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专题特训(阅读理解——细节理解)
体裁：记叙文 话题：人生经受 时间：6分钟
Sometimes your biggest weakness can become your biggest strength.Take，for example，the story of one 10－year－ol
d boy who decided to study judo(柔道) despite the fact that he had lost his left arm in a devastating car accident.
The boy began lessons with an old Japanese judo master.The boy was doing well，so he couldn't understand why，after three months of training，the master had taught him only one move.
“Sensei，” the boy finally said，“shouldn't I be learning more moves？” “This is the only move you know，but this is the only move you'll ever need to know，” the sensei replied.
Not quite understanding，but believing in his teacher，the boy kept training.Several months later，the sensei took the boy to his first tournament(锦标赛，联赛)．Surprising himself，the boy easily won his first two matches.The third match proved to be more difficult，but after some time，his opponent became impatient and charged；the boy deftly(娴熟地) used his one move to win the match.Still amazed by his success，the boy was now in the finals.
This time，his opponent was bigger，stronger，and more experienced.For a while，the boy appeared to be defeated.Concerned that the boy might get hurt，the referee called a timeout.He was about to stop the match when the sensei intervened.“No，” the sensei insisted，“let him continue.” Soon after the match resumed，his opponent made a big mistake: he dropped his guard.Instantly，the boy had won the match and the tournament.He was the champion.
On the way home，the boy and sensei reviewed every move in each and every match.Then the boy gathered the courage to ask what was really on his mind.“Sensei，how did I win the tournament with only one move? ”“You won for two reasons，” the sensei answered.“First，you've almost mastered one of the most difficult throws in all of judo.Second，the only known defense for that move is for your opponent to grab your left arm.”The boy's biggest weakness had become his biggest strength.
【语篇导读】 本文通过一位柔道冠军的事例向我们叙述了有时候一个人的劣势可以变成优势这样一个道理。
1．What's the best title of the passage?
A．No pains no gains.
B．Weakness can become strength.
C．Where there is a will there is a way.
D．A great judo master.
解析 标题概括题。文章叙述了一位失去左臂的柔道运动员，利用自己没有左臂使对手无法抓住，从而一招制敌，将自己的劣势变成了优势。故文章的标题应是：Weakness can become strength。
答案 B
2．According to the second paragraph the boy was ______ with his teacher.
A．satisfied B．pleased C．unsatisfied D．careful
解析 推理推断题。其次段中提到那位男孩对老师只教他一招感到不解，要求老师教他更多的动作，可以推出他对老师的做法不满足。故选C。
答案 C
3．Why did the referee call a timeout in the finals?
A．Because he thought the boy would be the loser definitely.
B．Because he thought the boy would give up.
C．Because he dropped his guard.
D．Because he was experienced.
解析 细节理解题。依据第四段的前三句话可以了解到裁判认为那位男孩的对手更强大，更有阅历，那位男孩明显要失败了，并且可能会受伤，故叫了一个暂停。
答案 A
4．In the last paragraph the author wanted to tell us ______．
A．who was the champion
B．the reason why the boy won every match
C．the sensei was very excellent
D．the boy was very courageous
解析 细节理解题。通读最终一段不难发觉，最终一段主要叙述的是那位男孩每次都通过一招制胜的缘由。故选B。
答案 B
体裁：说明文 话题：科学争辩 时间：10分钟
A new Harvard study shows that immigrant(移民) boys and girls advance very differently in the outside world.
When it comes to schooling，the immigrant boys are no match for the immigrant girls.Last week，four years after she arrived from Honduras，Martha，20，graduated from Fairfax High School in Los Angeles.She managed good grades while working 36 hours a week at a Kentucky Fried Chicken.Her sister，Marlin，22，attends a local community college and will soon be a qualified nurse assistant.The brothers are a different story.Oscar，17，was dismissed two years ago from Fairfax for carrying a knife and later dropped out of a different school.The youngest，Jonathan，15，is now in a teen boot camp after running into trouble with the law.“The boys get sidetracked more，”says the kids' mother，Suyapa Landaverde.“The girls are more confident.”
Immigrant girls consistently outperform boys，according to the findings of a just－completed，five－year study of immigrant children—the largest of its kind，including Latino，Chinese and Haitian kids—by Marcelo and Carola Suarez－Orozco of the Harvard Graduate School of Education.Though that case holds for US－born kids as well，the reasons for the diversity among immigrants are different.The study found that immigrant girls are more skillful at adapting to brand new cultures than boys.“The girls are able to keep up some of the protective features of their native cultures” because they're kept closer to the family，says Marcelo Suarez－Orozco，“while they try to acquire skills in the new culture”by helping their parents manage it.
