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小学五年级上册语法知识点(句型转换练习)
1. She is quiet.(改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
2. He is very tall.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
3. Is Mr. Smith tall and strong?(作肯定回答) ______________________________
4. Is Mr. Carter tall?(作否定回答)______________________________
5. She is young. She is pretty.(合并为一句) ______________________________
6. Is she active?(作否定回答) ______________________________
7. She’s very kind and pretty.(对划线部分提问) _____________________________
8. That young lady is our principal.(对划线部分提问) ________________________
9. Today is Saturday.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
10. We have Chinese and math on Wednesday.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________
11. Is she young?(作否定回答)(根据提示完成句子)______________________________
12. 他又高又瘦。(汉译英)______________________________
13. I like vegetables.(改为否定句) ______________________________
14. I would like the orange juice.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
15. Are the apples sour?(作否定回答) ______________________________
16. Sarah: What do you like? Mike: I like peaches.
用第三人称转述这组对话。(汉语提示: 迈克喜欢什么?)
(1) ________________________(汉语提示:迈克喜欢桃子。)(2) _________________________
17. Pork is my favourite food.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
18. Can you play chess?(作肯定回答) ______________________________
19. He can do the dishes.(改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
20. I can put away the clothes.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
21. Can you set the table?(作否定回答) ______________________________
22. There is a big closet.(改为否定句) ______________________________
23. There are blue curtains.(改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
24. Is this your bedroom?(改为复数形式) ______________________________
25. I can see a mirror on the wall.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
26. The shelf is near the desk.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
27. Is this your bedroom?(作肯定回答) ______________________________
28. There are two curtains.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
29. It’s a new desk.( 对划线部分提问) ______________________________
30. Is it a walkman?(作否定回答) ______________________________
31. There is a small house in my village.(改为复数形式) ______________________________
32. Is there a lake?(作否定回答) ______________________________
33. There are some buildings in our school.(改为一般疑问句) _____________________________
34. I can run on the grass.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
35. I like this park.(改为否定句) ______________________________
36. There are some tall buildings in the city.(改为一般疑问句) _____________________________
37. Is there a river in your village?(作肯定回答) ______________________________
38. There is a bridge in my village.(改为复数形式) ______________________________
39. 不,没有。(翻译成英文)______________________________
40. I like my village.(改为否定句) ______________________________
41. Are there any pandas in the mountains?(作否定回答) ______________________________
42. There is a village.(改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
43. The flowers are red.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
44. Are there any buildings in the village?(作否定回答) ______________________________
45. There are some small houses in my village.(改为一般疑问句) __________________________
46. Is the air clean?(作否定回答) ______________________________
47. He is our math teacher.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
48. I can water the flowers.(改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
49. I’d like some eggplants.( 改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
50. we have English, science, computer and P.E. on Monday.(对划线部分提问) ____________________________________________________________
51. It’s Friday.(对划线部分提问) ______________________________
52. There is a student in the room.(改为复数句子) ______________________________
53. What’s she like?(年轻又漂亮) ______________________________
54. He’s tall and thin.(改为一般疑问句) ______________________________
55. Are they young?(作肯定回答) ______________________________
英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则:
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例:friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces
二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
读音变化:统一加读[iz]。
例:bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes box →boxes; watch →watches; actress →actresses; class →classes; coach(长途车) →coaches; dress →dresses; sandwich →sandwiches; toothbrush →toothbrushes; waitress(女侍者) →waitresses
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:candy→candies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories
strawberry →strawberries; baby →babies; puppy →puppies; library →libraries; dictionary →dictionaries; cherry →cherries; activity →activities
四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。 (有生命的加es,无生命的加s)
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; bingo(彩票式游戏)→bingoes
反例: piano→pianos(外来词); photo→photos;
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。
读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。
例:knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff(员工)→staves; scarf(围巾)→scarves
目前搜集的直接加s:roof-roofs, belief-beliefs, safe-safes,chief(负责人)-chiefs
这几个可变可不变: scarf-scarfs,
六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词),通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。
读音变化:尾音[Es]改读[ai],其中[kEs]要改读为[sai],[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。
例: abacus(算盘)→abaci; focus(焦点)→foci; cactus(仙人掌)→cacti;
七、部分单词的复数形式不变。
读音变化:保持原音。
例:fish→fish; sheep→sheep; cattle→cattle; deer→deer;
八、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。 读音变化:没有规律。
例:man→men; woman→women; child→children; person→people; ox→oxen foot →feet; goose →geese; mouse →mice; tooth →teeth;
九、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词
例:pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
十、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,
例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
十一、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词:
例:ox→oxen; child→children; brother(用于教堂)→brethren
十二、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词
例:analysis→analyses分析; basis→bases基础; datum→data数据; foot→feet; goose→geese; louse虱子→lice; man→men
mouse→mice; medium→media/mediums媒介; tooth→teeth; woman→women
英语专项测试名词复数(总分100分)
姓名: 分数:
一、请写出下列词的复数形式。(1’*50=50’)
city _____ _zoo ______country _____ tooth ____
mouse __ boy____________ broom ___________car ____
tree ______horse ______ bus______________ fox _____
branch ____ baby _____ family _____ dish _____
radio _____ photo _____ piano _____ knife _____
leaf _____ life _____ thief _____ _man _____
woman _____ child ___ foot this _____________ watch___________ diary____________ day____________ book____________
dress____________ sheep___________ tea_____________ box___________
strawberry_________ peach__________ sandwich__________ paper_________
juice__________ water____________ milk___________ rice__________
people CD ox___________deer____________ fish___________
二、单项选择 (1’*10=10’)
( )1. The __ in our yard are very beautiful.
