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GlobalizationsDualPower第第1页页About the AuthorRobert J.Samuelson(born December 23,1945)is a Newsweek（新闻周刊）contributing editor(特约编辑)and The Washington Post（华盛顿邮报）columnist（专栏作家）.An economics specialist,he is one of the most widely read journalists in the United State.第第2页页His articles appear in the Los Angeles Times（洛杉（洛杉矶时报矶时报）,The Boston Globe（波士（波士顿环顿环球球报报），），and other influential newspapers.Globalizations Dual Power appeared in the International Herald Tribune(国国际际先先锋论坛报锋论坛报)in December,1999,on the threshold of the new millenium.第第3页页MajorcustomersofFoxconnincludeorhaveincluded:AcerInc.(Taiwan)A(UnitedStates)AppleInc.(UnitedStates)BlackBerryLtd.(Canada)Cisco(UnitedStates)Dell(UnitedStates)Google(UnitedStates)Microsoft(UnitedStates)MotorolaMobility(UnitedStates)Nokia(Finland)Sony(Japan)Toshiba(Japan)第第4页页第第5页页第第6页页Major customers of Foxconn include or have included:Acer Inc.(Taiwan)A(United States)Apple Inc.(United States)BlackBerry Ltd.(Canada)Cisco(United States)Dell(United States)Google(United States)Microsoft(United States)Motorola Mobility(United States)Nokia(Finland)Sony(Japan)Toshiba(Japan)第第7页页Foxconn has factories inFoxconn has factories inJapanJapanMalaysiaMalaysiaSouth KoreaSouth KoreaEuropeEuropeMexicoMexicoUnited StatesUnited States第第8页页生产全球化第第9页页GlobalizationlGlobalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views,products,ideas and other aspects.But Economic Globalization is the core of Globalization.第第10页页Economic GlobalizationEconomicglobalizationistheincreasingeconomicintegrationandinterdependenceofnational,regionalandlocaleconomiesacrosstheworldthroughanintensificationofcross-bordermovementofgoods,services,technologiesandcapital.经济全球化是经过加强货物、服务、技术和资本跨界移动世界各地越来越多经济一体化和国家、区域和地方经济相互依存。第第11页页“Educational GlobalizationEducational Globalization”孔子学院第第12页页第第13页页PositivePositiveTechnologyOpen MarketsEconomic IntegrationPeaceGlobal FocusNegativeNegative Culture Market Barriers National Barriers WarLocal Focus1-3第第14页页Globalization-ProsLower prices for goods and services.Lower prices for goods and services.Economic growth stimulation.Economic growth stimulation.Increase in consumer income.Increase in consumer income.Creates jobs.Creates jobs.Countries specialize in production Countries specialize in production of goods and services that are of goods and services that are produced most efficiently.produced most efficiently.1-13第第15页页Globalization-ConsDestroys manufacturing jobs in Destroys manufacturing jobs in wealthy,advanced countries.wealthy,advanced countries.Wage rates of unskilled workers in Wage rates of unskilled workers in advanced countries declines.advanced countries declines.Companies move to countries with Companies move to countries with fewer labor and environment fewer labor and environment regulations.regulations.Loss of sovereignty.Loss of sovereignty.1-14第第16页页OutlinePart 1:(12)The author points out the topic-globalization is a double-edged sword and what it will bring to the one involved.Part 2:(334)The author disscusses the topic in detial by exemplification and finds it hard to decide.We can only wait and see.第第17页页Part 2(1831):Benefical and harmful effect on developing countries,erode culture,tradition,threaten economic and political stability.(3234):Ending the article by reminding that Globalization is not inevitable and irreversible.(317):The author introuduces the progress and development of Globalization.第第18页页Major pointsGlobalizationisadouble-edgedsword.Thedauntingquestionofthe21st.centuryistoseewhichwillprevail.第第19页页Minor points1.Itraiseseconomicgrowth,spreadsnewtechnologyandraiseslivingstandards.2.Itassaultsnationalsovereignty,erodeslocalcultureandtraditionandthreatenseconomicandsocialinstability.