上海牛津英语6B知识点梳理知识讲解.doc

上海牛津英语6B知识点梳理精品文档Module 1 City lifeUnit1 Great cities in Asia知识点梳理：I 词组1. at an exhibition 在展览会上2. the capital of China 中国的首都 the capital city of Shandong province 山东的省会城市3. north-east of Shanghai 在上海东北面east/ west/ south / north of在的东、西、南、北面 north-east /north-west of 在的东北、西北south-east /south- west of 在东南，西南 * in/on/to the east of eg. Shanghai is in the east of China. Korea is on the east of China. Japan is to the east of China.3. how far 多远4. how 如何/怎样 5. how long 多久6. in the past 在过去7. other places 其他城市8. from shanghai to Beijing 从上海到北京9. read some information about Beijing阅读关于北京的信息10. the Great Wall 长城 * the Summer Palace 颐和园* the Palace Museum 故宫博物院11. more than= over 超过* less than = under 少于 12. 15 million people 一千五百万人 *millions of, thousands of13. huge department store 大型百货公司 *huge= very big14. spicy food 辣的食物15. in Asia 在亚洲Asia亚洲 Asian 亚洲人 亚洲人的 亚洲的16. great cities= big cities大城市17. which city哪个城市18. by plane=by air; 乘飞机by ship=by sea; 乘船by train/ ferry 乘火车/ 渡轮19. Thats right.对的。 * Thats all right. 没关系，不要紧。20. two days and a half = two and a half days两天半21. like visiting those places 喜欢参观那些地方 like/ love/ enjoy/ doing Sth. would like to do Sth.22. in Tokyo在东京II. 词性转换1. Japan (n.) 日本 Japanese ( a./n. )日本的，日语，日本人 a Japanese, some Japanese My uncle met some Japanese visitors yesterday. They came from Japan.China (n.) 中国 Chinese (a./n.) 中国的，汉语，中国人a Chinese, a lot of ChineseChina is a great nation with millions of clever and brave Chinese. 2. Thailand (n.) 泰国 *Thai (a./n ) 泰国的，泰语，泰国人 That Thai restaurant is looking for a good from Thailand. 3. exhibition (n.) 展览会，展览 *exhibit (v.) The Shanghai Exhibition Centre is on Yanan Road. 4. build (v.) 建造 - building (n.) 建筑物 * builder (n.) 建筑工 Thousands of builders have worked hard to build such a wonderful building. 5. tourist (n.)游客tour (n.) 旅游 Those tourists are welcomed by local tour agency. 6. information （Uncountable noun） * a piece of information some information Sam and Andy are looking for some information about forests. III. 语言点/句型1. south-east（东南）, north-east（东北） south-west (西南)， north-west (西北)这些斜方向方位词与中文表述相反。2. east of 在(范围外面的) 的东面in the east of 在（范围内）的东面.eg. Tokyo is east of Shanghai. Shanghai is in the east of China. Beijing is north of Shanghai. It is also in the north of China.3. the capital of China 中国的首都 of 的两种含义(a) of 表示“的”the capital of China/ the map of my school/ the picture of me of 表示”在之中”（后用复数）one/some/many/all/none of the boys.eg. Beijing is the capital of China and it is also one of the great cities in Asia. 4. Thats right 那是对的Thats all right 没关系You are right 你是对的All right 好吧eg. A: Tokyo is the capital of Japan-B: Thats right./ You are right. A: I am sorry.-B: Thats all right. A: Please open the door-B: All right.6: 关于“半个的表达法”half an hour (半小时)one hour and a half （一个半小时）an hour and a halfone and a half hours (注意复数)两天半 two days and a halftwo and a half days. eg. it takes about two and a half hours to fly from Shanghai to Beijing.7. by air = by plane 乘飞机:by sea = by ship 乘船eg. Tomorrow I will travel to Beijing by air,.