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专题特训(阅读理解——推理推断)
体裁：说明文 话题：健康 时间：5分钟
Most of us have years of sitting experience，consider ourselves quite good at it.But unfortunately，the sitting can lead to poor circulation and all kinds of aches and pains.
We're not using much energy when we're sitting still.A person with a desk job may burn 300 calories a day at work，but that same person might burn 2，300 calories a day in a job that requires considerable physical effort.
Sitting at your desk for hours can increase your chances of getting diabetes，heart disease or even an early grave.Every hour of TV that people watch while sitting cuts about 22 minutes from their life span.
How can this happen? Not only does sitting decrease calorie burning，but it can prevent the production of lipoprotein lipase(脂肪蛋白酶)，which is essential for turning bad cholesterol(胆固醇)into good.Sitting can also make sugar not easy to change into useful energy.All these are thought to connect with heart disease and diabetes.
Is there any hope? A treadmill (跑步机)called active sitting can help people to adjust their gestures of sitting.There are simpler steps to take too—merely increasing the number of steps you take during the day.You can improve your glucose metabolism(葡萄糖代谢) with a two－minute walk every 20 minutes.Many people have done some of their best work while sitting at their desks.But many others have achieved remarkable success while standing up on the job，including Winston Churchill，Charles Dickens，Benjamin Franklin，Ernest Hemingway and Mark Twain.And then there was Einstein，Levine notes: “He was riding a bike when he came up with e＝mc2.”
【语篇导读】 久坐会导致循环不畅及各类苦痛，同时增加患心脏病和糖尿病的几率。争辩人员指出，人在坐着的时候消耗的能量较少，换句话说就是，久坐会长肉！
1．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Sitting does harm to our health.
B．Sitting can make sugar metabolize faster.
C．Sitting can make us more healthy.
D．Sitting benefits to our work.
解析 推理推断题。本文主要叙述了久坐对身体的危害。同时也提出了久坐对身体产生危害的缘由以及如何解决久坐产生的不利影响。故可以推出应选A。
答案 A
2．What's the main idea of the fourth paragraph?
A．The reason why sitting can lead to some diseases.
B．How to produce lipoprotein lipase.
C．What is insulin resistance.
D．Heart disease and diabetes.
解析 段落大意题。第四段主要介绍了久坐会降低卡路里的消耗，从而阻碍脂肪蛋白酶的生产。同时久坐会使糖不简洁转化为能量。这些都是导致心脏病和糖尿病的缘由。故选A。
答案 A
3．From the last paragraph we can know ______．
A．we must stand up when we are working
B．how to make use of a treadmill
C．how Einstein came up with e＝mc2
D．how to solve the side effect of sitting
解析 推理推断题。文章最终一段为我们提出了如何解决久坐对身体产生的危害：通过跑步机调整坐的方式；站着办公；骑车。
答案 D
体裁：谈论文 话题：健康生活 时间：5分钟
George Prochnik would like the world to_put_a_sock_in_it．He makes his case in a new book，Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself(using his indoor voice)：
“We've become so accustomed to noise，there's almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial.If you tell someone to be quiet，you sound like an old man.But it's never been more important to find continuing quiet.Silence focuses us，improves our health，and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”
“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little.During a Japanese tea ceremony，the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl，the edges of a kimono(和服) brushing against the floor.”
“Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)” in almost every aspect of life.If two deaf people are walking together，using sign language，they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other.They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings.Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them.If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵) of noise，we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps，of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声)．It's astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.
【语篇导读】 本文为谈论文。George Prochnik在书中表达了自己的观点——安静的世界对我们的健康等有诸多好处，没有噪音，我们将享受到四周这个丰富多彩的世界。
4．What does the phrase “to put a sock in it”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．to be quiet B．to be colorful
C．to be full of love D．to be attentive to someone
解析 推理推断题。概括全文可知，Prochnik在书中主见消退噪音，这对我们的健康有好处，可以使我们专注一些奇特的声音。由此可以推断出，他想拥有一个安静的世界。故答案为A项。
答案 A
5．What does Prochnik say about us?
A．We are used to quietness.
B．We have to put up with noise.
C．We do not think silence to be beneficial.
D．We do not believe lasting peace to be available.
解析 推理推断题。依据其次段开头可知，我们持有很大的偏见，反对“安静有益”的观点。由此可推断出，我们并没有生疏到安静的好处。故答案为C项。
答案 C
6．Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?
A．We need more sounds in our lives.
B．There is nothing to be learned from the deaf.
C．We are not aware how rich the world around us is.
