高中英语必修5重点短语及句型资料.doc

高中英语必修5重点短语及句型精品文档Book 5 Unit 1 Great ScientistsPart 1 课文知识点归纳收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除 1. put forward 提出 put off 推迟 put up with 忍受2. attend to 照顾, 护理3. cure sb. of sth 治愈某人某种疾病 a cure for 治疗法(药)4. challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做 challenge sb. to sth. 就某事向某人挑战5. be absorbed in 全神贯注于 = concentrate on6. suspect sb. of sth 怀疑某人做某事 suspect that7. blame sb. for sth. 为某事责怪某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人8. link sth to把与连接起来, 使有联系9. instruct sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 instruct sb in sth 在某方面教导某人10. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求 be strict in sth. 对某事严格要求11. lead to 造成, 导致, 通向12. make sense 讲得通, 有意义 make sense of 了解的意义, 理解13. put sth. in order 按顺序来整理14. draw a conclusion 得出结论15. of ones day 在某人的那个时期16. expose to 使显露, 暴露17. apart from 除之外18. be cautious about / of 对小心谨慎with caution 小心谨慎19. be severe with sb. 对严厉20. lift up 举起21. look into 调查22. be determined to do sth 决心/ 决定做某事23. make investigations 进行调查24. take in 吸收, 欺骗25. come to an end 结束26. punish sb for sth. 因某事惩罚某人27. at times 时而, 不时28. be for / against 支持/ 反对29. a link betweenand与间的联系/关联30. point of view 观点31. hold discussions 进行讨论32. to ones surprise 使某人感到惊奇的是33. believe in 信任, 信仰, 相信34. prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事35. in ones honor / in honor of sb.为了纪念某人句型: 1. It seemed that the water was to blame. be to blame 受责罚 (主动形式表被动) 2. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. have sth done 请某人来做某事 / 遭遇,经历,体验 3. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined.suggest 意为”建议”时, 宾语从句谓语动词应使用虚拟.4. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.suggest 意为”认为, 指出, 提出, 暗示”时, 宾语从句谓语动词则使用陈述语气5. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.Only + 状语 / 状语从句 位于句首, 主句需用倒装If only “如果就好了”, 后接虚拟条件句.选词填空(1) I wake up _ the alarm clock rings(2) _ John were here with us!(3) _ I get a job can I have enough money to continue my studies at college.6. He placed a fix sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.with 的复合结构 (with + 宾语 + 宾补)Book 5 Unit 2 The United KingdomPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. consist of = be made up of 由组成make up 组成, 编造, 化妆2. get all five questions right五个问题全答对了3. divide into 把分成separatefrom 把分离, 分开4. refer to 提到,涉及,参考,指的是5. without conflict 没有纷争6. in the early / middle / late twentieth century 在二十世纪早期/ 中叶/ 后期7. break away (from) 脱离8. to ones credit 为带来荣誉, 值得赞扬9. for convenience 为了方便起见10. in the 1060s 在十一世纪六十年代11. find evidence of 找到的证据12. keep your eyes open 睁大眼睛13. make your trip enjoyable and worthwhile 使得你的旅程有趣又值得14. leave out 省去, 遗漏, 不考虑15. take the place of = take ones place 取代16. break down 机器损坏, 破坏17. be unwilling to do 不乐意做18. sb. be familiar with sth. 某人对熟悉 sth. be familiar to sb. 某物对是熟悉的19. a furnished house with all modern conveniences 一套有各种现代设施的配有家具的房子20. be alike in 在方面类似21. pick up 拾起, 养成习惯, 学到22. wear the four-hundred-year-old uniform 穿着一件有四百年历史的制服23. in memory of 为了纪念24. just as 正当的时候25. have a photo taken (have sth. done) 拍照26. on show 被展出27. feel / be proud of 为感到骄傲28. leave for 离开前往29. fall asleep 睡着30. have problems in doing 做某事遇到麻烦31. at one time 曾经32. break down 打破, 分解33. be delighted with 对感到高兴34. take place 发生,举行35. at this / that time 在此时/ 在那时36. at war (with) 处于交战状态37. be friendly to 对友好38. change ones mind 改变主意39. be disappointed at 对感到失望40. come close to 接近41. took flight (take flight 703) 逃跑, 飞翔 (乘坐703次航班)42. start the fire 点火, 放火43. make into 把职称, 使转变为句型: 1. How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport? it takes sb. sometime to do sth. 