注意同意表达go/travel/get to by=take a/an toeg. He goes to school by car. He takes a car to school.8 how, how far, how long 的特殊疑问句how far -“多远”问距离It is about 1,400 kilometers. How far is it?how -“如何，怎样” （1.by +交通工具 2.作表语的形容词）I go to school by bus. How do you go to school?He became fit again. How did he become?how long “多长时间” (对时间段提问) *初中阶段用how long 的常见句型-It takes sb time to do sth -since +时刻点或从句-for +段时间-不带not 的untileg. 1. It takes me about 2 hours to get there.How long does it take to get there?2. I have lived here since last year.How long have you lived here?3. I have lived here for 2 years.How long have you lived here?4. I did my homework until mid-night.How long did you do your homework?*5. (I wont go to bed until I finish my homework.)When will you go to bed?9 more than 超过=overeg. There are more than 12 million people in Shanghai. There are over 12 million people in Shanghai. 10. 15 million 一千五百万millions of 数以百万eg. More than 70 million people visited Shanghai Expo and millions of them visited China Pavilion. 11 like/love/enjoy 后跟动词ingPeople in Tokyo enjoy eating sushi.like/love doing sth = like/love to do sth12 there be 句型表示某地方或者某时间有eg. There are 15 million people in Beijing. There will be much rain next month注意there be 句型的各种时态There was/were (过去时)There will be/ is going to be （将来时）There have/has been （完成时）eg. There have been a lot of people in Shanghai already and there will be more in the future.13. These are all great cities in Asia.all “（三者以上）所有”， 放在be 动词后，行为动词前。eg. Tokyo, Bangkok and Beijing all come from Asia and they are all my favourite cities Unit 2 At the airport I 词组:1. arrive at the airport 到达机场2. arrive in Los Angeles 到达洛杉矶3. arrive home / here / there 到家/ 这儿/ 那儿4. a silk scarf 一条丝巾= several silk scarves 几条丝巾5. plenty of space大量的空间6. departure time 起飞时间 arrival time 抵达时间7. one and a half hours=one/an hour and a half 一个半小时8. before one oclock一点之前9. have to do sth. 不得不做某事10. drive somebody to some place 开车送某人去某地11. leave A 离开A地 / leave for B 出发去B地 leave A for B 离开A地去B地12. over there 在那里13. a boarding card 一张登机牌14. a name tag 一张姓名牌15. write down写下16. live in Los Angeles 住在洛杉矶17. enough space 足够的空间18. big enough 足够的大19. too many sweets 太多的糖果20. too much meat 太多的肉21. one and a half hours = one hour and a half 一个半小时22. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物II. 词性转换:1.fly v. 飞，飞行 flight n. 航班e.g. Next month, they will fly to the USA. Their Flight No. is MU6789.2.depart v. 离开，出发 departure n. 离开，启程e.g. Our parents will depart tomorrow morning. The departure time is 9.00 a.m.3. pass v. 通过 passenger n. 乘客；旅客 e.g. You cant pass. Stop, please! All passengers must obey the rules. 4. trolley n. 手推车 (复)trolleys5. arrive v. 到达 arrival n.到达e.g. The arrivel time is 3.00 p.m. , so they wont arrive at 1.00 p.m.III. 语言点/句型*1.Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike have lived in Los Angeles for six years. 现在完成时：sb. have/ has + V.p.p(动词的过去分词) Sb. have/ has not V.p.p. (否定句) Have/ Has sb. V.p.p.（一般疑问句） have been to 去过，到过（已回） have been in 住在(+时间段)have gone to 去，到（未回）e.g. I have been to America before. 我以前去过美国。 She has been in London for 2 years. 她已经住在伦敦两年。 Where is Mary? She has gone to the library. Mary在哪？她已经去图书馆了。 