新视野大学英语三unit8sectionA市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

NewHorizonCollegeEnglishBook3NewHorizonCollegeEnglishBook3新视野大学英语新视野大学英语新视野大学英语新视野大学英语3 3 3 3SchoolofForeignStudiesSchoolofForeignStudies 外国语学院外国语学院外国语学院外国语学院Li XixinLi Xixin第1页Warming UP第2页1.DO you know the Man and the sheep?第3页2.How was Dolly cloned?第4页3.How many animals have been Cloned?第5页4.How is a baby born traditionally?In traditional reproduction,a child gets half its genes from its MOTHER(in her egg)and half from its FATHER(in his sperm).ZYGOTE受精卵受精卵 SPERM精子精子 EMBRYO胚胎胚胎第6页5.HOW IS A HUMAN BEING CLONED?第7页Unit8Section ALegal and Moral Implications of Cloning第8页Contents Assignments Activity Structure and Writing Device Passage Reading New Words第9页Examples:1.I resent your implication that my work is unsatisfactory.2.I know that the company is cutting back its spending,but Im not sure what the implications are for our department.1.implication n.somethingthatissuggested；含义；暗示含义；暗示C(usu.pl.)apossibleeffectorresult|可能影响（或后果）可能影响（或后果）I.New WordsI.New Words含义；暗示含义；暗示可能影响可能影响第10页2.plain adv.1)usedtoemphasizeanadj.oradv.Usuallyreferringtoabadquality 2)clearlyvisible;simpleI.New WordsI.New WordsJane was just plain silly to have given your QQ number to him.简把你简把你QQ号给他，简直傻透了。号给他，简直傻透了。The meaning of the sentence is very plain.这句句子意思十分清楚这句句子意思十分清楚 Example第11页3.generate vt.causesomethingtoexist;produceI.New WordsI.New WordsExample我们希望这笔投资带来更高收入我们希望这笔投资带来更高收入 We hope the investment may generate higher incomes 第12页4.mount vi.increaseinamountordegreeI.New WordsI.New WordsExample伴随儿童节临近，孩子们越来越兴奋。伴随儿童节临近，孩子们越来越兴奋。The childrens excitement is mounting as the Childrens Day is approaching.第13页5.intact pleteandnotdamagedI.New WordsI.New WordsExample内放精巧物品包裹完好无损地抵达。内放精巧物品包裹完好无损地抵达。The delicate package arrived intact.第14页6.resemble vt.lookorbealikeesp.inappearance I.New WordsI.New WordsExample你非常像你母亲。你非常像你母亲。You resemble your mother very closely.第15页7.deliberate adj.doingsomethingonpurposeI.New WordsI.New WordsExampleThe group decided to commit several acts of deliberate violence.|这伙人打算制造几起蓄意暴力事件。这伙人打算制造几起蓄意暴力事件。第16页Contents Assignments Post-Reading Structure and Writing Device Passage Reading New Words第17页Main idea of the text:When a world with human clones was suddenly within reach,peoples reactions to it were strong and varied.They puzzled over a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that had arisen from cloning.第18页Part I(Para.1):Problem Part II(Para.2-3):ResponsesPart III(Para.4-18):Listing of puzzlessPart IV(Para.18):Reiteration（重申法）（重申法）writing device:listing&discussionThe world was suddenly brought into the reality of human cloning with the success of cloning an adult mammal.This part offers complete or partial answers,from the up-to-date knowledge,to the six questions on the legal and moral implications of cloning.This part is intended to reaffirm the authors opinion that,although the list of questions could go on,people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.This part is about the worlds strong and immediate responses in the wake of Wilmuts announcement.第19页Contents Assignments Activity Structure and Writing Device Passage Reading New Words第20页Part I (Para.1):EventPassage ReadingA.Language pointsB.Questions第21页Part I Event:the success of cloning an adult mammalthe success of cloning an adult mammalLegal and Moral Implications of CloningPara.1 Para.1 At first it was just plain surprising.Word last week that a scientist named Ian Wilmut had succeeded in cloning an adult mammal-an achievement long thought impossible-caught the imagination of everyone.The laboratory process that produced Dolly,an unremarkable-looking sheep,theoretically would work for humans as well.A world with human clones was suddenly within reach.It was science fiction coming to life.When people heard about Dolly,what did they think was within reach?