(英语二)2500核心词汇复习课程.doc

(英语二)2500核心词汇

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abandon
vt.抛弃 abandon ship弃船 abandon one’s hope
abide
vi. abide by 遵守 bid 命令,要求; abide by the law= conform to the law
abnormal
adj.不正常; normal; ab-离开,偏离away from; abnormal-minded 变态的
aboard
adv./prep 在船上,在火车,飞机上 board 甲板; a-处于…状态;
表语形容词alive/alone/asleep/alike/ashore/awake
abolish
vt.使流产,取消,废除=cancel; a-表示否定: apolitical 非政治的;
atonal 跑调的abortion n.流产 bor-→born
abound
vi.富产; abundant 大量的; boundary 边界; bound 范围
abound in 富于…无限的,大量的
abroad
adv. 到国外 ab-离开; study abroad 留学; go abroad 出国
absolute
adj.绝对的; solution n.解决; solve vt.解决; soluble adj.可溶的
absent
adj.缺席的; be absent from the class/the meeting; send 派遣
present 出席; be present at the meeting ;
absorb
vt.吸收 absorb water/chemicals; absorb oneself in sth 沉浸于
be absorbed in sth/doing 沉浸于某事
abstract
vt.提炼 abs- = ab-; n.摘要; adj.抽象的
abstract some mineral out of the ore从矿石中提炼矿物
tractor 拖拉机 -tract 拖,拉; extract vt.拔出extract a tooth 拔牙
distract vt.转移; contract vi.挤压,压缩,收缩; protract vt.延长
absurd
adj.荒谬的,荒唐的,荒诞的
abundant
adj.大量的
abuse
vt.滥用;虐待 n.滥用,虐待; abuse one’s power/authority
abuse one’s wife 虐待; abuse captives 虐待俘虏; drug abuse 吸毒 child abuse 虐待儿童
academic
adj.专业的,学术的; academic custume 学位服
academy 专业院校(方向); a military academy 军事院校
college 专科院校;学院(英)=school; institute 研究院
school 大学下属学院(美); law/bussiness school法/商学院;
university 综合大学 universe 宇宙;
academic degree 学位; academic term 专业术语
academic freedom 学术自由; academic discussion 学术探讨 3.17
accelerate
v.加速=speed up; slow down减速; to accelerate one’s car 提速
access
n.进入,途径[u]; -cess,-ceed= go,move;
vt. 1.接通(电脑等); 取数; 存取; 2.得到, 了解; 3.接近, 进入, 使用
have access to doing有做sth的途径,方法
可以得到,可以获得Student should have access to excellent books.
学生应该读到优秀的书籍.
exceed vt.超出..范围go out of/beyond; exceed the speed limit 超速
exceed one’s expectations超出预期
excess n.过多,过度 an excess of…; an excess of praise/criticism
excessive adj.过多的,极端的,额外;
proceed vi.继续proceed to sth; proceed to one’s master degree
process n.进程,过程; in process of 在做sth过程当中
precede v.在…前面,领先于; in the preceding paragraph 在前面一段
precedent n.前例,先例; concede v.让步,妥协; concession n.妥协
succeed 成功succeed in; 继承succeed to; succeed/fail in 成功/失败
success n.成功; succession n.继承,系列 a succession of
successive adj.系列的,连续不断的; successful adj.成功的
recede vi.退回,衰退; recession 衰退economic recession
acclaim
n./v.欢呼; claim 声称; proclaim 宣布= declare; proclaim peace/ war
reclaim vt.要求归还,要求收回; reclaim sth back
accommodate
1.容纳=contain(物); 2.给sb提供居所(人);
3.使适应adapt/ condition/ adjust/ accommodate/ condition oneself/sth to
调节自己以适应; be apt to do 易于;往往
commode n.无斗橱,衣柜;commodity n.商品;commodious adj.宽敞的
accompany
vt.陪伴 accompany sb to sp; company 1公司2伙伴;
Two is company;three is none. 两人成伴,三人不欢
accord
vt.授予n.一致; cord n.细绳,细线;
accord/award/grant/give sb sth 授予某人某物
in accord with sb和…保持一致; in accordance with = according to 根据
with one accord adv.一致; of one’s own accord 自愿的,自发的
accomplish
vt.完成,达到,实现; complete;
accomplish one’s purpose; sense of accomplishment 成就
account
n.帐目 accountant 会计师; count v.数
1.take…into account 考虑到= consider;
2.account for a.占(比例)b.解释;
There is no accounting for tastes. 爱好是不需要解释的
3.on this/that account 因为…原因; on no account 决不
accumulate
vt.(逐渐)积累; -cumul 累积,积累; cumulative 累积的,积累的
accumulate riches/a fortune
accuse
vt.指责,指控; curse 咒骂,诅咒;
accuse sb of sth= charge sb with sth 指控某人某事; charge for 收费;
sue sb for sth 起诉…; prosecute sb for sth 起诉(超纲)3.18
accustomed
adj.习惯了的; custom 风俗,习俗; used to do 过去常常do sth
be accustomed to doing= be used to doing习惯于do;
achieve
vt.取得; ache 疼痛; achieve one’s purpose; achievement 成就
headache, backache, toothache; No ache, no achievement.
