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（新课标）2022高考英语一轮复习 学问排查突破
book 5 Unit 5 First aid 新人教版
重点识记词汇
1.fall ill 生病 plex adj.简洁的
3．squeeze out榨出；挤出 4.in place在适当的位置；适当
5．a number of若干；很多 6.put one’s hands on 找到
7．over and over again反复；多次 8.pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌
9．vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 10.electric shock触电；电休克
11．barrier n．屏障；障碍(物) 12.squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨
13．symptom n．症状；征兆 14.ceremony n．典礼；仪式；礼节
15．choke vi.& vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息 16.essential adj.最重要的；不行缺少的；本质的
17．swell vi.& vt.(swelled，swollen) (使)膨胀；隆起
18．aid n．& vt.挂念；救济；资助→first aid (对伤患者的)急救
19．mild adj.略微的；温存的；温存的→mildly adv.略微地；温存地
20．infection n．传染；传染病；感染→infect vt.感染；传染
21．make a difference 区分对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
22．injury n．损伤；损害→injure v．受伤→injured adj.受伤的
23．bleed vi.& vt.(bled，bled)流血→blood n．血
24．temporary adj.临时的；临时的→temporarily adv.临时地；临时地
25．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的
26．variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．变化
27．unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的→bearable adj.(反义词)可忍受的；支持得住的→bear vt.忍受 vi.承受
28．watery adj.(似)水的→water n．水 vt.给……浇水
29．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地
30．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚决的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地
31．bravery n．英勇；士气→brave adj.英勇的
32．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；恳求；使用；有效→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请(书)
33．pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)→press v．压；按；压迫
34．treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；款待→treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待
必背经典句式
1.So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
因此你可以想象的到， 假如你的皮肤烧伤了就可能格外严峻。
2．If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible.
假如烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。
3.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。
必背经典句式
4.There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是约翰灵敏的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
5．Do you think it is worthwhile to take a course in first aid?
你认为学习急救学问有价值吗？
构词记忆
edition /I′dIʃn/ n．[C]版；版本；版次
exhibition /ˌeksI′bIʃn/ n．[C]&[U]展览；展览会；展览品
expectation /ˌekspek′teIʃn/ n．[C]&[U]期盼；预期；期望
graduation /ˌɡrædjʊ′eIʃn/ n．1.[U]毕业 2.[C]&[U]毕业典礼
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A．语境填词
1．When you find someone hurt，you should perform first aid(挂念) as soon as possible.
2．Why do you value money so much? Is it essential(最重要的) to happiness?
3．Those blackmailers(勒索者) intended to squeeze(压榨) more money out of the pupil.
4．The cut on my arm bled(流血) a lot when I was hurt yesterday.
5．An old woman was found choked(使窒息) to death.
6．More and more people are riding electric(电的) bikes.
7．He’s complaining of all the usual flu symptoms(征兆)—a high temperature，headache and so on.
8．The biggest problem I have to face is the language barrier(障碍) when I go abroad.
9．The complex(简洁的) operating systems of computers are difficult for some aged people who lack knowledge about computers.
10．His rude behaviour is unbearable(难以忍受的) to his classmates，so he makes few friends in his class.
11．Having experienced the terrible earthquake on May 12th,2008，the young boy made a firm(坚决的) decision that he would be a soldier in the future.
12．The opening ceremony(典礼) of the 2008 Olympic Games directed by Zhang Yimou gave a surprise to the whole world which won the admiration of the world.
B．用所给词的适当形式填空
13．He was very brave about his operation.His bravery moved us deeply.(brave)
14．He has been ill for two months.And we are very worried about his illness.(ill)
15．She committed suicide by taking poison last night after a quarrel with her husband.Frequent quarrels are to couples what poisonous snakes are to human lives，which will poison husband and wife’s feelings.(poison)
16．The coffee is very hot.Don’t burn your mouth，or you will receive serious burns.(burn)
17．Wood often swells when wet and rivers always get swollen with melted snow.(swell)
18．Infected with the disease，many people got frightened by the infection.(infect)
19．Tom received a slight injury while many other people got injured in the accident.(injure)
20．He treated himself to a long holiday before he received a special treatment for his nose.(treat)
21．Press this button to start the engine，so the pressure of the water turns this wheel.(press)
22．I don’t know why so many applicants have handed in their applications to apply for such an easy job：applying the ointment(药膏) to the wound.(apply)
23．Tom was employed as a temporary worker in a hospital and so he worked temporarily in the First Aid Centre of the hospital.(temporary)
Ⅱ.短语运用
A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
squeeze out，fall ill，stick...to...，put one’s hands on sth.，do damage to，make a difference，apply...to...，present sb.with sth.