第22页A.Language points1.within reach:1).achievable,attainable可取得可取得2).closeenoughtoreach够得着够得着The low-cost mobile phone puts instant communication withinreach of millions.低成本手机使数百万人能进行即时交流。低成本手机使数百万人能进行即时交流。Put the dictionary withinmyreach.请把辞典放在我够得着地方。请把辞典放在我够得着地方。Example第23页A.Language points2.fiction:n.Ustoriesaboutimaginarypeopleandevents小说小说 He was a very successful writer of childrens fiction.他是一位极成功儿童小说作家。他是一位极成功儿童小说作家。I prefer light fiction to all those serious novels.我更喜欢读轻松小说，而不是那些严厉小说。我更喜欢读轻松小说，而不是那些严厉小说。Example第24页A.Language e to life be alive or vivid 活跃起来；栩栩如生活跃起来；栩栩如生 He made the ghost story come to life.他把那个鬼故事讲得活灵活现他把那个鬼故事讲得活灵活现 At school he was a very quiet boy;it was only after he went to college that he came to life.上中小学时候，他还是个平静孩子，只是上了大学之后他才活上中小学时候，他还是个平静孩子，只是上了大学之后他才活跃起来。跃起来。Example第25页Part II (Para.2-3):ResponsesPassage ReadingA.Language pointsB.Questions第26页Part II Responses Responses 1.President Clinton ordered;2.Leaders in Europe beganParas.2-3Paras.2-3 In the wake of Wilmuts announcement,governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown,a future filled with incredible possibilities.President Clinton ordered a national commission to study the legal and moral implications of cloning.Leaders in Europe,where most nations already prohibit human cloning,began examining the moral implications of cloning other species.Like the Theory of Relativity,the splitting of the atom,and the first space flight,Dollys appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists,politicians,and philosophers.And wild questions on the topic of cloning continue to mount.What did the American government react to cloning?How did leaders in Europe react to cloning?第27页1.in the wake of happeningafteraneventorasaresultofit伴随伴随.而来；作而来；作为为.结果结果 ExampleThere were a lot of fallen trees inthewakeof the storm.暴风雨之后，很多树倒了。暴风雨之后，很多树倒了。The president submitted resignation in the wake of a scandal.总统在丑闻曝光后提出辞职总统在丑闻曝光后提出辞职A.Language points第28页2.draft guidelines for:为为起草指导方针起草指导方针ExampleA.Language pointsDrafta proposal and we can discuss it at the meeting before any decisions are made.先起草一份提案，然后开会讨论一下再做决定。先起草一份提案，然后开会讨论一下再做决定。第29页Passage ReadingPart III (Para 4-18):Six puzzlesA.Language pointsB.Questions第30页Part III Puzzle 1 Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place?Paras.4-5 Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place?The human cloning situations that experts consider most frequently fall into two broad categories:1)parents who want to clone a child,either to provide transplants for a dying child or to replace that child,and 2)adults who for a variety of reasons might want to clone themselves.Why would anyone want to clone a human being?第31页1.in the first place2.1)atfirst;atthebeginning一开始；起初一开始；起初3.2)firstly|首先，第一首先，第一ExampleHow did life arise in the first place?生命最初是怎样起源？生命最初是怎样起源？In the first place,we must build up confidence.首先首先,我们必须建立自信。我们必须建立自信。A.Language points第32页2.fall into bedividedinto;belongto可分成；属于可分成；属于ExampleThe book falls into the class of childrens stories.这本书属于儿童故事一类。这本书属于儿童故事一类。A.Language points第33页Part III Puzzle 2 Will it be possible to clone the dead?Paras.6-7Paras.6-7 Will it be possible to clone the dead?Perhaps,if the body is fresh,says one expert.The cloning method used by Wilmuts lab requires combining an egg cell with the nucleus of a cell containing the DNA of the person to be cloned.(DNA is a very long,ribbon-like molecule that contains our genetic information.)And that means that the nucleus must be intact.Cells die and the cell nucleus begins to break apart after death.But,yes,in theory at least it might be possibleCan the dead be cloned in the future?