They have already done a lot of things.Tom hasnt read that book yet.Have you checked your passport yet?“already” 意为“已经”，用于现在完成时肯定句“yet” 意为“还，已经，仍”， 用于否定句和疑问句。 V.p.p. 动词的过去分词：bringbroughtbrought getgotgot writewrotewrittenbuyboughtbought putputput packpackedpackedlivelivedlived dodiddone 2.Mrs Wang and Grandma are going to Los Angels , the USA, this Sunday to see Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike. 本例中使用了现在进行时表示“将来”的含义。这样的动词常常是：go, come, leave, move etc.e.g. I am leaving now. 我要离开了。 The bus is coming. Hurry! 公交来了，快点。*3.Grandma has bought Aunt Judy plenty of T-shirts and several silk scarves. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.e.g. 原句可以表述为：Grandma has bought plenty of T-shirts and several silk scarves for Aunt Judy.4.However, they have not packed their suitcases yet.however:可用于句首，句中，句末，前后常用“，”隔开，语气比but 弱。 but: 用于句中e.g. She was ill, however, she still went to work. She was ill ,but she still went to work.5.What time does your plane leave for Los Angeles tomorrow?leave sp. 离开某地leave for sp. 出发去某地e.g. They will leave Shanghai. 他们将离开上海。 They will leave for Tokyo. 他们将出发去东京。 Module 1 Unit 3 1端午节the Dragon Boat Festival18一只甜粽子a sweet rice dumpling2跳进河里jumped into a river19有肉的咸粽子salty rice dumplings with meat3国家处于危险中the country was in danger20没有豆的甜粽子sweet rice dumplings without beans4在每年的那天纪念他remember him on that day every year21我们最喜欢的粽子our favourite rice dumplings5他的工作是给皇帝建议。His job was to give advice to the king.22你想吃点粽子吗？Would you like some rice dumplings6举行龙舟比赛have dragon boat races23好的，请。Yes, please.7吃粽子eat rice dumplings24不用，谢谢。No, thanks.8那年农历五月初五the fifth day of the fifth lunar month of that year25我宁愿吃一片披萨Id rather have a piece of pizza.9一个粽子a rice dumpling26一些布丁some puddings10战争失败lose a battle27一片饼干a piece of biscuits11采纳他的意见take his advice28一些三明治some sandwiches12新皇帝不听他的the new kind did not listen to him29给你的外国朋友写一封电子邮件write an e-mail to your foreign friend13出生在大约两千年前was/were born about two thousand years ago30告诉你一些关于的事情tell you something about14为什么人们要庆祝它？why do people celebrate it?31我爱拍照I love taking photos15以下是这个节日的故事heres the story of the festival32拍一些的照片take some photos of16知道关于端午节的情况know something about the Dragon Boat Festival33我将会送给你一些I will send you some17一只咸粽子a salty rice dumpling34两种粽子two kinds of rice dumplings语法重点：1. 一般过去时 ：a. 概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。b. 常用的时间状语：yesterday, last week/year, in the past, ago, in 2005, just nowc. 结构： 主语+动词的过去式+ e.g. He watched TV yesterday evening. 否定：He didnt watch TV yesterday evening.d. 动词过去式的构成：规则变化：1) 一般情况下在动词词尾直接加-ed. e.g. jumpjumped;2) 以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加-d. e.g. love loved3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，去y变i+ed; e.g. studystudied4) 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母， 再加-ed. e.g. stopstopped 不规则变化：参见教材P1032. 词性转换l celebrate v. 庆祝 *celebration n. 庆祝l (be) born v. 出生 bear v. 生n e.g. Alice was born in London in 2005.l country n. 国家; 乡下 countryside n. 郊外，郊野l advice n. 劝告; 忠告 advise v. 劝告, 忠告, 建议l sad adj. 悲伤的 sadly adv. 悲伤地 sadness n. 伤心，难过l die v. 死; 死亡 dead adj. 死的 death n. 死亡l later adv. 