accomplish 完成,实现 complete; accomplish one’s purpose
accomplishment 成就
attain a.vt.实现,完成,取得; b. vi.达到,到达attain (to)(答案)
attain one’s purpose attainment 造诣;
attain (to) the mountain top 到达山顶;
attain (to) manhood 进入成年期; attain (to) perfection 臻于完美
acknowledge
vt.承认; knowledge 知识; acknowledge doing;
admit doing/to doing (被迫)承认;
confess doing/to doing (罪行的)承认,忏悔
acquaint
vt.结识,使熟悉,使了解;
acquaint oneself with sb/sth= be acquainted with sb/sth
= be familiar with sb/sth 了解...
acquaintance n.[u]熟悉,了解[c]熟人;
have a bowing/nodding acquaintance with sb 和sb点头之交
make an/the acquaintance of sb; make a friend of sb;
make a fool of sb 愚弄sb; make a habit of doing 养成一个习惯
acquire
vt.(通过努力)获得 -quire 追求acquire a degree/language(褒义)
inquire 询问,调查; require 需要,要求; get (最泛的)得到
obtain (通过某种具体的方式)得到obtain a wallet/lesson
secure adj.安全的 vt.确保得到 ; secure a ticket
actual
adj.实际的; the actual head of the firm; actually adv.实际上= in fact;
act vi.行动,表演; action n.行动,行为; active adj.积极的,主动的
activity n.行为,活跃; actor/actress n.演员,女演员
react v.反应react to reaction n.反应;
counteract vt.反作用于,抵消; counteract poison 解毒
counteraction n.
counter n.柜台 counter-相反的,对应的
counterpart n.对应的角色; countersign n.口令,暗号
counterfeit n.假钞,赝品 -feit 钱; adj.假冒的,伪造的vt.假冒,伪造
forfeit 罚金; counter-clockwise 逆时针的;
transact v.交易; transaction n.交易
acute
adj.1急性的2敏锐的3强烈的; 1.an acute disease 反义词:chronic;
2.an acute sense of smell; 3.acute pain
adapt
vt.使适应= adjust/accommodate/condition使适应
apt 1.(人)聪明的,敏捷的= clever; 2.be apt to do有做sth的趋势
adapt oneself to (只能接人,侧重结果)
adopt sth 采纳,接受adopt sb’s advice;
adopt sb 领养 adopt an orphan; an adopted son 养子
adoptive parents 养父母; opt/option/optional 选择
additional
adj.增加的,额外的= extra
address
v.发表演讲,做演讲; vt.称呼address sb as; n.地址(不重要); dress 衣服
address to sb at a meeting 在会上发言
adequate
adj.1令人满意的satisfying; 2.足够的(质量)
an adequate husband 令人满意的老公; an adequate salary 足够的薪水
equal adj.平等的,等同的; sufficient adj.足够的 enough(数量)
insufficient= deficient 不足的;
proficient n.adj.擅长(的),精通(的); be proficient/skilled/expert at/in
ample adj.大量的,丰富的; abundant adj.大量的,丰富的
adhere
vi.粘附,坚持 adhere to 坚持; adhere to the original plan坚持原计划
stick to=adhere to ; cling to a.指人-(固执)坚持b.粘在…上
insist on 坚持(主张); persist in doing sth 坚持继续do
persevere in doing (坚韧不拔的)继续做; severe 严酷的
adjust
vt.调整,调节(可接人,可接物,侧重过程) ; adjust a microscope/telescope
adjust oneself to 调整自己以适应…; adjust sth to
just adj.正直的,公正的,合理的; a just judge;
a just sentence 公正的判决; a just claim 合理的要求; 3.20
justice n.公正,正义,合理
administer
