2021高考英语(课标通用)大二轮复习高考倒计时-第13天.docx

Ⅰ.常考句型
【句型1】 　The reason why＋句子．..is that＋句子“……的缘由是……”
仿写：我们必需种树的缘由是它们能供应我们新颖的空气。
①The reason why we have to plant trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
②The reason why we have to plant trees is that they can supply fresh air to us.
【句型2】　So＋形容词＋be＋主语＋that＋句子“如此……以致于……”
仿写：时间是如此贵重，我们铺张不起。
So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.
【句型3】 　adj.＋as＋Subject(主语) ＋be，S＋V...“虽然……”
仿写：虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活质量确定令人不满足。
Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
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正确率
说明文
热点话题
underemployment
5分钟
/5

The term“underemployment” has three related meanings.In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications(资格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.In the second sense，it means working part­time when one would prefer to be working full­time.In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing(人浮于事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.

All forms of underemployment have an effect on the economy and the health of the business community.Long­term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations.When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，using that number to judge the health of the job market.This number does not include part­time workers looking for full­time jobs，as they are considered employed，and it also doesn't reflect workers who are underpaid，considering their qualifications.
In the first sense，underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world.Many people with college degrees are working in low­level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.
The issue of part­time employment is also very serious.Some people are forced into part­time jobs，while others find themselves taking a part­time job because nothing else is available，even though they really need to work full­time.This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment，where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part­time staffs，rather than keeping a full staff at all times.
In the sense of shortage of workers，underemployment appears in a variety of situations.Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work，or to keep well­trained，qualified workers so that they will be available when needed.Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours，leading to a situation in which people report to work，but have nothing to do.
【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。低度就业或不充分就业不是指没有工作，经常指有着某种专业资格的人从事着非专业的工作，也指本应当从事全职工作，而实际在做临时工作，或者人浮于事的状态。本文给我们叙述的就是低度就业的三个层面及其形成缘由。

1．The purpose of the passage is .
A．to show underemployment is becoming more serious today
B．to imply women are laid off more than men
C．to explain the meaning of “underemployment”
D．to tell the present economic situations
解析　主旨大意题。全文在解释underemployment的含义，故选C。
答案　C
2．According to the text，underemployment means .
A．the same meaning as the word—unemployed
B．employees are not fully taken charge of
C．qualified workers get a low salary
D．people who do manual work for wages
解析　细节理解题。依据文章第一段对underemployment的解释：In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing in which employees are not being fully made use of.可知B正确。
答案　B
3．When it comes to unemployment statistics， .
A．the underpaid workers are included
B．it implies the people who are jobless
C．the part­time employees are included
D．it shows the employment situation of a country
解析　推理推断题。其次段的第三句When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，...由此推断失业统计则包含没有工作的人，故选B。
答案　B
4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 3nd and 4th paragraphs?
A．Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.
B．People with college degrees sometimes take a part­time job.
C．Part­time staffs seems to benefit from firms less.
D．Companies need full­time staffs indeed.
解析　细节理解题。虽然第三段提到了在发达国家低就业很常见，但是并没有说低就业仅发生在发达国家，由此可知A不符合文章的意义。误会分析：依据第三段其次句可知B正确；第四段的it cheaper to maintain and lay off part­time staffs说明C正确；依据even though they really need to work full­time可知D正确。
答案　A
5．Some companies maintain a full staff .
A．to compete with others in the future
B．to make preparations for seasonal work
C．to get the skilled workers paid
D．to obey labor laws and union pressures
解析　细节理解题。文章最终一段提到有些公司没有解雇员工是为季节性的工作做预备，由此可知B正确。
答案　B
【温馨提示】　underemployment n．不充分就业，未按专长就业 underpaid adj.少付工资的　full­time adj.全部时间的，专任的，全日制的　lay off 解雇，休息，停止工作　staff n．全体人员，全体职员
【长难句解读】
原文　In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.
译文　第一种意思是指一种情形，在这种情形中，一个有着优秀的从业资格的人在一个需要较少资格的岗位上工作，譬如一个律师开校车。
分析　该句结构较为简单。首先该句子中in which 引导了一个限制性定语从句，先行词为situation，也可以用where来引导该定语从句；再次，在该定语从句中又包含有that引导的定语从句，that作定语从句中的主语，不能省略。
B
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天气
winter
6分钟
/5