以后; 后来 late adj. 迟的 / adv. 迟，晚n e.g. 5 minutes later 5分钟以后 The boy was 5 minutes late.迟到了5分钟l lose v. (lost, lost)输掉 lost adj. 失去的，迷失的n e.g. I found my lost pen at last. 最后我找到了我丢失的钢笔。l win v. (won, won)赢得 winner n. 获胜者l danger n. 危险; 风险 dangerous adj. 危险的l without prep. 没有 with prep. 有；和一起l send v. (sent, sent)发送,寄 sender n. 寄件人l five num. 五 fifth 第五l salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 盐3. know sth. about sth./sb. 知道关于的情况4. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事5. His job was to give advice to the king. 他的工作是给国王出谋划策。a. 动词不定式 to give advice to the king 在句中做表语;e.g. My hope is to become a nurse. 我的愿望是成为一名护士。b. give advice to somebody 给某人提建议，相当于give somebody advicec. advice 为不可数名词，一条建议：a piece of advice6. It was the fifth day of the fifth lunar month of that year. 那一天是那一年的农历五月初五。农历是中国传统的日历表示方法，在英文中要用序数词来表达农历某个月的某一天。春节 （农历正月初一）： the first day of the first lunar month 元宵节（农历正月十五）： the fifteenth day of the first lunar month中秋节（农历八月十五）： the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month7. 表示伴随：with/without 介词with表示“带着”，“带有”。反义词为without。e.g. Do you like coffee with or without milk? 你要喝奶咖还是清咖？8. 表示对别人礼貌的邀请，如Would you like some? 其肯定回答为：Yes,please.否定回答为：No,thanks.9. 在表示两种相反态度的情况下可以说：I like, but I dont like10. I dont like rice dumplings. Id rather have a piece of pizza.would rather do “宁愿, 宁可”, 后接动词原形，口语中常使用 d rather do的缩略形式，用于表示喜好、偏爱，相当于prefer to。e.g. It is raining outside. Id rather stay at home. 外面在下雨, 我宁可待在家里。 would rather do =d rather do否定: would rather not do sth. = d rather not doUnit 4 Staying healthyI 词组1. stay healthy = keep healthy 保持健康2. indoor activities 室内活动3. outdoor activities 室外活动4. like dancing 喜欢跳舞5. like running 喜欢跑步 6. enjoy swimming 喜欢游泳7. love sports 喜欢运动8. love playing 喜欢玩9. forget working忘记工作10. play and work 工作与玩耍11. do puzzles 玩拼图游戏12. go fishing 去钓鱼13. go cycling 去骑车14. go swimming 去游泳15. go on a picnic 去野餐16. watch television 看电视17. see a film 看电影18. read a book 看书19. play computer games 玩电脑游戏20. play tennis / badminton 打网球/羽毛球21. play basketball in the playground 在操场上打篮球22. play the piano 弹钢琴23. make a model 制作模型24. have a barbecue 进行一次烧烤25. fly kites 放风筝26. health problem 健康问题27. have a headache 头疼28. have a stomach ache 肚子疼29. have a cold 感冒30. have a fever 发烧31. have a sore throat 喉咙疼32. have toothache 牙疼 (注意没有“a”) 33. Im afraid 恐怕（表示婉转语气）34. too much + 不可数名词 太多 35. too many + 可数名词 36. too little+ 不可数名词 太少37. too few + 可数名词 38. watch too much television 看太多的电视(*watch television for too long) 39. watch less television 看少一点电视40. wear enough clothes 穿足够多的衣服41. *put on 穿上42. wear more clothes 穿更多的衣服43. eat too much spicy food 吃太多的辛辣食物44. have exercise 做运动45. once a day 一天一次46. twice a week 一周两次47. three times a month 一个月三次48. go to bed late 晚睡49. go to bed early早睡50. practise swimming 练习游泳 51. *practise doing sth. 练习做某事52. help do the housework 帮助做家务 53. *help sb. (to) do sth./ help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事II. 词性转换1. act (v.) activity (n.) activities (pl.) *active (a.) e.g. We take part in all kinds of activities. He is very active in class.2. health (n.) healthy (adj.) unheal