24．It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.
25．My key must be here somewhere，but I can’t put my hands on it at the moment.
26．Since he fell ill，his daughter has been acting for him in all his affairs.
27．This new technology has been applied to agriculture so far.
28．He stuck a stamp to the envelope and walked out of the room.
29．He was squeezed out of the job market by young people.
30．When Mr.Brown left the firm，the director presented him with a gold watch.
31．The snow was heavy，doing damage to the fruit trees.
B．用方框内所给短语填空
32．She likes everything to be in place before she starts working.
33．I’ve warned you over and over again not to do such silly things.
34．You should learn something about first aid in case you get injured unexpectedly.
35．Step by step he gained the child’s confidence and got the whole story from her.
Ⅲ.经典句式
36．The children were playing football happily on the playground when it began to rain heavily.
孩子们正在操场上兴奋地踢足球，这时天开头下起大雨。
37．It’s worthwhile taking/to take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
给新雇员解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的。
38．—I hear Bob has been ill in hospital for days.
—If so，let’s go to see him.
——我听说鲍勃住院几天了。
——假如这样的话，我们去看看他。
39．There is some doubt whether we can raise enough money for the project.
我们能否为这项工程筹集到足够的资金尚有疑问。
40．Someone is knocking at the door；who can it be?
有人在敲门，可能是谁？
1 injury n.伤口；损害；损害
injure v.损害；损害
injured adj.受伤的
At least the injury gave me time to be with my friends and family.
至少伤病让我有时间与我的伴侣和家人呆在一起了。
[词义辨析] injure，hurt，harm，wound
(1)injure意为“损害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成损害，也表示损害名誉、损害感情等。
(2)hurt意为“苦痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的损害，尤指让身体某一部位受伤；也可以指精神上的损害，常有猛烈的苦痛感。
(3)harm意为“损害”，用于肉体或精神上的损害，有时也指引起担忧或不便。
(4)wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的损害，如刀、枪等的损害，尤其是指战场上的损害。
[图解助记]
[夯实基础]
(1)用injure，hurt，harm，wound的适当形式填空
①It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.
②Two women have been badly injured in the accident.
③Luckily no one got wounded in the battle.
④He hurt his back when playing squash(壁球)．
⑤Don’t harm your eyes by reading in poor light.
(2)用injure的适当形式填空
①Only 38 of the injured remained in hospital.
②The two other passengers escaped serious injuries.
③A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people.
2 essential adj.必不行少的(necessary)；最重要的(vital)；本质的；基本的(fundamental)；n.必需品；要点，要素；实质
be essential to/for对……来说是重要的
It’s essential to do/that...……是必要的(that从句的谓语用“should＋do”，should通常省略）
[多词一义] essential，important，vital
It was absolutely essential to set a realistic goal.
把目标制定得现实可行是完全有必要的。
The flat contained the basic essentials for daily life.
那套公寓配有日常生活的基本必需品。
[夯实基础]
(1)It is essential that you (should) win(你赢得) the voters’ hearts.
(2)Sun and water are essential to/for(对……必不行少) the growth of crops.
(3)According to the latest research，getting enough sleep is essential(得到足够的睡眠是必不行少的) to maintaining good health and reducing stress.
3 treat n.款待；款待；v.以……态度对待；以……方式对待(behave towards)；把……看作(consider)；治疗；款待；款待；请客
[应试指导] 在交际用语中的考查
treat sb.as...把某人看作……
treat sb.to sth.款待某人吃……
treat sb.with respect/kindness敬重某人/善待某人
My treat.我请客。
Artie treated most women with impatience.
阿蒂对大多数女人都没有急躁。
The boy was treated for a minor head wound.
那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Police say they’re treating it as a case of attempted murder.
②She always treats him to ice cream.
③We’ve got to treat people with respect and dignity.
(2)If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.
①If treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved. (改为省略句)
②Treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)
4 apply vt. & vi.涂(put or spread sth. onto a surface)；应用(use)；(对……)适用；申请(make a request)；努力学习；涉及(concern，relate)
[应试指导] 申请类写作高频词汇
apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物
apply to适合
apply sth.to sth.把某物应用(涂抹)于……
apply oneself to (＝be applied to)致力于/集中精力于……
application n.申请(书)；用途
applicant n.申请人
Apply some medicine to his wound.
给他的伤口上点药吧。
Tom would do very well if only he applied himself.
要是认真致志，汤姆会做得很好的。
[夯实基础]
(1)用apply的适当形式填空
①The new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.
②His application for membership of the organization was rejected.
③If the applicant is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.