Consider the kids' experiences in school.The study found that boys face more peer pressure to adopt American youth culture—the dress，the slang，the dislike of education.They're punished more often and，as a result，develop more opposing relationships with teachers—and the wider society.They may also face more prejudices(偏见)．One teacher interviewed for the study said that the“cultural awareness training” she received as part of her continuing education included description of Latino boys as “aggressive” and of the girls as “pure sweetness.”
Gender(性别) shapes immigrant kids' experiences outside school as well.Often brought up in traditional cultures，the girls face greater household responsibilities.They also frequently act as“cultural__ambassadors，”translating for parents and going between them and the outside world，says Carola Suarez－Orozco.An unintended consequence：“The girls undertake more responsibilities than the boys do.”Take Christina Im，18，a junior at Fairfax who arrived from South Korea four years ago.She ranks ninth in a class of 400 students and still finds time to fix dinner for the family and work on Saturdays at her mother's clothing shop.Her brother？“He plays computer games，”says Im.
The Harvard study bears a warning note：If large numbers of immigrant boys continue to perform poorly in their studies，they risk sinking unavoidably into an economic underclass.Oscar Herrera.Martha's dropout brother，may be realizing that.“I'm thinking of returning to school，”he recently told his mother.He ought to look to his sisters for guidance.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国哈佛高校争辩表明移民男孩和女孩在外部世界表现格外不同。
5．In Paragraph 2，the writer supports his topic by _______________.
A．giving examples through comparisons
B．explaining causes of a problem
C．offering analyses based on figures
D．making descriptions of a phenomenon
解析 写作方法题。依据其次段中的移民女孩Martha，Marlin与移民男孩Oscar，Jonathan相对比，说明移民男孩不能与移民女孩相匹敌。
答案 A
6．From the Harvard study，we know that ________．
A．teachers are always strict with immigrant boys
B．immigrant boys tend to be aggressive by nature
C．immigrant girls have a strong sense of family responsibility
D．parents forbid their immigrant boys to keep in touch with society
解析 细节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的An unintended consequence: “The girls undertake more responsibilities than the boys do.”可知，一个意想不到的结果：女孩们比男孩们担当更多的责任。
答案 C
7．The immigrant girls are regarded as “cultural ambassadors”(Paragraph 5) because ________．
A．they have a great talent for translating
B．they encourage their parents to explore the outside world
C．they try to keep up the features of their traditional cultures
D．they help their parents have a better cross－cultural understanding
解析 细节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的．..translating for parents and going between them and the outside world，...可知，女孩们也经常充当作“文化大使”，为父母们翻译并且在他们和外部世界之间走去。
答案 D
8．What does the last paragraph imply?
A．School education has been ignored by immigrants.
B．More attention should be paid to the schooling of immigrant boys.
C．Immigrant boys and girls should receive a good education
D．Immigrant girls have to help immigrant boys with their studies.
解析 推理推断题。依据最终一段中的If large numbers of immigrant boys continue to perform poorly in their studies，they risk sinking unavoidably into an economic underclass.可知，应当更多地关注移民男孩的学业。
答案 B
9．The writer of the passage mainly focuses on ________．
A．people's attitudes towards immigrant children
B．the diverse performances of immigrant boys and girls
C．immigrant kids' experiences in and outside school
D．the different characters of immigrant boys and girls
解析 主旨大意题。依据文章首段中的．..immigrant boys and girls advance very differently in the outside world.可知，文章叙述了移民男孩和女孩不同的表现。
答案 B
体裁：记叙文 话题：人生经受 时间：10分钟
He was in the first third grade class I taught at Saint Mary's School in Morris，Minn.All 34 of my students were dear to me，but Mark Eklund was one in a million.Very neat in appearance，he had that happy－to－be－alive attitude that made even his occasional misconduct delightful.
Mark often talked constantly.I had to remind him again and again that talking without permission was not acceptable.What impressed me so much，though，was his sincere response every time I had to correct him for misbehaving.“Thank you for correcting me，Sister！”I didn't know what to make of it at first，but before long I became accustomed to hearing it many times a day.
One morning my patience was growing thin when Mark talked once too often，and then I made a new teacher's mistake.I looked at him and said，“If you say one more word，I am going to tape(用胶带封上) your mouth shut！”
It wasn't ten seconds later when Chuck，another student，blurted out，“Mark is talking again.”I hadn't asked any of the students to help me watch Mark，but since I had stated the punishment in front of the class，I had to act on it.
I remember the scene as if it had occurred this morning.I walked to my desk，very deliberately opened my drawer and took out a roll of masking tape.Without saying a word，I proceeded to Mark's desk，tore off two pieces of tape and made a big X with them over his mouth.I then returned to the front of the room.As I glanced at Mark to see how he was doing，he winked at me.When I walked back to Mark's desk and removed the tape，his first words were，“Thank you for correcting me，Sister.”