In the winter months—December，January and February—the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0℃.However，in some parts of Canada，such as southern British Columbia，the temperature rarely goes below 0℃.In most of the regions in Canada where people live，snow will be on the ground from mid­December to the middle of March.Though Canada's winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to，it can be very enjoyable.For many Canadians，being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life.There are many outdoor winter activities，including skiing，ice fishing，walking，and skating.Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow.
Dressing for winter
During winter in Canada，you will need warm clothing.If possible，arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival.You will need：
*Insulated waterproof boots
*A scarf for your neck
*A hat that covers your ears
*Gloves or mittens for your hands
*Thick winter coats，pants and sweaters
Layers(层) keep you warm
It is a good idea to layer your clothing by，for example，wearing a T­shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket.If you become too hot，it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another.On the West Coast，prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather.You will need：
*A warm waterproof coat
*Lined waterproof footwear such as rain boots or snow boots
*Gloves or mittens
*Waterproof hats
*An umbrella
Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada.You can also contact Related Links，for example，an immigrant­serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.
【语篇导读】　本文是一篇应用文。在冬季时，加拿大的大部分地方气温比较低，但是有些地方，比如南部的不列颠哥伦比亚省的气温很少低于零度。文章介绍了冬季在加拿大游玩的留意事项。
1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To show many outdoor winter activities.
B．To tell about the details about Canada.
C．To encourage you to enjoy winter in Canada.
D．To call for attention to the winter of Canada.
解析　主旨大意题。第一段介绍了加拿大的不同的地理气候，在该段结尾处Joining in one of these activities...说明作者在建议“你”到加拿大过冬天，故选C。
答案　C
2．What is the important part for many Canadians in winter?
A．Ice fishing is what they love most.
B．Joining a group is very important for them.
C．Staying in the snow is what they enjoy most.
D．Leading an active life is the key to them.
解析　细节理解题。依据第一段的For many Canadians，being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life.可知，在冬季，对于大多数加拿大人来说，保持活跃的生活是最重要的。
答案　D
3．If you stay in Canada for the coming winter，you will prepare all EXCEPT .
A．snow boots and gloves
B．thick winter coats and a scarf
C．mittens and sunglasses
D．waterproof hats and a scarf
解析　细节理解题。依据其次、三段中给出的加拿大冬季旅游所需用品，文中没有提到太阳镜，故排解C项。
答案　C
4．Why does the author suggest layering your clothing?
A．Because it is cool to put more clothes on.
B．Because taking off clothes is easier than putting on.
C．Because it is a rule to dress like that.
D．Because the weather there is changeable.
解析　细节理解题。依据第三段给出的On the West Coast，prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather.可知，在西海岸，天气变化无常，故选D。
答案　D　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5．Where can you read the passage?
A．In the newspaper. B．In a guide book.
C．From a magazine. D．On the Internet.
解析　推理推断题。依据尾段中给出的You can also contact Related Links可以推断出该文章是在因特网上读到的。
答案　D
【温馨提示】　enjoyable adj.令人开心的，可享受的　scarf n．围巾，披巾，薄头巾　mitten n．(四指套在一起拇指分开的)手套　underneath prep.在……下面adv.在下面　community n．社区，社会；团体
【长难句解读】
原文　You can also contact Related Links，for example，an immigrant­serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.
译文　你也可以联系相关的链接，譬如你居住的社区的移民服务组织，在那里猎取更多的冬季穿衣信息。
分析　该句其实是个单句，之所以较为简单，是由于加入了插入语for example，而后面提及的移民服务组织就是相关机构的一个例子，在这个名词短语中，又加入了一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词community，where在定语从句中作状语。