第34页1.nucleus2.C(pl.nuclei)thecentralpartofalivingcell细胞核细胞核ExampleDo you think this transplanted nucleus will support the normal development of the egg?你认为这个被移植细胞核有利于该卵正常发育吗？你认为这个被移植细胞核有利于该卵正常发育吗？A.Language points第35页Part III Puzzle 3 Would a cloned human be identical to the original?Paras.8-9Paras.8-9 Would a cloned human be identical to the original?Identical genes dont produce identical people,as anyone who knows a set of identical twins can tell you.In fact,twins are more alike than clones would be,since they have at least shared the same environment within the mother,are usually raised in the same family,and so forth.Parents could clone a second child who resembled their first in appearance,but all the evidence suggests the two would have very different personalities.Twins separated at birth do sometimes share personality characteristics,but such characteristics in a cloned son or daughter would only be reminders of the child who was lost.Why are twins more alike than clones?第36页1.be identical to/with 2.exactlythesameas与与.一模一样一模一样ExampleI cant see any difference between these two pens.They simply look identicalto each other.我看不出这两支笔有什么不一样。我看不出这两支笔有什么不一样。My opinion is identicalwith his.我意见和他一样。我意见和他一样。A.Language points第37页Part III Puzzle 3 Would a cloned human be identical to the original?Para.10Para.10 Even in terms of biology,a clone would not be identical to the“master copy”.The clones cells,for example,would have energy-processing machinery that came from the egg,not from the person who was cloned.But most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor that detection of them would require a sophisticated laboratory.The one possible exception is bearing children.Wilmut and his coworkers are not sure that Dolly will be able to have lambs.They will try to find out once shes old enough to breed.What are the Dolly researchers unsure of?第38页1.in terms ofadv.依据依据,按照按照,用用.话话,在在.方面方面ExampleHe thought of everything in terms of money.他是从钱角度来看每一件事。他是从钱角度来看每一件事。The figures are expressed in terms of a percentage/in percentage terms 那些数字是以百分数表示那些数字是以百分数表示.A.Language points第39页1.machinery n.1)Asystemofrelatedelementsthatoperateinadefinablemanner体系体系,机构机构 2)machinesormachinepartsconsideredasagroup机器机器或机器机器机器或机器零件总称零件总称Examplethe machinery of government政府机构政府机构machinery for dealing with complaints处理申诉机构处理申诉机构The machinery in the factory consists of several different kinds of machines.工厂里机械设备包含许各种不一样机器。工厂里机械设备包含许各种不一样机器。A.Language points第40页Part III Puzzle 4 What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs?Paras.11-12Paras.11-12 What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs?Most experts agree that it would be psychologically harmful if a child sensed he had been brought into the world simply as an organ donor.But some parents already produce second children with nonfatal transplants in mind,and many experts do not oppose this.Cloning would increase the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent.Why do some parents want to save their fatally ill child through cloning?第41页Part III Puzzle 4 What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs?Para.13Para.13 If cloned animals could be used as organ donors,we wouldnt have to worry about cloning twins for transplants.Pigs,for example,have organs similar in size to humans.But the human body attacks and destroys tissue from other species.To get around that,one company is trying to alter the pigs genetic code to prevent pig organs from being attacked.If the companys technicians succeed,it may be more efficient to produce such pigs by cloning than by current methods.Why might pigs be cloned and used as organ donors?