花了某人多少时间做某事2. These cities are not as large as those in China.A 是B的三倍长: 1) _ 2) _ 3) _3. Its a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. built in the nineteenth century 过去分词短语作后置定语修饰cities Its a pity that “遗憾的是” 常使用陈述语气; 若是跟虚拟语气, 常表示 “竟然, 居然”等强烈的感情色彩. 句型翻译 他错过了这次机会, 真是可惜 _ 真可惜, 他竟然错过了这样好的一个机会. _4. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.Worried about the time available 过去分词短语作原因状语5. This solid, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.remained standing 仍旧矗立着, remain 是一个系动词, 表示”一直保持着某种状态”remain还可以作不及物动词, 意为”剩下, 留下”6. There followed St. Pauls Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.There followed接下来的是7. It seemed strange that the man who has developed communism should have lived and died in London.Its strange / natural / important / necessary that + (should do) Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the futurePart 1 课文知识点归纳1. make a deep / strong impression on sb.给某人留下深刻印象impress sb with sth = impress sth on sb 使某人记住某事2. take up 拿起,占用,接受,开始,从事,选修speed up 加速sweep up 打扫,横扫,掠过3. remind sb of sth 使某人回想起某事/提醒某人某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事remind sb that 提醒某人4. as a result 结果5. suffer from 遭受,患病6. be similar to 和相似7. feel sleepy 感到困倦8. fall fast asleep 睡得很香9. the / a lack of 缺乏for lack of由于的缺乏be lacking in 缺乏(品质/特点)lack for(否定句) 缺乏10. in no time / in an instant 很快,立即11. be back on ones feet (从病痛/挫折中)复原12. in all directions 四面八方13. ab. lose / catch sight of 看不见/看见sb / sth be in / out of sight 看得见/看不见at first sight 第一眼at the sight of 一看见就14. provide A with B 向A提供B15. lie relaxed 放松16. be previous to 早于17. have little oxygen left 剩下很少的氧气have twenty minutes left 剩下二十分钟18. for health reasons 处于健康原因19. bend the rules 变通,放宽20. on earth 究竟,到底21. be under repair在维修中22. make adjustments to 调节,适应23. fasten the safety belt 从系紧安全带24. from under the floor 从下25. stay long 停留,逗留26. in space 在太空27. the up-to-date invention 最新的发明28. environment friendly 环保29. dispose of 处理,解决30. be greedy for / to do sth. 渴望,贪婪31. programme robots 为机器人设计程序32. perform tasks 完成工作33. space settlements 太空定居点34. have the chance of 有的机会35. be described as 被描述为36. be equipped with 配备有37. without permission 未经允许38. feed into 输入进39. top-of-the-range 最高标准的, 顶级的40 slide into 溜进,滑进句型: 1. Below are some of the main aspects of life today.2. My new surroundings are difficult to tolerate.3. The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen leftas though引导方式状语从句句型翻译 她看起来似乎会把这件事告诉所有人 _似乎你是对的 _4. I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large marketwhen 引导时间状语从句中又包含一个what引起的宾语从句.即:what looked like a large market 作reach的宾语5. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. exhausted过去分词在句中作状语, 相当于As I was exhausted.6. This is similar to the “Jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.并列分句中包含有句型: It seems (that)意为”似乎, 看来”Book 5 Unit 4 Making the newsPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. be delighted at / with sth. 