sometimes we make friends with animals or even things like diary. You’ve done an excellent job.
Step IV Reading
Scanning
Get the Ss to comprehend the passage quickly and accurately and meanwhile help the Ss to form a good habit of readi
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