2021高考英语(课标通用)大二轮复习限时测试(3).docx

限时测试(3).专题特训(非谓语动词)1(2022届北京市第四十四中学高三第一学期期中测试)In the reading room，we found her _ at a desk，with her attention_ on a book.Asitting；fixing Bto sit；fixedCseating；fixing Dseated；fixed解析考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：在阅览室内，我们发觉她坐在一张桌子旁，集中精力看一本书。be seated 就坐sitting，fix ones attention on集中精力于。故选D项。答案D2(2022届湖南省澧县一中益阳市一中桃源县一中高三上学期三校联考)_ with the increasing unemployment，many people went on strike in most of the European countries.AFacing BBeing facedCFaced DHaving faced解析考查过去分词做状语。句意：面临越来越严峻的失业问题，欧洲国家很多人去罢工。sb be faced with sth某人面临，这里可以用过去分词做状语，假如没有横线后的with，就可以用facing，选C项。答案C3(2022届黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三上学期期中)He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone _Anoticing Bnoticed Cto notice Dbeing noticed解析考查with/without复合结构。其基本结构为：with/without宾语宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词，代词，形容词，副词，现在分词，或者过去分词，也可以是不定式。对宾语的状况进行补充说明。当做宾语补足语的动词与宾语构成被动关系的时候，使用过去分词的形式；当二者构成主动关系的时候，使用现在分词的形式。要特殊要留意with的复合结构经常与独立主格结构转换使用。本题中anyone与notice构成主动关系，故使用现在分词。故选A项。答案A4(2022届浙江省绍兴市第一中学高三上学期期中)Opposite the old town is the 5，500 meters Yulong Xueshan Mountain，its peak _ with snow.Ais covered BcoveredCcovering Dcovers解析考查独立主格结构。句意：在古城的对面是海拔5 500米高的御龙雪山，它的顶峰有雪掩盖着。由于句中没有连词，所以推断是独立主格结构，排解A、D选项，peak和动词cover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动，故选B项。答案B5(2022届江苏省无锡市第三高级中学高三期初质量检测)Misunderstandings _ from lack of social communication，unless _ with properly，may lead to serious problems.Aresulted；dealt Bresulting；dealtCresulted；dealing Dresulting；dealing解析考查非谓语动词。misunderstandings和result from是主谓关系，用现在分词作定语，相当于which result from.，排解A、C；unless后省略了misunderstandings，misunderstandings与deal with是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，相当于unless they are dealt with.，排解D。故选B项。答案B6(2022届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考)We all think that the plan you come up with _ the work is very practical.Acompleting BcompletedCto complete Dcomplete解析考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都认为你为完成这个工作想到的方案格外有用。to complete表目的，修饰plan。you come up with是定语从句，修饰先行词plan。故选C项。答案C7(2022届河南省南阳市高三五校联谊期中)_ with some research materials，he decided on three possible approaches in his experiment.APreparing BPrepared CHaving prepared DPrepare解析考查过去分词做状语。句意：预备好了争辩材料，他打算试验三个可能的方法。be prepared with预备好，所以这里用过去分词做状语，表示状态，选B项。答案B8(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)The newlydiscovered evidence led to the criminal _ to five years in prison.Ato be sentenced Bbeing sentencedCsentenced Dbe sentenced解析考查非谓语动词。句意：新发觉的证据使得罪犯被宣判坐5年的牢。lead to导致，to为介词，故后面接v.ing形式。故选B项。答案B9(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)_ to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is dangerous.ANot remindedBReminded not CNot having been reminded DHaving reminded not 解析考查非谓语动词。句意：被提示不要酒后驾驶，但一些司机仍旧碰运气，那是很危急的。题中的规律主语为some drivers，与remind之间的关系为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。remind sb to do的否定形式为remind sb not to do。故选B项。答案B10(2022届北京市朝阳区高三上学期期中考试)The policeman kept his eyes_ on the screen of the computer to identify the criminals footprints.Afixing Bfixed Cto fix Dbeing fixed解析考查过去分词做宾语补足语。句意：警察始终凝视着电脑屏幕，来识别罪犯的脚印。这里用的是“keep宾语宾语补足语”的结构，由于“凝视”是fix ones eyes on，所以eyes和fix是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，选B项。答案B11The lecture，_ at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. Astarting Bbeing startedCto start Dto be started解析依据last night可知start已经发生，故排解C、D(不定式常表将来)，B(being done)一般表进行，也排解。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态现在分词作定语。答案A12Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _ to achieve the final success. Abeing done BdoCto be done Dto do解析由于work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。谓语与非谓语动词 不定式的被动语态 作宾语 短语need to be done。答案C13Mark lives in a big pleasant room _ approximately 5 meters by 6 meters.Ameasures BmeasuringCto be measured Dhaving measured解析本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.测量；估量；也可以表示：距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为；本句中的measure表示的就是第2层含有距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为；动词measure与前面的名词room构成规律上的主动关系，故使用现在分词measuring approximately 5 meters by 6 meter来修饰前面的名词room。句义：Mark生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒适的房子里。故B正确。答案B14“You cant catch me！” Janet shouted，_ away.Arun Brunning Cto run Dran解析分词running与句中主语Janet为规律上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。本题大意，“你不能抓住我！”Janet喊着，逃跑了，故B正确。分词作状语的用法需要留意分词的规律主语与句子的主语全都。答案B15What made little Tony so unhappy and cry in his room?_ to go hiking with his brother.AHaving not been allowed BNot having allowedCHaving not allowed DNot having been allowed解析考查非谓语动词。本题考查动名词短语作主语，依据句意可知是“没有被允许”，故用被动语态。句意：什么使得小托尼不快活，在房间里哭呢？没有允许和他哥哥一起去徒步旅行。故D正确。答案D16_ how to work out the difficult physics problem，he asked the teacher for help .ANot to know BNot knowingCKnowing not DNot known解析句意：不知道怎么解决这个难的物理问题，他向老师求助。