第第20页页Minor point(1)Insomerespects,globalizationismerelyatrendywordforanoldprocess.第第21页页Minor point(2)Globalizationisdifferentfromtraditionalmarketexpansioninthatintheconditionofglobalization,companiesandfinancialmarketsdisregardnationalborders.第第22页页Facts supporting itA.Privatecapitalflowsincreaseenormously.B.Internationalacquisitionsandmergersincreasedevelopsquickly.C.Moreandmorepeoplebelievethatmanymarketshavebecomeglobal.D.Companiesincreasinglyorganizeproductionglobally.E.Governmentsalsoseekbiggersalesandprofits.第第23页页Minor point(3)Globaleconomyismorepronetoinstability.Example:Asianfinancialcrisis第第24页页Minor point(4)Globalizationwillcausepolitical,culturalandsocialproblems.Example:protestersattheSeattlemeetingofWTOinDec.,1999第第25页页shortparagraphs,professionalanalysisThe article is illustrated through:contrastexamplesdata(forprofessionalanalysis)parallelism第第26页页dual dual adj.adj.dualrole/purpose/functiondualnationality/citizenshipadual-purpose(adj.)vehicleduality:thestateofhavingtwopartsoraspectsdualism:philosophy thetheorythattherearetwooppositeprinciplesineverything二元论Compare:pluralism第第27页页at the edge ofat the edge of=ontheedgeof,onthevergeofclosetothepointatwhichsomethingdifferent,especiallysomethingbad,willhappenontheedgeofcollapseontheedgeofdespairontheedgeofdespairontheedgeofthebed第第28页页edge edge n.n.=advantageCompaniesareemployingmoreresearchteamstogetanedge.tohavetheedgeoversb.Thenextversionofthesoftwarewillhavetheedgeoveritscompetitors.第第29页页vehicle vehicle n.n.fml.somethingyouusetoexpressandspreadyourideas,opinionsetc=mediumHisnovelsareavehicleforhispoliticalviews.他小说是传达他政治观点媒介他小说是传达他政治观点媒介第第30页页alike alike adv.adv.1.usedtoemphasizethatyoumeanboththepeople,groups,orthingsthatyouhavejustmentionedGoodhealthandsafetymanagementbenefitsemployersandemployeesalike.2.inasimilarwayTheydressandwalkalike.第第31页页controversy controversy n.n.apoliticalcontroversycause/provoke/arousecontroversyThe controversy surrounding the introduction of the new regulations Thejudgesdecisionprovokedcontroversy.controversyover/abouttheuseofthesedrugsControversyarose(=began)overtheuseofthechemicalsonfruitandvegetables.Muchcontroversysurroundsthenewexam第第32页页to assaultto assault1.toattacksomeoneinaviolentway:Twomenassaultedhimafterheleftthebar.2.(formal)toaffectyoursensesinawaythatisveryunpleasantoruncomfortable刺激刺激:Loudrockmusicassaultedourears.第第33页页to erodeto erodetograduallyreducesomethingsuchassomeonespowerorconfidenceOurpersonalfreedomisbeinggraduallyerodedaway.Repeatedexamfailurehaderodedherconfidence.第第34页页daunting daunting adj.adj.frighteninginawaythatmakesyoufeellessconfident;intimidating;disheartening;discouragingThetripseemedratherdauntingforayounggirl.Iwasfacedwiththedauntingtaskoflearningthewholescriptin24hours.第第35页页dauntless dauntless adj.adj.confidentandnoteasilyfrighteneddauntlessoptimism/courage第第36页页upheaval upheaval n.n.asudden，bigchangethatoftencausesproblemsMovingtoadifferentschoolcanbeabigupheavalforyoungchildren.Thecompanymanagedtosurvivetheeconomicupheavalsofthelast20years.第第37页页trendy trendy adj.adj.influencedbythemostfashionablestylesandideas-trend(n.)atrendyBayArearestaurantHepredictsthatpurplewindbreakerwillbecometrendythissummer.Sheonlytalkslikethatbecauseshewantstosoundtrendy.第第38页页to retard to retard fml.todelaythedevelopmentofsomething,ortomakesomethinghappenmoreslowlythanexpected=slowdownColdweatherretardsthegrowthofmanyplants.Eveninsmallamounts,leadcanretarddevelopmentinchildren.第第39页页retarded:lessmentallydevelopedthanotherpeopleofthesameage.(rudeandoffensive)=MentallyhandicappedToeventhemostpoliticallyretardedthisisanonsense.