vt.管理; minister n.部长,大臣; administration n.管理
MBA=Master of Business Administration
admire
vt.钦佩,羡慕; envy vt.忌妒 envy sb’s good luck; appreciate 欣赏
admit
v.1承认admit doing/to doing (被迫)承认; 2.允许进入 -mit=go;
admission n.允许 an admission test 入学考试=entrance test
acknowledge doing; confess doing/to doing (罪行的)承认,忏悔
permit sb to do 允许
transmit a disease 传播疾病; transmit televised signals 传送电视信号
submit to sb= surrender to= give way to= give in to 屈服于sb;
omit 1遗漏,忽略2省略(故意的);
emit vt.发射= send out; emit light 发光
adolescent
n.青少年; scent 香水,香味
adopt
vt.采纳,收养 -opt 选择; adopt sb’s advice 采纳意见
adopt an orphan 收养孤儿; adopted son 养子; adoptive parents 养父母
advance
v.前进; vt. 提出= put/ bring forward; n.前进;进步 van- 前锋,先驱;
make progress/advance; advance to; advanced adj.先进的,高级的
advantage
n.优势 disadvantage 劣势
adventure
n.冒险(运动); venture n.(事业)冒险; a joint venture 合资企业
advertise
v.做广告; advertisement n.广告
advisable
adj.明智的= sensible; advise v.建议; advice n.建议
advisor n.顾问; advisory adj.顾问的
advocate
vt.倡导,提倡 advocate sth; vocal adj.嗓音的,发音的
affect
v.1感动affect/move sb; be affected by a story; 2.影响(贬义)
Smoking is apt to affect one’s health. 吸烟往往影响人的健康.
effect n.have an effect on sb/sth;
influence n. (中性) have an influence on sb
affection
n.爱= love; win sb’s affections赢得sb的爱;
affectionate adj.慈祥的,恩爱的; affectionate eyes/parents/couples
affiliate
vt.附在 n.分支机构,子公司,分公司; affiliate A to B= attach A to B固定在
a middle school affiliated to Renmin University人大附属中学
affluent
adj.富有的,富裕的; fluent adj.流利的; flu 流感
live in affluent circumstances
afford
v.承担的起,负担的起
agency
n.代理机构 XinHua agency; a news agency;
agent n.代理人 a housing agent
agenda
n.议事日程; on the agenda根据议事日程
aggravate
vt加剧,加重,恶化; aggravate an illness 加重病情
grave n.坟墓 adj.严重的,重大的; grave news 重大新闻 3.21
aggression
n.1.进取心,上进心2.挑衅,侵略 -gress 滚动,走
aggressive adj.1.有进取心的; 2.挑衅的,侵略的
congress 会议,国会; progress 进步; regress 退步
agony
n.剧痛pain/suffering; in agony;
aid
v.帮助; n.帮助; come to sb’s aid/rescue 来帮助/拯救sb
alarm
n.警报;vt.使恐慌 sound/give an alarm; an alarm clock
A Fare Well to Arms 永别了武器
alert
vt.使警觉
alienation
n.疏远; alien n.外星人,外国人; adj.陌生的; alienate vt.使疏远
alike
adj.(表语)adv.相同,相似; treak sb alike 同样的对待sb
like vt.喜欢 prep.像...一样 adj.相似的; Like father,like son.
likely adj.有可能be likely to do; adv. Most likely, S+V
allege
vt.宣称,认为; assume 认为(观点的提出); allege 认为(断言,宣称)
assert 认为(没有证据的断言); claim 认为(声称)
argue 1.主张,认为;2.(口)争执,争论; 3. 支持/反对argue for/against
appreciate 理解,欣赏,增长;感激(口)
imagine 想象,翻译成认为; consider 考虑,翻译成认为
我认为用: believe; hold that...; be of the opinion that...
