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常用介词讲解及练习讲课讲稿.doc

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常用介词讲解及练习 精品文档 英语介词(Preposition)总复习 一、 概述 介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。 1、英语介词at,in与on表示时间时的用法 in; on; at用在时间词前,表“在” at表示时间的一点;in表示一个时期;on表示特殊日子。 如: He goes to school at seven o’clock in the morning. 他早晨七点上学。 Can you finish the work in two days. 你能在两天内完成这个工作吗? Linda was born on the second of May. 琳达五月二日出生。 1) at + 具体时刻 ,I go to school at 8 o’clock. at后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如:at five o’clock (五点),at down (黎明),at daybreak (天亮),at sunrise(日出),at noon (中午),at sunset (日落),at midnight (半夜)at the beginning of the month (月初), at that time (那时),at that moment 那会儿),at this time of day 在一天的这个时候 2) in + 年、月、季节及一天中的上午、下午、晚上。 in后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如: in 2006(2006年),in May,2004 (2004年五月),in the morning (早晨/上午),in the afternoon (下午),in the evening (晚上),in the night (夜晚),in the daytime (白天),in the 21st century (21世纪),in three days (weeks/month)三天(周/个月),in a week (一周),in spring (春季)。 3)on + 具体某天(具体某天的上、下午等;星期词等) on后常接某日,星期几,某日或某周日的朝夕,节日,及有修饰语修饰的下午、晚上等。如: on Sunday在周日,on a warm morning in April 在四月的一个温暖的上午,on a December night (12月的一个夜晚),on that afternoon (那天下午),on the following night (下一个晚上),on Christmas afternoon (圣诞节下午),on October 1,1949 (1949年10月1日),on New Year’s Day (新年),on New Year’s Eve (除夕),on the morning of the 15th (15日的早上)等。 小结练习 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning 3. ___ a rainy evening 4. ___3:50 5.__ 2002 6.___ the morning of April 10 7.___ spring 8.___ night 9.___ this time 10. ___ March 注意:at night= in the night at noon 在时间词(morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday…)前有last, next , this , that时,不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。 2. in , on , at 表地点的用法 at一般指小地方; in一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on往往表示“在某个物体的表面。 例如:eg. 1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday. 3)There is a big hole ____ the wall. 2)They arrived ___a small village before dark. 4)Dad put up a picture ____ the wall. 注意:1、at用于某些固定搭配: at once 立刻、马上 at last 最后 at the same time 同时 at first 开始时 not at all 一点也不 2、in用于某些固定搭配: in front of 在…前面 in the end 最后 in time 及时 3、on用于某些固定搭配: on duty 值日 on time 准时 三、其他常用介词的用法 to ①到,往,向: He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。 ②表示时间、数量 “到……为止” Please count from ten to thirty. 从....到.... ③向,对,给: Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。 under 在……下面 What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么? behind 在……之后: There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车 after ①在……之后: After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。 near 靠近,在……附近: My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 by ①在……旁: He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。 ②以……方式: I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。 about ①表示大约时间: It’s about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。 ②关于,对于: We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。 (by用于某些固定搭配: one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句) for ①为,给,替:My mother buy a skirt for me. like ①像……样: what’s your math teacher like? ②怎样: What's the weather like? 天气怎样。 of : ……的(用于所有格): He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。 with : ①和,写: I go to the park with my friends. 介词辨析 1. in the tree(外加在树上的事物) The bird is in the tree. on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等) There are many apples on the tree. 2. on: 在…(表面)上——接触 over: 在…的正上方 eg. There is a bridge _____ the river. 3) There is a book ______ the desk 3. in front of :在…前面/方(范围外)= before in / at the front of:在……前部(范围内) 1)There is a big tree in front of the classroom. 2) The board is in the front of the classroom. 3)A driver drives _________ of the bus. 介词的固定搭配 1)介词和名词的连用 2)动词和介词的连用 at arrive at/in 到达 at first 起初;开始 get off 下车 at last 最后 help sb. With sth. 帮组某人做某事 at school 在上课,在上学 ask for 请求 at the moment 此刻 get up 起床 at home 在家;无拘束 laugh at 嘲笑 at present 现在 learn from 向……学习 at work 上班,在工作 look after 照顾 at the same time 同时 look for 寻找 think for 想到 on worry about 担心 on duty 值日 listen to 听 on holiday 度假 look at 看;注视 on time 准时 talk about 交谈;谈 on the left/right 在左/右边 wait for 等候;等 on the radio 在广播中 thank for 为……而感谢 on foot 步行 3)形容词和介词连用 on sale 出售;降价出售 be good for 对……有利 on TV 在电视上播放 be afraid of 害怕 on the phone 在电话中 be careful with 小心;关心 on the way 在路上 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be good at 善于 in be proud of 感到自豪 in all 总体 be crazy about 酷爱 in class 在课堂上 be late for 干某事迟到 in English 用英语 in short 总之 4)其他 in a minute 立刻 by+交通工具 in a hurry 匆忙地 by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land… in the end 最后 at once 立刻;马上 in bed 躺在床上 lots of/a lot of 许多,大量 in danger 在危险中 at most 至多 in fact 事实上 at least 至少 in time 及时地 in order to 为了 1.用介词或副词填空   ①He is good ________ swimming.   ②Tom gets ________ at seven every morning.   ③ ________ Sunday morning, he played football with his friends.   ④What’s wrong ________ you?    There is something wrong ________ my back.   ⑤He often helps me ________ my English.   ⑥It’s time ________ breakfast.   ⑦Can you sing a song ________ English?   ⑧He looks ________ his father.   ⑨Please listen ________ me carefully.   ⑩It’s too cold. Don’t take ________ your coat.       11) He sits ________ Tom and Mary.   12) I work ________ Monday ________ Friday.   13) He is ill, so he is staying ________ bed.   14) Don’t be late ________ this meeting.     2.介词填空   ① Tony is ________ Canada.   ② What is the name ________ the factory?   ③ Betty is English. What ________ you?   ④ Who’s the woman ________ the black dress?   ⑤ Where do you come ________?   ⑥ She looks ________ her father.   ⑦ Do the students stay ________ home ________ Saturday?   ⑧ My mother cut the cake ________ a knife .   ⑨ The meeting ended ________ 6 p.m.   ⑩ We’ll play football ________ class.   11) Go ________ this road, turn left ________ the first crossing.   12) Can you tell me the way ________ the zoo?   13) —where are you from? —I am ________ Beijing.   14) Let’s count the numbers ________ one ________ fifty.   15) —Where shall we meet? —We’ll meet ________ home. 1,We went to the country_________ a very cold morning. A. at B. in C. on D. of 2,China lies_______ the east of Asia and_______ the north of Australia. A. to; to B. in; to C. to; in D. in; on 3, I didn't go to the park with my classmates, because my mother asked me to_______ my little sister at home. A. look after B. look at C. look for D. look like 4, If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me_____ phone. A. at B. by C. on D. through 5, Lyon wanted to be a soldier and his dream came true_______ November 25th,2008. A. in B. during C. on D. at 6,My father usually comes back from work_______ 6:30_______ the evening. A. in; on B. in; at C. on; in D. at; in 7, This kind of machine was widely used_________ the 1960s. A. in B. for C. at D. on 8,I've never seen such a scary film________ my life A. by B. at C. on D. in 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除
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