第42页1.What if.2.Whatwouldhappenif.要是要是.怎么办怎么办ExampleWhat if your plan doesnt work?要是你计划不论用怎么办？要是你计划不论用怎么办？What if we go and see a film tomorrow night?明天晚上我们去看电影怎么样明天晚上我们去看电影怎么样?A.Language points第43页2.with.in mind whilethinkingaboutsb.orsth.考虑到某人（事考虑到某人（事)Example Mary is studying hard with a good grade in mind.玛丽因心中想得高分正用功学习。The Movie Garfield hit theaters with one goal in mind:cracking wise.加菲猫在影院公映只有一个目:逗乐。A.Language points第44页3.to get around tofindawayofdealingwithaproblem成功地处理；克服成功地处理；克服Example Can we get around this issue?我们能避开这个话题我们能避开这个话题There are several ways to get around this problem.处理这个问题有几个方式。处理这个问题有几个方式。A.Language points第45页Part III Puzzle 5 How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA?Paras.14-15Paras.14-15 How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA?“Mom”is not right,because the woman or women who supplied the egg and gave birth to the infant would more appropriately be called Mother.“Dad”isnt right,either.A traditional father supplies only half the DNA in a child.Judith Martin,in her writings under the name of“Miss Manners”,suggests the phrase,“Most honored sir or madam”.Why?“One should always respect ones ancestors,”she says,“regardless of what they did to bring one into the world.”How would a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA?第46页Part III Puzzle 6 What are the other implications of cloning for society?Paras.16 Paras.16 That still leaves some confusion over vocabulary.The editorial director of one dictionary says that the noun“clonee”may sound like a good term,but its not clear enough.Instead,he prefers“original”and“copy”.Paras.17-18Paras.17-18 What are the other implications of cloning for society?What is the greatest concern about human cloning?第47页We had referredto him as a dear friend.我们称他为亲爱朋友。我们称他为亲爱朋友。In his speech,he referredto his recent trip to London.在他讲话中，他提到他最近伦敦之旅。在他讲话中，他提到他最近伦敦之旅。1.refer to2.1).useaparticularword,expression,ornametomentionordescribesb.orsth.称呼，叫称呼，叫3.2).mentionaparticularsubjectorperson|提及，谈到提及，谈到ExampleA.Language points第48页He is more concerned about others than about himself.他关心他人比关心自己还重。他关心他人比关心自己还重。2.be concerned about beworriedabout;careaboutExampleA.Language points第49页A fire is comparablewith the sun;both give light and heat.火能够和太阳相比，火能够和太阳相比，二者均可放出光和热。二者均可放出光和热。No horse has a speed comparableto that of his.没有一匹马速度能比得上他马。没有一匹马速度能比得上他马。Man and ape have comparable anatomies.人类与人猿有类似结构。人类与人猿有类似结构。2.Be comparable to 1)admittingofcomparisonwithanotherorothers可相比可相比（with）;比得上（比得上（to）2)similarorequivalent相同或相当相同或相当ExampleA.Language points第50页I spent hours puzzlingover the theme of the poem.我对这首诗主题想了几个小时。我对这首诗主题想了几个小时。I puzzledover his intention,not knowing what I should do.我苦苦思索他专心，不知道自己该怎么办。我苦苦思索他专心，不知道自己该怎么办。3.puzzle over thinkhardabout;findtheanswerbythinkinghard绞尽脑汁；冥绞尽脑汁；冥思苦想思苦想ExampleA.Language points第51页Part IV(Para.19):Passage ReadingA.Language pointsB.QuestionsReiteration（重申法）（重申法）第52页Part IV Reiteration（重申法）（重申法）The gravest concern isnt really cloning itself,but genetic engineeringthe deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements.Specifically,some experts are concerned about the creation of a new(and disrespected)social class:“the clones”.One expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century,when Europeans puzzled over how to classify the unfamiliar inhabitants of the Americas,and endlessly debated whether or not they were humans.Para 19 The list of questions could go on;people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.第53页That remark made me wonder about his innocence.那种话使我对他清白感到怀疑。那种话使我对他清白感到怀疑。Do you often wonder about the future of the world?你时常考虑世界未来吗你时常考虑世界未来吗?1.wonder about thinkaboutsth.inorder