A. cloth B. water C. flowers
( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.
A. boy B. boys C. boies
( )3. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it?
A. foots B. feet C. feets
( )4. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.
A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese
( )5. Can you see nine ____ in the picture?
A. fish B. book C. horse
( )6. The _____ has two______.
A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch
( )7. The _____ are flying back to their country.
A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
( )8. The girl brushes her _____ every day before she goes to bed.
A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths
( )9.I saw many _____ in the street.
A. peoples B.people C.people’s
( )10.The green sweater is his _________.
A.brother B.brothers C.brother’s
三、选择填空 (1’*10=10’)
( )1. They come from different ______
A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys
( )2. How many ______ do you see in the picture?
A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato
( )3. They are______.
A . woman teachers B. women teachers
C. women teacher D. woman teacher
( )4. Would you like _______ ,please?
A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water
C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters
( )5. Most of ______ live in _______.
A. Germans, German B. German, Germen
C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany
( )6. There are some ______ in these _______.
A. knifes pencil-boxes B. knives pencils-box
C. knives pencil-box D. knives pencils-boxes
( )7. ______ like ______ by air.
A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling
C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling
( )8. I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).
A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples
( )9. There is no ______ in the plate.
A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs
( )10.My uncle has three _______.
A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens
四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)
1. I have two____________ (knife)
2. There are many ___________ here. (box)
3. There are many ___________ on the road. (bus)
4. A few ___________ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5. The ______________ are playing football now. (child)
6. Please take two _______________ for me. (photo)
7. I like the red ________________.(tomato)
8. Would you please clean your _____________ now? (tooth)
9. Do you want some _________? (milk)
10. There are ten __________ _________in our school. (woman teacher)
答案:
一、请写出下列词的复数形式。(1’*50=50’)
cities zoos countries teeth
mice boys brooms cars
trees horses buses foxes
branches babies families dishes
radios photos pianos knives
leaves lives thieves men
women children feet these
watches diaries days books
dresses sheep teas boxes
strawberries peaches sandwiches papers
juice water milk rice
people CDs oxen deer fish
二、单项选择 (1’*10=10’)
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A
6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.C
三、选择填空 (1’*10=10’)
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D
6.D 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.C
四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)
1. knives 2.boxes 3.buses 4.boys 5.children
6.photos 7.tomatoes 8.teeth 9.milk 10.women teachers
五年级英语语法汇总
一、词类:
1、名词
⑴ 不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is
⑵ 名词复数如何加后缀:
各种不同情况
变化方法
例词
一般情况
直接加-s
book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds
以s. x. sh. ch结尾
加-es
bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes
watch-watches peach—peaches glass--glasses
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i,
再加-es
family-families study--studies
以“f或fe”结尾
变f或fe为v,再加-es
knife-knives
不规则名词复数
man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese
人称代词和物主代词 人称代词有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。
人称代词
物主代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
形容词性
形容词性
第一人称
I(我)
me
we(我们)
us
my(我的)
our(我们的)
第二人称
you(你)
you
you(你们)
you