One Friday，I asked the students to list the names of the other students in the room on two sheets of paper，leaving a space between each name.Then I told them to think of the nicest thing they could say about each of their classmates and write it down.It took the remainder of the class period to finish the assignment，and as the students left the room，each one handed me the paper.
That Saturday，I wrote down the name of each student on a separate sheet of paper，and I listed what everyone else had said about that individual.On Monday I gave each student his or her list.Before long，the entire class was smiling.“Really？”I heard the whispers.“I never knew that meant anything to anyone！”“I didn't know others liked me so much！”Then Mark said，“Thank you for teaching me，Sister.”
No one ever mentioned those pieces of paper in class again.I never knew if they discussed them after class or with their parents.
Several years later，after I returned from vacation，my parents met me at the airport.Mother gave Dad a side－ways glance and simply said，“Dad？”My father cleared his throat as he usually did before saying something important.“The Eklunds called last night，”he began.“Really？”I said.“I haven't heard from them in years.I wonder how Mark is.”Dad responded quietly.“Mark was killed in the Vietnam War，”he said.“The funeral(葬礼) is tomorrow，and his parents would like it if you could attend.”
I had never seen a serviceman in a military coffin before.Mark looked so handsome，so mature.
After the funeral，Mark's mother and father found me.“We want to show you something，”his father said.“They found this on Mark when he was killed.We thought you might recognize it.”Opening a billfold，he carefully removed two worn pieces of notebook paper that had obviously been taped，folded and refolded many times.I knew without looking that the pieces of paper were the ones on which I had listed all the good things that Mark's classmates had said about him.“Thank you so much for doing that.”Mark's mother said.“As you can see，Mark behaved better and better at school.It's all because of you and your list.”
Mark's classmates started to gather around us.Charlie smiled rather sheepishly and said，“I still have my list.It's in the top drawer of my desk at home.”Chuck's wife said，“Chuck asked me to put this in our wedding album，”“I have mine too，”Marilyn said.“It's in my diary.”Then Vicki，another classmate，reached into her pocketbook，took out her wallet and showed her worn list to the group，“I carry this with me at all times，”Vicki said without batting an eyelash.“I think we all saved our lists.”
That's when I finally sat down and cried.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者工作过程中遇到了一位名叫马克的男孩总是上课说话，但却在被提示后说感谢。在多年后，马克当兵并牺牲。在葬礼上，作者知道一次课上任务列出了同学们的优点，而这个清单却对同学们有很大的影响。
10．The purpose of Paragraph 1 is to ________．
A．introduce the topic of the story
B．inform readers of the writer's job
C．introduce the main character of the story
D．make a comparison between the writer's students
解析 写作目的题。依据第一段中的Mark Eklund以及下文的内容可知，第一段的目的就是要介绍故事的仆人公。
答案 C
11．Which of the following aspects of Mark impressed the writer most?
A．His bravery shown in the Vietnam War.
B．His constant talking without permission.
C．His neat appearance and easy－going manner.
D．His sincere response after his bad behavior was corrected.
解析 细节理解题。依据其次段中的What impressed me so much，though，was his sincere response...可知，该题选D项。
答案 D
12．Mother's giving Dad a side－ways glance and father's clearing his throat show that ________．
A．they felt it hard to tell the writer about Mark's death
B．they were not sure whether the writer would attend Mark's funeral
C．they were afraid that the writer wouldn't believe the news of Mark's death
D．they felt it necessary to persuade the writer into comforting Mark's parents
解析 细节理解题。依据第九段中的My father cleared his throat as he usually did before saying something important.可知，A项正确。
答案 A
13．Which can be seen as the climax (the most important point) of the story?
A．Students' being asked to list each other's strongest point on the paper.
B．The writer's making a big X with two pieces of tape over Mark's mouth.
C．The writer's being shown the worn pieces of paper kept in Mark's wallet.
D．Students' smiling and whispering when they received the lists on Monday.
解析 细节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的Opening a billfold，he carefully removed two worn pieces of notebook paper that had obviously been taped，folded and refolded many times.以及最终一段的内容可知，故事的高潮就是作者被呈现保存在马克钱包里的破旧的纸。
答案 C
14．At the end of the story，the writer sat down and cried，realizing that ________．
A．Mark behaved so well that he gained the respect of his classmates
B．the lists made as a task in class should have meant so much to her students
C．Mark's death in the Vietnam War was a heavy blow to his family
D．Mark's classmates kept their lists as a sweet memory of their happy school life
解析 推理推断题。最终一段陈设出作者的同学们仍旧保留着多年前作者列出的其他同学所说的他们的优点，可推知这个清单对她的同学们意味着很多。
答案 B
15．What is the message conveyed in the story?
A．Attitude means everything.
B．Praise works wonders in a way.
C．Patience is necessary for a teacher.
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