allocate
vt.分配,分发; be located in= be situated in 坐落于
allowance
n.零花钱,津贴,补贴; allow 允许; dress allowance;
a housing allowance 住房津贴; entertainment allowance 招待费
ally
v.结为联盟 n.同盟国,支持者; rely vi.依赖,依靠 rely on
alter
v.改变(部分,程度) alter one’s trousers
alternate v.轮流使用; adj.轮流的alternate kindness with severity 恩威并施
alternative n.替代物,选择余地,选择方法
have no alternative but to do别无选择do
vary vt.使多样化 vi.浮动 vary one’s diet 使自己的饮食多样化
vary from A to B; vary between A and B; variety n.多样化,多样性
range v.浮动,变动n.范围,领域range from A to B ; range between A and B
modify 改进 modify the law修订法律
convert (两种事物之间的)转变 convert some dollars into RMB;
convert defeat into victory 转败为胜; convert criminals 改造罪犯
altitude
n.海拔高度 attitude 态度; longitude 经度; latitude 纬度
amateur
adj.业余的an amateur player; professional adj.专业的 3.24
amaze
vt.使惊异 be/feel amazed; astonish vt.使惊愕 be/feel astonished
ambitious
adj.雄心壮志的,野心勃勃的; ambition n.抱负,雄心;野心
a soaring ambition 凌云壮志; a modest ambition 一个中庸的志向
amendment
n.修订,修正案; mend 修理 ; amend v.修订; repair 修理
bill议案→act法案→amendment修正案; a pair of; impair 损害
ample
adj.大量的,丰富的 abundant
amplify
v.扩大
amuse
vt.娱乐,使愉快; amusement n.娱乐;
Muse 缪斯(掌管音乐,诗歌的神); music 音乐
analysis
n.分析 analyze vt.分析
ancestor
n.祖先forebear =forefather= ancestor=predecessor 祖先,前辈
offspring=descendant=posterity后代,子孙; post doctorate 博士后学位
ancient
adj.古代的 antique 古董
anguish
n.痛苦,苦恼 agony, suffering; vt.使极苦闷vi.感到痛苦; angry n.生气
anniversary
n.周年纪念
annoy
vt.激怒,使苦恼 irritate provoke
annuity
n.年金,养老金 annual adj.每年的
anticipate
v.1提前做好准备(考); 2= expect预料,期待(不考)
I don’t anticipate/expect too much trouble./
A good general should be able to ancitipate the enemy’s actions.
anti- 1.反 anti-war 反战; 2.= ante-= an- 前面,提前
ancient ancestor ; anterior to 比…更早,在…前面=prior to
superior to 级别的高于,优于; inferior to 低于,劣于
posterior to 在…后面,较晚的
apparatus
n.1一套仪器,一套装置a heating apparatus 一套供暖设备
2.器官=organ; digestive apparatus/organ消化器官
instrument 1科学仪器2乐器intricate/delicate instruments 复杂/精密
utensil 器皿,厨房器具 kitchen utensils; equipment 装备(集合n.)
appliance 电器household appliances 家电; apparatus 成套的仪器
3.25
apparent
adj.1表面的apparent indifference 表面的冷漠;
2明显的apparent difference 明显的不同
appear v.1看上去,似乎(=be)2出现; It is apparent to us that...
transparent adj.透明的
appeal
vi.appeal to 1.对…有感染力/吸引力; 2.诉诸,求助于3.呼吁,请求
Shakespeare’s works appeal to us a lot. 莎士比亚的作品对我们很有感染力
appeal to the law/arms 诉诸法律/武力;
appeal to the judge for mercy 请求法官给予怜悯
resort to/turn to/appeal to 求助于
coch 公鸡 peacock 雄孔雀; hen 母鸡 peahen 雌孔雀
chick peachick 小孔雀
appetite
n.胃口,欲望 pet 宠物; appetizer 饭前开胃菜; dessert 饭后甜点
have an appetite for 有…的欲望
applause
n.鼓掌,掌声; plausible adj.有理由的,合理的; applaud v.鼓掌
appliance
n.电器 apply 应用
applicable
adj.适用的,可应用的;
apply apply for a visa 申请签证; apply to teaching/practice 应用于
applicant n.申请者; application n.申请;
applicable adj.适用的,可应用的; be applicable to
apply oneself to +n. 忙于…; apply one’s energies to +n. 忙于…
appoint
vt.1任命2约定,约会; appoint sb to a vacancy; appoint a time/a place
appointment n.1任命; 2约会(date 男女约会)
have an appointment with sb.