由于he和know是主动关系，用现在分词做状语，否定式是在现在分词前面加not，选B。答案B17With Fathers Day around the corner ，I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad.Abuy Bto buyCbuying Dto have bought解析句意：父亲节将要到来， 为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。题干中空格划在名词后， 但是空格后的部分不是对bank解释说明， 而是说明取钱的目的， 因此此题中非谓语动词做目的状语， 非谓语动词中不定式做状语用来表示目的， 因此选择B。答案B18Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years.Ahaving Bhad Chave Dto have解析句意：令人惊异的是，蝙蝠是长寿的动物，有些能活20年左右。had和have是谓语动词形式，题中没有连词，无法并存两个句子。to have表将来；having表伴随，因此，选A。答案A19_ many times, he still repeated the same mistake.AHaving been told BHaving toldCTelling DTold解析句意：他虽然被告知过很多次但照旧犯同样的错误。这里是非谓语动词做状语，having done在谓语动词之前发生表示主动。 having been done在谓语动词之前发生表示被动。选A。答案A20A ship loaded with expensive goods was reported _ into the sea with its oil _Ato sink；given out Bto have sunk；run outChaving sunk；used up Dto have sunk；run out of解析本题第一空是一个固定句式sth be reported to have done据说做了某事；使用不定式的完成式表示已经完成，已经发生的动作。其次空是with的复合结构，名词its oil与动词短语run out of构成被动关系，故使用run out of。Run out是没有被动语态。句意：据报道一艘装满昂贵货物的船由于汽油用完而沉没在大海里。故D正确。答案D.阅读理解 体裁：说明文话题：谎言时间：9分钟Most parents tell lies to their children as an approach to changing their behavior，suggests a study of families in the United States and China.The most frequent example was parents threatening to leave children alone in public unless they behaved.Persuasion ranges from mentioning the support of the tooth fairy to telling children they would go blind unless they ate particular vegetables.Another example was：“That was beautiful piano playing.”The study，published in the International Journal of Psychology，examined the use of “instrumental lying”and found that such tacticallydeployed falsehoods(策略性谎言)were used by a majority of parents in both the United States and Chinabased on interviews with about 200 families.The most commonly used liepopular with both US and Chinese familieswas parents pretending to a child that they were going to walk away and leave the child to his or her tantrum(耍性子)“This widespread lie may relate to the universality of the challenge parents face in trying to leave a place against their childs wishes.”say the researchers.Another lie that was common in both countries was the“false promise to buy a requested toy at some time in the future”There were“untrue statements related to misbehavior”，which included：“If you dont behave，I will call the police，”and：“If you dont quiet down and start behaving，the lady over there will be angry with you.”And there are also some more astonishing lies recorded.Under the category of“untrue statements related to leaving or staying”a parent was recorded as saying：“If you dont follow me，a kidnapper(绑架者) will come to kidnap you while Im gone.”There were also lies motivated by protecting a childs feelingslabeled as“untrue statements related to positive feelings.”This included the optimistic：“Your pet went to live on your uncles farm where he will have more space to run around.”A rather selfserving untruth was used for a quick getaway from a toy shop：“I did not bring money with me today.We can come back another day.”There was also a selection of lies relating to “fantasy characters”，also used to enforce good behavior，such as in the runup to Christmas.The study found no clear difference between the lies used by mothers and fathers，according to researchers，who were from psychology departments at the University of California San Diego in the US，Zhejiang Normal University，Jinhua in China and the University of Toronto，Canada.Although levels of such“instrumental lying” were high in both countries，they were highest in China.The study also found there was an acceptance of such lies among parents when they were used as a way of strengthening desirable social behavior.For example.the lie told to children that they would grow taller for every bite of broccoli(花椰菜) was seen as encouraging healthy eating habits.The study raises the longerterm issue of the impact on families of such lies.It suggests it could influence family relationships as children get older.The researchers，headed by Gail DHeymana，Anna SHsua，Genyue Fub and Kang Leeac，concluded that this raises “important moral questions for parents about when，if ever，parental lying is justified(证明正值)”【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了父母因某种缘由而对孩子所说的善意的谎言，文章同时介绍了谎言的类型。1The third paragraph is written to _Alist different kinds of lies parents often useBshow how effectively parents lies workCwarn children of telling lies to parentsDoffer advice on how to lie to children wisely解析细节理解题。依据第三段的The most commonly used liepopular with both US and Chinese familieswas.；Another lie that was common in both countries.And there are also some more astonishing lies recorded.可知，本段主要介绍了父母经常使用的谎言。答案A2The example of broccoli(Paragraph 4) is used to _Atell theres no difference between lies used by fathers and mothersBprove Chinese parents tell more lies than American parentsCshow some parents think“instrumental lying” is acceptableDexplain why “instrumental lying” is useful in helping kids behave解析推理推断题。