第第40页页to champion to champion topubliclyfightforanddefendanaimorprinciple;tosupport(thecause)tochampionthecauseofgayrightstochampionthecauseofreligiousfreedomn.a champion of the poor/of womens rights第第41页页to combatto combattofightagainstcombatinflation/crime/racism/pollution第第42页页a succession ofa succession ofanumberofpeopleorthingsofthesamekindfollowing,comingorhappeningoneaftertheotherAsuccessionofvisitorscametothedoor.Hehasbeenhitbyasuccessionofinjuriessincehejoinedtheteam.第第43页页in successionin successionhappeningoneaftertheotherwithoutanythingdifferenthappeninginbetweenShewonthechampionshipfourtimesinsuccession.inquick/rapid/closesuccession(=quicklyoneaftertheother)Hefiredtwoshotsinquicksuccession.第第44页页antidote antidote n.n.1.asubstancethatstopstheeffectsofapoisonThereisnoknownantidotetoabitefromthissnake.2.anythingthatcounteractssth.unpleasantTheholidaywasamarvelousantidotetothepressuresofofficework.第第45页页deadly deadly adj.adj.deadlypoison;deadlyweapon;deadlydisease/virusdeadlyserious/dull/plete:indeadsilenceadeadstopthedeadcentre第第46页页to complementto complementtoaddtosth.inawaythatimprovesitormakesitmoreattractivetomakeagoodcombinationwithsomeoneorsomethingelse第第47页页to departto departtostarttousenewideasordosomethinginadifferentway;digressItsrevolutionarymusic;itdepartsfromtheoldformandstructures.Inhisspeech,thePresidentdepartedfromhistextonlyonce.第第48页页distinct distinct adj.adj.twoentirelydistinctlanguages;distincttypes/groups/categoriesclearlydifferentorbelongingtoadifferenttypeThelearningneedsofthetwogroupsarequitedistinctfromeachother.第第49页页distinctive distinctive adj.adj.havingaspecialquality,character,orappearancethatisdifferentandeasytorecognizearockbandwithadistinctivesoundThemostdistinctivefeatureofthebuildingisitsenormousdome-shapedroof.WhateveryouthinkofLarkinspoetry,itscertainlydistinctive.第第50页页entity entity n.n.fml.somethingthatexistsasasingleandcompleteunitThemindexistsasaseparateentity.Gooddesignbringsahouseandgardentogetherasasingleentity.第第51页页to disregardto disregardtoignoresomethingortreatitasunimportantHeorderedthejurytodisregardthewitnessslaststatement.Marktotallydisregardedmyadvice.disregardn.Youhaveshownatotaldisregardfor(of)thelaw.第第52页页to dwarfto dwarftocausetoappearsmallbycomparisonThecathedralisdwarfedbythesurroundingskyscrapers.Thepresenttroubledwarfedtheothermatter.n.SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.adj.Adwarfplant,animal,etc.第第53页页binge binge n.n.:todotoomuchofsth.suchaseating,drinking,shoppingtogoonabingeinfml.aweek-endbinge,ashoppingbinge,abuyingbinge第第54页页spree spree n.n.togoonaspendingspree,ashoppingspree,abuyingspreeadrinkingspreeashortperiodoftimewhenyoudoalotofoneactivity,especiallyspendingmoneyordrinkingalcoholThen,againstthebackgroundofbitter,violentparentalquarrels,Chesterbeganaspreeofdelinquency.第第55页页to acquire to acquire toobtainbybuyingtoacquireatasteforsth.ShehadacquiredatasteforEuropeanbeer.anacquiredtastesomethingthatpeopleonlybegintolikeaftertheyhavetrieditafewtimesCurryisanacquiredtaste第第56页页to mergeto mergeThebankannouncedthatitwastomergewithanotherofthehighstreetbanks.themergerof/between,withTheyproposedamergerbetween/oftwoofthelargestsoftwarecompaniesTherehasbeenalotoftalkaboutamergerwithanotherleadingbank.第第57页页to passto passtogobeyondthelimitof;tobecomemorethanaparticularnumberoramounttopassbelief,topassonescomprehension第第58页页corporateadj.belongingtoorrelatingtoacorporationcorporateheadquarters=mainofficesthecorporatecultureFromboomtobustandbackroundagain,thenew-mediaindustryhasturnedfullcircle.从繁荣到没落，之后又繁荣，新媒体行业经历了完整生命周期。第第59页页convict convict vt.vt.toproveorofficiallyannouncethatsomeoneisguiltylofacrimeafteratrilinalawcourtbeconvictedofBuxtonwasconvictedofrape.Thisisaconvictedmurderer.acquittogiveadecisioninacourtoflawthatsomeoneisnotguiltyofacrimeShewasacquittedofmurder.