disappoint vt.使失望; disappointment n.失望3.27
appraisal
n.评价,评估; appraise vt.评价,评估;
to appraise sb’s achievements/performance 评价sb的成就/表现
praise vt.n.赞扬,赞美; estimate 估计
assess 评价; asset 资产; possess 拥有 possessions 财产
to assess sb’s assets/possessions; evaluate 评价 value 价值
appreciate
vt. 1.理解 I appreciate your anxiety about your son’s illness.我很理解你的焦虑
2.增值 preci-=price; precious=valuable 宝贵的; invaluable 无价的
depreciate 贬值
3.感激appreciate sth; I appreciate your help a lot.(不能接人)
4.欣赏,鉴赏 to appreciate English poems.
approach
v.接近 approach to sb; Winter is approaching.
an approachable teacher 和蔼可亲的老师
make approaches to sb 追求sb,设法博得sb的好感
appropriate
adj.适当的,恰当的(文); on an appropriate occasion 适当的场合; vt.挪用
proper adj.适当的,恰当的(口语); property n.财产,所有权
approve
vi.同意,许可approve of sb’s marriage ; vt.批准,通过
agree to/with; consent to
apt
adj.1聪明的,敏捷的 an apt student;2有…趋势的,倾向于…的be apt to do
opt vi.opt for E as my major
adopt 采取,接受;领养; adapt 使适应
arise
vi.出现 arose arisen; appear= come up= spring up= turn up= emerge出现
A new difficult has arisen at the meeting.
rise vi. rose risen 上升; raise vt.升起,使出现
arouse
vt.激起,引起=cause; arouse sb’s indignation 义愤;
arouse sb’s suspicion 怀疑; arouse sb’s concern 关注
array
n.系列 an array of books一套图书; of its own accord 自愿的,自发的.
A series of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord;
一系列的环境使正义能够自发的产生作用.
a set of; a train of; a succession of; a sequence of; an array of; a series of
arrest
n.v.逮捕
arrogant
adj.高傲的
article
n.1.文章2.物品
artificial
adj.人工的,非自然的,假的; artificial flowers/leather 假花/人造革
artificial satellite 人造卫星; natural 自然的; counterfeit 假钞
fake adj.假的,伪劣的,仿冒的v.伪造
forged 假的 a forged diploma假文凭; sham adj.假的,伪造的
fabricated adj.捏造的,编造的 a fabricated story 编造的报导
piratical 盗版的 pirate n.海盗vt.盗版; simulate vt.模拟,仿造
genuine 真正的 genuine leather真皮
ascend
v.上升; ascend the stairs; ascend the throne 登基
ancestor祖先; descend 下降 descendant 后代
ashamed
adj.羞愧的 be ashamed of; be acustomed to doing 习惯于
sham adj.假的,伪造的,仿冒的; shame n.羞耻;
shameful adj.可耻的(行为); a shameful cheat on exams
shameless adj.无耻的(人)
be sure/afraid/certain/ashamed/confident/convinced/envious/contemptuous of
主观感受形容词用 of 4.4
aspect
n.方面 -spect 看; respect n.方面 vt.尊重; expect 期待
inspect 检查,视察; prospect 前景,前途; introspect 内省;retrospect 回顾;
spectacle 景观; spectacles 眼镜; spectator 观众 viewer/audience
spectacular adj.壮观的; perspective 观点
assault
vi.(猛烈的)攻击; attack vi.进攻,攻击; raid vi.袭击;
assault/attack/raid on sb
assembly
n.(人)集合,集会,大会; sem-=sim-=same;
be similar to相似的; simulate模拟;
the freedom of assembly集会的自由; the General Assembly联和国大会
an assembly line/shop 生