(2)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
①Applying yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)
②Applied to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
5 make a difference区分对待；有影响；起(重要)作用(have an effect/influence on)
make no/little difference to对……没有/几乎没有影响
make much difference to对……有很大影响
tell the difference between...and...说出……和……的不同
be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用
Even if you had tried to help it，it wouldn’t have made any difference.
即使你曾试图帮忙，结果也不会有什么不同。
What you said just now made no difference to him.
你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。
[夯实基础]
(1) It makes no difference to me whether he comes here or not.
他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。
(2)Can you tell the difference between the two words?
你能区分这两个单词吗？
6 get done被……
[应试指导] get后跟非谓语动词的考查
get paid得到酬劳 get married结婚
get injured/hurt受伤 get burned烧伤
get infected感染 get separated分别
get damaged毁掉 get broken坏掉
get repaired修理 get dressed穿上衣服
get changed换衣服 get drunk喝醉
She got burned when she was cooking yesterday.
她昨天做饭时被烫伤了。
He went out and got drunk.他出去喝醉了。
[特殊提示]
get done结构既可以表示被动语态，也可表示系表结构。
[夯实基础]
用get＋v.ed完成句子
(1)If you happen to get lost(迷路) in the wild，you’d better stay where you are and wait for help.
(2)They got punished(受到惩处) by the teacher.
(3)—You can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored(变得厌倦) with it in a few days.Then what?
—We won’t，we promise!
1Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。假如需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
(1)unless“除非；假如不”，引导一个确定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
Unless you are trying to lose weight to please yourself，it’s going to be hard to keep your motivation level high.除非减肥是为了悦己，否则很难保持乐观性。
We cannot understand disease unless we understand the person who has the disease.
若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。
[夯实基础]
(1)I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.
I want you to keep working if I don’t tell you to stop.(用if从句改写句子)
(2)要是不能额外弄一些钱，剧院将要关闭。(翻译句子)
Unless some extra money is found，the theatre will close.
(3)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work(除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中)．
2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be about to do...when...刚要做……此时……
had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...刚要做……这时……
The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady’s handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷刚要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
[夯实基础]
语法填空
(1)We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.
(2)She had just finished(finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
3单元语法——用省略形式完成下列句子
(1)Jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature.
→Jack loves nature more than his wife does.
(2)Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Max’s mother too.
→Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too.
(3)If it’s convenient，you can come here at any time.
→If convenient，you can come here at any time.
(4)Though he was tired，he still gave the students a lecture.
→Though tired，he still gave the students a lecture.
(5)When I was walking in the street，I came across an old friend of mine.
→When walking in the street，I came across an old friend of mine.
高考题组
Ⅰ.短文改错[2009·宁夏(海南)]
Dear Mrs.Winthorp，
So my first week at college is over！No lectures this morning so I think I’d email you and let you know what things are going.
I’m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.
Well，I had better to stop now.I’m going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon，for I’ve got some preparation to make.Keep in touch.
Best，
Carol
答案
Dear Mrs.Winthorp，
So my first week at college is over！No lectures this morning so I think I’d email you and let you know things are going.
I’m glad to say that has worked out fine in the dorm.I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they me a comfortable one on second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make with them so that we can help each other the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and here.
Well，I had better to\ stop now.I’m going to attend first lesson this afternoon， I’ve got some preparation to make.Keep in touch.
Best，
Carol
Ⅱ.写作常用句翻译
1．首先我把散落在房间里的全部书籍、报纸和其他东西收集起来并把它们放在合适的位置。(in place)(2021·陕西·书面表达)
Firstly I collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.
2．因此，我坚信我们的将来把握在我们自己手里。(firmly)(2022·浙江·书面表达)
Therefore，I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.
3．因此，为了提高人们疼惜北极熊的意识，我真诚地申请担当北极熊代言人。(apply)(2011·重庆·书面表达)
So，in order to increase people’s awareness of protecting polar bears，I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.
4．缘由经常是来自父母的压力使他们几乎没有时间参与其他的活动。(pressure)(2011·陕西·书面表达)
The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities.
模拟题组
Ⅰ.语法填空
1．The train accident resulted in heavy casualties，with more than fifty people seriously injured(injure)．
2．The heavy rain poured down，flooding(flood) the whole village soon.
3．Now a lot of new technologies can be applied to solving(solve) problems in industry.
4．Every individual’s effort will make a difference to environment protection.
5．I have a tight budget for the trip，so I’m not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices.
6．She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.
7．The global warming，if not properly controlled(control)，might lead to more natural disasters.
8．If you go to Jiuzhaigou Valley today，you will find it more attractive than commonly supposed(suppose)．
9．Interest is as vital to learning as the ability to understand，even more so.
10．Mum，
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