第第60页页to keep/stay abreast of to keep/stay abreast of somethingsomethingtomakesurethatyouknowallthemostrecentfactsorinformationaboutaparticularsubjectorsituationItsimportanttokeepabreastofthelatestdevelopmentsincomputers.towalk/rideabreast:towalk,rideetc.nexttoeachother,allfacingthesamewayTheplaneswereflyingfourabreast.第第61页页relentless relentless adj.adj.strict,cruel;ordetermined,withouteverstopping=remorselessrelentlesspersecutiontherelentlessbeatofthedrumsHersuccessisduetoarelentlesspursuitofperfection.第第62页页indicator indicator n.n.somethingthatcanberegardedasasignofsomethingelseAllthemaineconomicindicatorssuggestthattradeisimproving.a train indicator 第第63页页to be hard-pressedto be hard-pressedtobeheavilyburdened;tohaveseriousdifficultiesdoingYoudbehardpressedtofindanyonebetterforthejob.第第64页页to hamstring to hamstring tomakesomeoneunabletotaketheactiontheywantorneedtotake,especiallybyrestrictingthem;tocripple;todestroyorhindertheefficiencyofThePresidentfeelsheishamstrungbyCongress.Thecompanyishamstrungbyitspoormanagement.第第65页页sub-1)beloworundersub-Sahara;submarine;subway2)almostornearlysubtropical;subhuman;subconscious3)lessimportantorlowerinranksubordinate;substandard4)asmallerpartofawholesubcontinent;subcommittee;subculture第第66页页embrace embrace n.n.acceptanceofnewidea,opinion,religionetc.Mostpeopleshowedreadyembraceofthenewdoctrine.toembracefml.Wehopetheseregionswillembracedemocraticreforms.第第67页页to fareto fareslightly outdated togetalong;toturnoutHowdidyoufareinyourexams?tofarebadly第第68页页to be prone to sth.to be prone to sth.likelytodosomethingorsufferfromsomething,especiallysomethingbadorharmfulThefiercecompetitionmakesstudentsmorepronetonervousbreakdown.Sheispronetoaskingstupidquestionsonsuchoccasions.Heisaccident-prone.第第69页页lopsided lopsided adj.adj.unbalanced,unequaloruneven,especiallyinanunfairwaylopsidedeconomicdevelopmentalopsidedvictoryThelopsidedfinalscore,8-0,maysuggestaneasyvictory.第第70页页onbothcounts:onbothpointsunderdiscussiononall/several/countsineveryway,inseveralwaysetcHewasconvictedbyajuryonallcountsandsentencedto62monthsinprison.ImafraidIdonnotagreewithyouonbothcounts.第第71页页ensuing ensuing adj.adj.happeningafteraparticularactionorevent,especiallyasaresultofittheensuingbattle/conflict/debatetheensuingdays/months/yearsetctoensuefml.tohappenafterorasaresultofsomethingTheseproblemsensuefromfoodandmedicalshortages.第第72页页crony(n.):oneofagroupofpeoplewhospendalotoftimewitheachother-usedtoshowdisapprovalcronyism(n.):thepracticeofunfairlygivingthebestjobstoyourfriendswhenyouareinapositionofpower第第73页页inept inept adj.adj.notgoodatdoingsomething;noteffective;inappropriate;clumsyineptleadershipHewascriticizedforhisinepthandlingoftheproblem.第第74页页excess excess adj.adj.morethannecessaryorreasonableExcessenthusiasmcanimpedeourcalmreasoning.Excessluggage/baggageexcessn.alargeramountofsomethingthanisallowedorneededLittleboysseemtohaveanexcessofenergy.第第75页页downturn downturn n.n.areductionintheamountorsuccessofsth,suchasacountryseconomicactivityThereisevidenceofadownturninthebuildingtrade.第第76页页Business termsBusiness termscurrent-account:aaccountofcredits,debits,receipts,andexpendituresbetweentwocountries经常项目帐目;往来账目deficit:Thevalueofanationsimportsexceedthevalueofitsexports.balanceofpayment:thedifferencebetweenacountrysimportsandexport国际收支；收支平衡第第77页页balanceofpaymentsdeficit:国际收支逆差/亏损balanceofpaymentssurplus:国际收支顺差/赢余第第78页页 to snowball into to snowball into togrowinto;toescalateinto;todevelopintowithescalatingSoon,theprojectsnowballedintoanationwidecampaign.Thisprojectwillhaveasnowballeffectincreatingalotofnewpossibilitiesforthecompany.第第79页页Roughlyintheorderofseriousness,pooreconomicperformanceisusuallydescribedaseconomicstagnation,aslowdown,aslackening,adownturn,adecline,asetback,arecession,adepression,aslump,oracrisis.第第80页页projection projection n.n.astatementorca
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