2022高考英语天津市和平区一轮短文改错和阅理类选练及参考答案2.docx

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect American society in many ways education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the aging of America has made us a very different society one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.A persons age no longer tells you anything about his/ her social position, marriage or health. Theres no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isnt as strong as it used to be. It doesnt surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.Many people say, “I am much younger than my mother or my father was at my age.” No one says “Act your age” any more. Weve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.1. It can be learned from the text that the aging of the population in America _.A. has made people feel younger B. has changed peoples social positionC. has changed peoples understanding of age D. has slowed down the countrys social development2. The underlined word “one” refers to _.A. a society B. America C. a place D. population3. “Act your age” means people should _.A. be active when they are old B. do the right thing at the right ageC. show respect to their parents young or old D. take more physical exercises suitable to their age4. If a 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most probably consider it _.A. normal B. wonderfulC. unbelievable D. unreasonable1. C 主旨题。依据第一、二段的最终一句及第三段可推断。2. A 细节题。one是a society的同位语且后面跟了一个定语从句，可以通过分析句子结构得出正确答案。3. B 细节题。全文最终一句话给出了提示。4. A 推理题。可认真阅读其次段中倒数其次句话。阅读理解。Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldnt think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher. Another student in microbiology had similar experiences. He said, My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, but I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldnt even write them down!These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and he is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cant write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.Special university counseling courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tension. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.An expert at the University of California explains. With almost all students, relaxation and less stress are felt after taking our program. Most of them experience better control during their tests. Almost all have some improvement. With some, the improvement is very great. 6. To “blank out” is probably_.A. to be like a blanket B. to be unsure of an answerC. to be unable to think clearly D. to show wrong knowledge to the teacher7. Poor grades are usually the result of _.A. poor hygienic habits B. lazinessC. lack of sleep D. inability to form good study habits8. Test anxiety has been recognized as _.A. an excuse for laziness B. the result of poor habitsC. a real problem D. something that cant be changed9. To deal with this problem, students say they want to _.A. take a short course on anxiety B. read about anxiety and know how to deal with itC. be able to manage or understand their anxietyD. take tests to prove they are not anxious10. What can be inferred from the passage? _.A. all students could overcome the anxiety after taking a special test anxiety programB. most of the students felt relaxed after taking a University of California counseling courseC. students found it difficult to improve even though they had taken a special test anxiety courseD. students found it easy to relax as soon as they entered a University of California counseling course【参考答案】610、CDCAB 阅读理解-CIve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you pass your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that youve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.11. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” (Line 4, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means _.A. no one can be both creative and criticalB. they cannot be regarded as equally importantC. they are in constant conflict with each otherD. one cannot use them at the same time12. What prevents people from writing on is _.A. putting their ideas in raw formB. attempting to edit as they writeC. ignoring grammatical soundnessD. trying to capture fleeting thoughts13. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A. To organize ones thoughts logically. B. To choose an appropriate topic.C. To get ones ideas down. D. To collect raw materials.14. One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that _.A. it overstresses the role of the creative mindB. it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC. it may bring about too much criticismD. it does not help them to think clearly15. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. It introduces the authors writing method.B. It tells us something about the creative mind.C. It highlights the importance of critical mind.D. It shows the difficulties to write on the fly.【参考答案】1115、DBCBA阅读理解。The record rise in world food prices last month is not only a start to a possible food price shock in the coming months, but also an obvious warning that the international community cannot afford to ignore. The fearful consequences of long-term climate change are more closing now and divided response to the global financial crisis could make them worse. Early this week, the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization announced that its benchmark food price index had jumped to 214.7 points in December, above the previous peak of 213.5, which was set in June 2008 and caused food riots(暴乱) in some poor countries. With the world economy showing little sign of emerging out of the mess any time soon, the record increase in food prices is certainly shocking. The 2008 food crisis was a silent tsunami for the worlds poor. So, what will happen if food prices remain high over the next several months? The obvious answer is: The number of hungry people across the world, about 1 billion according to UN estimates, will almost certainly increase. Hence, the international community should prepare to solve a food crisis similar to that in 2008. For the moment, that means policymakers across the globe should make joint efforts to prevent panic over food prices both at home and in the global market. But to prevent such food crises from happening again, the international community must first recognize that our future is likely to be affected by extreme weather more seriously than feared earlier if we continue to drag our feet in the fight against climate change. The looming food crisis calls for a stronger sense of urgency than what negotiators, especially those from developed countries, have shown at UN climate change conferences in recent years. Besides, soaring world food prices also highlight the threat of super-loose monetary policies that some rich countries have adopted to let rapid inflation erode（腐蚀） the real value of their debt burden. Excessive liquidity from developed countries has pushed up commodity prices in the world market and created considerable inflationary(通货膨胀) pressure on developing countries. This is unfair to developing countries, which are relatively poor and suffer a lot more from food-led inflation. As the worlds most populous country, China can draw some comfort from its bumper harvest last year, which was also its seventh continuous rich harvest. The countrys success in feeding one-fifth of the worlds population with less than 10 percent of global farming land shows that its great efforts to increase agricultural production have paid rich interest. But Chinese policymakers cannot assume that such favorable conditions will continue. Rapid urbanization and population changes in the country will make it increasingly difficult to further raise grain output. Therefore, China should take the record rise in world food prices as a call to double its efforts to improve farm productivity. 16. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Urgent Concern about the Rise of the World Food Prices B. The Climate Changes Are to BlameC. Global Farming D. Urgent Concern about the Poor Countries.17. What will happen if food prices remain high over the next several months?A. The number of hungry people all over the world will almost certainly increase.B. Many people will die easily for lack of food.C. People will fight with each other and cause riots across the world.D. Excessive liquidity from developed countries will create considerable inflation.18. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A. The rapid inflation eroded the real value of some rich countries debt burden by the super-loose monetary policies.B. People all over the world should work together to prevent the food crisis.C. The food price index had jumped to the peak in 2008.D. The developing countries suffered a lot more from food-led inflation. 19. Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined phrase “drag our feet”?A. quicken our pace B. slow our paceC. pull our feet. D. walk quickly20. The Chinese policymakers doubt whether the grain output will continue to increase because_.A. the farms will not work harder than beforeB. the population in China will be smaller and smallerC. more houses will be built on the farm land in the futureD. the terrible weather will affect the agriculture production 【参考答案】1620、AACBC 短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Several days before，a few of my friend and I went on a picnic on the beach of the Jialing River.It is about five miles far from the city.We arrived that place in the morning.Most of us go swimming immediately.While in the water，we played an interesting game.Those which were on the beach had some other activity.Some of them even sang and danced happy.There were still others who were interested in nothing，except picked beautiful stones.In the evening，we returned home.How a happy day it was!答案：Several days，a few of my and I went on a picnic on the beach of the Jialing River. It is about five miles far from the city.We arrived that place in the morning.Most of us swimming immediately.While in the water，we played an interesting game.Those were on the beach had some other .Some of them even sang and danced .There were still others who were interested in nothing，except beautiful stones.In the evening，we returned home. a happy day it was!短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Obama said，“This time has to be differently.This time we cannot fail，so can we be happy simply because the price at the pump has gone down from.”Obamas choices was welcomed by enviro