依据第四段Although levels of such “instrumental lying” were high in both countries，.The study also found there was an acceptance of such lies among parents when they were used as a way of strengthening desirable social behavior.下文用花椰菜为例进行了论证，由此可知花椰菜的例子是来说明父母所使用的instrumental lying是可以接受的，因此本题答案为C。答案C3Which group does the lie “if you keep being rude，a policeman will come and put you into prison.”belong to?A“Untrue statements related to positive feelings.”B“Lies relating to fantasy characters”C“Untrue statements related to leaving or staying.”D“Untrue statements related to misbehavior.”解析细节理解题。依据文章第三段There were “untrue statements related to misbehavior”， which included: “If you dont behave, I will call the police”可知，父母使用警察来恐吓孩子的谎言属于untrue statements related to misbehavior，因此本题答案为D。答案D4It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _Aparents lies will do children good instead of harmBparents should be cautious when they decide to lie to their kidsCthe relationship between parents and children is now worse than beforeDchildren from different family backgrounds have different attitudes toward lying解析推理推断题。依据最终一段It suggested it could influence family relationship as children get older.及其该段的最终一句可知，当父母打算使用谎言时，应谨慎。答案B5This article is mainly about _Athe phenomenon that American and Chinese parents lie to childrenBvarious arguments and opinions on parents lying to childrenCthe possible reasons why Chinese parents often lie to their childrenDthe conflicts between parents and children caused by lying解析主旨概括题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中美两国的父母因某种缘由而对孩子所说的善意的谎言的现象。答案A.信息匹配下面文章中有5处(第15题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。AUse Groups for HelpBFind the Right NetworkCHave More FriendsDUpgrade Your Status RegularlyEBe ResponsibleFBrighten up Your ProfileRecently，social networking sites are becoming increasingly popular.But it can sometimes be a frustrating experience for those who cannot manage them，for there seems to be too many things to do online and it is hard to draw attention from the friends.So.how to be a better networker？How to take advantage of these amazingly powerful sites？The following are some tips that you might find useful.1_There are various websites for you to choose from to get started.However，though they share many functions in common，these websites have different features.Some are aimed at providing users with publicity，while others serve mainly as a medium of communication.Would you like to draw the attention from others and therefore be famous？Or are you simply intending to keep track of your family and friends？Select the website that best suits your needs.2_This is a simple thing to do to keep your profile active.Generally，right at the top of your personal homepage there is a place where you can write somethingusually a comment about what youre doing or thinking.Update it once every few days，or even once a day，to keep your page interesting.By adding color to your own page，you can attract your friends and better stay in touch with them.3_This almost goes without saying，but adding multimedia makes your profile interesting and attractive.It would be upsetting for others to meet with too many words when they check your profile only for fun and relaxation.Therefore，provide them with pictures and videos that are more understandable and enjoyable.You can upload the photos taken during your trip，or you can produce your own video clips either for amusement or for some public purposes.4_By this we mean to classify your friends in an orderly way.As it is usually the case that you might have lots of friends online，you can sometimes be faced with too much stuff to read of.Therefore.this function is especially helpful for you when you only have limited time to check others statuses.In order to get the information you really want，you should try this means to filter(筛选) the content.5_The social network websites offer us a free platform，with which we can express ourselves and be wellinformed of the world around us.However，a safe and clean environment is necessary not only to provide better services but to enjoy a better one.Always stand on principles and say no to things that could ruin the virtual world.There are，indeed，dishonesty and other bad things online，but you dont have to be involved.Your friends will find you extremely reliable and trustworthy when you preserve the virtues you have in the real world.答案1.B2.D3.F4.A5.E.短文改错I just came back from Britain last week.I was luckily enough to be one of the students from different country to visit the UK from Feb.16 to 28.We paid a visit to a good many of places，like London，Oxford and the Lake District.I learn much about British culture and history in London，where was my favorite.I also liked Oxford，in which I saw much more old buildings.The L