your(你的)
your(你们的)
第三人称
he(他)
him
they
(他/她/它们)
them
his(他的)
their
(他/她/它们的)
she(她)
her
her(她的)
it(它)
it
it(它的)
3、指示代词
指近处
指远处
单数
this (这个)
that (那个)
复数
these(这些)
those(那些)
4、冠词有a、an、the。
a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u)前,a用于辅音音素前。
二、否定句:
be动词(am、is、are)+not、
情态动词can+ not、
助动词(do、does) + not
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:
1、看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。
2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。
3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤:
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does,根据人称(不是三单)或句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,人称(动词)是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,
(3)在助动词后加not。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any ---would like用some。
三、一般疑问句。
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句:
1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。
2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。
3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤:
(1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。
(2)确定助动词用do、does,根据人称(不是三单)或句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,人称(动词)是第三人称单数的助动词就用does,
(3)把助动词后提到句首。
(4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any ---would like委婉语气。
四、特殊疑问句。
表示疑问,有疑问词(在开头),回答有很多种可能。
常用疑问词:
疑问词
意思
用法
What time
什么时间
问具体时间,如几点钟
Who
谁
问人
Whose
谁的
问主人
Where
在哪里
问地点
What
什么
问东西、事物
What colour
什么颜色
问颜色
How old
多大年纪
问年纪
How many
多少数量(可数名词)
问数量
How much
多少钱;多少数量(不可数名词)
问多少钱或数量(不可数)
五、时态
1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时中的be动词:
一般用原形:am is are
am用于第一人称单数(I);
is用于第三人称单数(he she it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben his sister等);
are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the children 、 his parents等)。
(2)一般现在时中的动词:
第一种情况:主语是第三人称单数(he she it 和其他,如Helen 、her cousin 等),动词后一般加s或es。
第二种情况:主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。
(4)一般现在时判断依据(如何判断一个句子是一般现在时):
△be动词是am、is、are △动词用原形或加s、es
△没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间
2、现在进行时
(1)构成形式:Be动词+动词的ing形式
这里强调一点,两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。
(2)现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。
(3)有用的依据:一个句子中既有be动词,又有动词,且动词加了ing ←→ 该句是现在进行时
(4)句中往往有now、look、listen等词。
动词现在分词的变化见下表:
词尾情况
变化方式
例词
一般情况
加—ing
play玩—playing do做—doing
go去—going jump跳—jumping
sing唱—singing ski滑雪—skiing
see看见--seeing
以不发音的e结尾
去e加—ing
make做—making take拿到—taking
like喜欢—liking come来—coming
write写—writing dance跳舞—dancing
have有—having close关—closing
以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母
双写最后一个辅音字母再加—ing
swim游泳—swimming sit坐—sitting
run跑—running get得到—getting
put放—putting begin开始—beginning
jog慢跑—jogging
同音词: too---two----to buy---by I---eye four----for
there----their right----write sun----son no----know
here---hear who’s----whose
近义词: many----a lot of / lots of large----big desk----table
photo---picture lamp----light like----love
反义词或对应词:old----new go----come big----small
open----close black----white here----there
完整形式:let’s=let us(让我们) I’d=I would can’t=can not I’m=I am
词性变换:one(序数词) first monkey(复数)monkeys skiing(原形)ski
is(复数)are families(单数)family make(现在分词)making
we are(缩略形式)we’re do(第三人称单数)does have(第三人称单数)has
photo(复数)photos fat(反义词)thin
做题目时一定要记住:
can+动词原形 like+动词ing like+名词复数
play+足球类 play the +乐器类 how many +名词复数
would like +to+动词原形 let’s+动词原形现在进行时:be(am,is,are)+动词ing
动词第三人称单数形式
六、选择和用所给词适当形式填空
1. like + 动名词 如:like swimming
like + 名词的复数 如:like masks
2. go + 动名词 如:go climbing
3. How many + 名词复数 如: how many watches
4. different + 名词复数, 前面不要加the, 如:different countries
5. same 前加the , 后面一般跟单数,如: the same hobby
6. 序数词前一定加the ,如:the first day, the second son
7. 在几点用 at, 如 at 7 o’clock ,
在某一天或某一天的具体时间段用on ,如:on Sunday, on Sunday morning,
直接在早上、下午或晚上用in,如:in the morning
8. 动词后代词用宾格(动宾)如:join me
10.介词后代词用宾格(介宾)如:with him , to her, for them, about it
11.want to +动词原型 , would like to + 动原 , sorry to + 动原 ,forget to + 动原,
it’s time to + 动原,
12.情态动词can后面加动原,let’s 后加动原
13.祈使句中动词用原形(如Do your homewo
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