对某事感到高兴be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事be delighted + that从句2. go out on a story 外出采访3. cover a story 进行新闻采访4. be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事be eager for sth 渴望某事5. assist (sb.) in / with sth 帮助/救援/协助某人做某事assist (sb.) in doing sthassist (sb.) to do sth6. concentrate on 集中,全神贯注于7. have a good nose for 嗅觉灵敏, 善于8. inform sb of sth 告知某人某事9. keep sth in mind 记住10. depend on 依赖,取决于11. get sth. straight 搞清楚,弄明白12. accuse sb of sth 因某事而指责或控告某人13. so as to do sth. 为了做某事14. stop sb. (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事15. look forward to (doing) sth 期待某事16. by accident意外地17. get / be adsorbed in 专心于18. defend sb. against保卫某人免受19. by the name of 名叫20. set to + n. 着手,开始做某事 set out to do sth. 开始, 着手做某事 set about doing sth. 21. pass sth on to sb. 把某人递给某人22. last of all 最终23. make an appointment 约会 make appointments24. be supposed to 应当,认为必须25. approve of sb. sth 赞成,称许,批准26. a trick of the trade 诀窍,窍门 play a trick (tricks) on sb. 捉弄,戏弄某人27. take notes 记录,记下28. ahead of 在前面,先于句型: 1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspapernever为表示否定含义的副词放在句首引起倒装.2. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took am amateur course at university to update my skills.not onlybut also引导的倒装句. not only放在句首,后接句子, 用倒装结构3. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.Only + 状语(单词/短语/从句)放句首,引起倒装. (若only + 状从, 主句谓语动词倒装)句型翻译 只有你才可以到处走动 _只有每个人都尽力而为, 我们的城市才会变得更美. _4. Here comes my list of dogs and donts.here, there, now, then等副词放在句首用倒装句(完全倒装)5. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?当先行词为case, stage, situation, point时, 多用where引导定语从句Book 5 Unit 5 First aidPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. fall in 生病 2. get injured / burned / infected受伤 / 烧伤 / 受感染3. do / give / offer first aid to sb.对某人实施急救4. if possible 有可能的话5. be taken from 从.节选6. act as 充当，担任7. a barrier against. 抵御.的一道屏障8. prevent.from doing sth 阻止.做某事9. sense of touch 触觉10. a variety of 各种各样的11. depend on. 取决于12. within a day or two 在一两天内13. for a moment 片刻14. electric shock 触电15. turn white 变白16. squeeze out 榨出；挤出17. over and over again 多次18. in place 在适当的位置19. sit up 做起来；迟睡熬夜20. knock over 撞到；打翻21. cut off 切掉；使隔绝22. a number of 许多23. stick to 坚持；黏在.上24. apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请.apply to sth 适用于apply oneself to 专心从事.25. make a difference 产生区别，有影响26. protect.against. 保护.免受.27. in case 如果；万一；以免28. after use 使用后29. out of the reach of sb. / out of ones reach 某人够不着的地方30. leave sb. alone 让某人独自呆着；不打扰31. cause a damage to 对.造成损害32. set.fire on 放火烧33. in good condition 状况良好句型: 1. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the born. unless 引导条件状语从句，意思是“除非.；如果不”，相当于if not 2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. when在句中是并列连词，意思是“正在这时/那时”， 常见句型: be doing.when.，正在做.这时.；had done.when.刚做完.这时.；be about to do.when.就要.这时.；be on the point of doing.when.正要做.这时. 句型翻译 正当我在街上乱逛之时, 我看见了一位老朋友. _ 我正准备去游泳, 突然我们的向导看见了我并大声叫我. _3. There is no doubt that Johns quick thingking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms. Sladess life. There is no doubt.(= No doubt that) 毫无疑问. 句型翻译 毫无疑问, 我们将很快实施这个计划. _ 4. It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms. Slades life. 本句为强调句型。It is / was+被强调部分+that+句子其余部分