高中英语外研版必修一-Module3词汇与语法学习资料.doc

高中英语外研版必修一 Module3词汇与语法

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一．词汇、短语
1. take off
1) （飞机）起飞
Because of the heavy fog, the plane couldn’t take off on time.
2) 脱掉
If this pair of shoes is not comfortable, I suggest you take off immediately.
2. expert n./adj.
n. be an expert at/on/in 在...方面是行家
Mark is not only our headmaster, but also an expert in education.
adj. be expert in/at doing 在（做）...方面在行
My friend Tom is expert in/at finding useful information.
练It is said that the old man is expert_____repairing all kinds of cars. (in/at)
Some_____(expert)think that language learning is much easier for children as their tongues.(-s)
3. shoot-shot-shot vt./vi.
shoot at 向...射击（强调过程，不一定射中）
He shot at the bird with his gun but he didn’t shoot it.
Shoot...in the...射中...某个部位
He was shot in the back.
练They were shooting___a target. (at)
A man was shot____the leg, lying on the ground. (in)
4. get off 下（车，船）
You mustn't get off until the bus has stopped.
5. more than
1) more than+数词 “超过，多于”
Judging from his appearance, the expert is more than 60.
2) more than 强调作用，“十分，非常，简直，不仅仅”
The little girl is more than shy and nervous, but just frightened.
Being a good listener means much more than just listening with ears.
The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.
3) more than...can...
more...than...can... +can/could从句表否定
How he manages to lives is more than I can tell.
4) more than one+单数n 不止一个（谓语动词用单数形式）
More than one person has seen it.
练The beauty of the West Lake is_________________________(我简直难以描述).(more than I can describe)
___________________(不止一个学生)in our school was admitted to Beijing University this year.
--Do you need any help, Lucy? (More than one student)
--Yes, the job is__________I could do myself. (more than)
6. spend
spend time/money on sth
spend time/money (in) doing sth
More money should be spent on health care and education.
I hate to spend time or money playing computer games.
spend
人+spend+时/钱+(in)doing
on sth
She spent $100 buying a new skirt.
pay
人+pay+钱+for sth
She paid $100 for a new skirt.
cost
物+cost+sb+钱
The new skirt cost her $100.
take
It takes sb+时+to do sth
It took her 3 hours to repair her bike.
练The girl often_______money on buying books which she likes very much. Last Sunday it_____
Her 10 minutes to go the bookstore to buy her favorite book. When she was going to ____for the book, the salesman told her it only_____half of the price because of the broken cover.(spends,took,pay,cost)
According to a survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week______(watch)TV. (watching)
7. abandon
abandon doing sth
abandon oneself to=be abandoned to 沉溺于，放纵
We were forced to abandon doing the research.
Don’t abandon yourself to pleasures.
abandoned adj. 被丢弃的，被遗弃的
Walking alone in the forest, he felt abandoned by the world.
练Surprisingly, he abandoned______(study)Chinese literature at college.(-ing)
They____________(放纵于)drinking although they are divers, which is dangerous both to them and the passengers.(abandon themselves to=are abandoned to)
8. supply v. n.
1) n.储备，供应
The nation’s fuel supplies will not last forever.
2) v.供应，供给
They were arrested for supplying drugs.
The government decided to supply the homeless with houses.
练As the world’s population continues to grow, the _s____of food becomes more and more of a concern. (supply)
9. refer to
1) 指的是
Which of them can refer to past or present actions?
2) 提到，谈到
I’ll refer to this question at the meeting.
3) 涉及到，关于
These books refer to Asian problems.
4) 参考，查阅
When reading, the first thing to avoid is to refer to a dictionary too often.
练What he________in his article was unknown to general readers. (referred to涉及)
The president spoke at the meeting for nearly an hour without_____his notes.（referring to参考）
10. train n. V.
V. 教育，训练，培训
train sb to do sth训练某人做某事
They are trained regularly to observe discipline at any time.
练I haven’t had any real training.
二． 语法
1. （非谓语）过去分词做定语 (ved做定语)
-ing 主动，进行 起形容词（做定语）和副词（做状语）的作用
-ed 被动，完成
1) 及物动词过去分词做定语--被动、完成
smoked fish moved students respected leader
注:某些表人情绪的使令动词的过去分词往往已经称为一个形容词
surprised people frightened children excited students tired
2) 不及物动词过去分词做定语--（无被动）完成
a fallen tree an escaped prisoner returned students
3) 过去分词可构成合成词做定语
hand-made goods widely-used language
highly-developed industry half-finished products
4) 过去分词或其短语做定语，相当于定语从句
imported machines=machines that have been imported
developed countries=countries that have developed
That is something unheard of(=that was unheard of )in history.
练Amy is attended throughout her school days by a nurse_______to guard her. (B)
A. to appoint B.appointing C.appointed D.having appointed
You cannot accept an opinion______to you unless it is based on facts. (D)
A. offering B.to offer C.having offered D.offered
2. 一般过去时
1） 过去发生的动作或状态。常见时间状语：recently, yesterday, during the day, last summer, ...ago,for many years等
Recently I had my first ride on a long-distance train.
另：过去一段时间反复经常发生的动作，可与频率副词always, usually, often等连用
When I lived in Shanghai, I often took a walk in the street.
另：某些动作发生时间不明确，但实际是过去发生。
I didn’t know you were in Paris. (说话时我已经知道你在巴黎了，指的是说话之前的状态)
2） want, hope, think,intend等动词的一般过去时往往表示“过去原...”
I thought he was an honest man.我原以为他是个老实人。
He didn’t intend to hurt you.__________________(我没打算伤害你)

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