D．There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony.
解析 推理推断题。依据最终一段可知，只有把巨大的噪音消退掉，我们才会留意到四周这个丰富多彩的世界。但是上文提到，我们目前习惯了噪音，因此我们目前没有留意到我们四周的世界多么丰富多彩。
答案 C
7．It can be inferred from the text that ______．
A．we can benefit a lot from old people
B．it is a good idea to use sign language
C．there is no escape from the world of sound
D．it is possible to find how beautiful things sound
解析 推理推断题。依据最终一段可知，只要消退噪音，我们就会留意到四周这个格外丰富多彩的世界，包括各种奇特的声音。由此可知，这个目标是可能实现的。
答案 D
【长难句解读】
原文 If two deaf people are walking together，using sign language，they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other.
译文 假如两个耳聋的人走在一起，使用体态语，他们会格外留意对方、相互关注、相互爱护。
分析 If引导条件状语从句，现在分词短语using sign language作伴随状语；在主句中，watch out for sb意为“留意某人；亲密关注某人”，介词短语by paying...在句中表示方式。
体裁：谈论文 话题：信任与怀疑 时间：7分钟
In our life，we face situations where we are either asked to choose between trust and disbelief.Many of us would say we have to choose trust over disbelief.Actually we are given intellectual(智力的) power to choose what we want，and what we choose certainly need not be the one that sounds pleasing.That is，we can choose both trust and disbelief，but we have to know when to choose between these two.
We should all realize that we are living in a world which is unfortunately mixed with people of various types.We have been given the power of judging who we are working with and who we are partnering with.We cannot give an excuse for believing a scheming(阴谋多端的) person，just because he looked or sounded nice，unless we consider ourselves mentally unskillful.
This world was there before us and it does not owe us a single thing.We are asked to take care of ourselves and our belongings.Trust，too，has to be saved for the deserving(值得的) people.When we give trust universally to all，we end up troubled by the undeserving common cheat.People say trust is life.True! But only wisely exercised trust is life.
When we start a conversation with someone，the first things that we usually notice would be their dress，behavior，style and their language.What sometimes we all forget to look at is the person's intention.Now how to look at a person's intention is a lesson everybody has to learn for themselves in their own way—there is no single standard for it.But it is certainly possible to discover the purpose if we seek a little bit more.
Certainly a false offer of friendship or guidance cannot stand undiscovered for long；we_are_therefore_called_to_exercise_disbelief_over_trust_at_least_momentarily_till_we_find_out_that_we_certainly_are_in_agreement_with_a_mutual(相互的)good－willed_person.
The world teaches you lots of lessons and if we are willing，we can learn all that we want.
【语篇导读】 一生中，我们很多时候要在“信任与怀疑”之间做出选择。人们被赐予了做选择的力量，有些时候，怀疑是信任的必由之路。
8．In the first paragraph，the author ______．
A．concentrates on the reason why we make different choices
B．focuses on how to choose between trust and disbelief
C．suggests that trust should be wisely exercised
D．implies that people are forced to make the choice
解析 推理推断题。依据文章第一段中Actually we are given intellectual (智力的) power to choose what we want，and what we choose certainly need not be the one that sounds pleasing.以及第三段中But only wisely exercised trust is life.可知C项正确。
答案 C
9．We can infer from the passage that ______．
A．people who we are working with are in fact those who we are partnering with
B．the first thing we notice tends to mislead our judgment
C．the mentally healthy people will not judge a person by his looks
D．the standards of looking at a person's intention are not various
解析 推理推断题。依据文章第四段the first things that we usually notice would be their dress，behavior，style and their language.What sometimes we all forget to look at is the person's intention可知，我们首先看到的通常只是表面，而不是一个人的内心。
答案 B
10．The underlined sentence means ______．
A．trust and disbelief go hand in hand with each other
B．disbelief is necessary if you aren't wise
C．trust is established if two people know each other
D．doubt may serve as the precondition for trust
解析 推理推断题。依据文章最终一段首句：Certainly a false offer of friendship or guidance cannot stand undiscovered for long(虚假的友情或指导掩饰不了多长时间)可以推断出最佳答案：doubt may serve as the precondition for trust(怀疑可能是信任的先决条件)。
答案 D
11．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?
A．Trust or Disbelief? B．Trust Is Life.
C．Trust over Disbelief? D．Disbelief over Trust?
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主题为：Trust or Disbelief？(信任与怀疑)，而并非论述“一方面赛过另一方面”， 所以C、D不正确；B项太宽泛，也不正确。
答案 A
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