AFQRJOSIssue 32 – Nov 2020.pdf

Product Specifications Bulletin Page 1 of 9 Bulletin 133 Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems November 2020(AFQRJOS):Issue 32 Nov 2020 This document defines the fuel quality requirements for supply into Jointly Operated Fueling Systems operated to JIG Standards.The Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems(AFQRJOS)for Jet A-1 embodies the requirements of the following two specifications:(a)British Ministry of Defence Standard DEF STAN 91-091/Issue 12 14th September 2020 for Turbine Fuel,Kerosene Type,Jet A-1,NATO Code F-35,Joint Service Designation:AVTUR.(b)ASTM Standard Specification D1655 for Aviation Turbine Fuels Jet A-1(Latest issue).Jet fuel that meets the AFQRJOS is usually referred to as Jet A-1 to Check List or Check List Jet A-1 and,by definition,allows custodians of the fuel to supply against either of these specifications.AFQRJOS is normally revised and published annually but if urgent issues need to be addressed it may be revised more frequently.The main table requirements in IATA Guidance Material for Aviation Turbine Fuels Specifications(GM)are no longer part of the Check List because Part I of the IATA GM is now a guide to specifications rather than a specification itself.However,the water and dirt limits for fuel at the point of delivery into aircraft,which are embodied in Part III of the IATA GM,remain part of Check List.The Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems for Jet A-1 are defined in the following table,which should be read in conjunction with the Notes that follow the table.The Notes highlight some of the main issues concerning the specification parameters.Specifically of note,Issue 32 introduces the following changes:Introduction of maximum limits for particle counting and information that it is the Authoritys intention to make it the referee method from April 2025 within Def Stan 91-091 Suppression of IP 564 as an approved method for particle counting and addition of test method D7619:standard test method for sizing and counting particles in light and middle distillate fuels,by automatic particle counter Prohibition of the use of specific batches of suitable Fluorescent Indicator Dyed Gel when measuring Aromatic Content by ASTM D1319 or IP 156.Approval of co-processing of hydrocarbons derived from synthesis gas via the Fisher Tropsch process producing co-hydroprocessed hydrocarbon synthetic kerosene as an acceptable process for jet fuel manufacture as controlled by Defence Standard 91-091 and ASTM D1655.Suppression of the bias for flash point measurement between IP 170 and ASTM D56 Addition of Test Method D93(Procedure A)Standard Test method for flash point measurement by Pensky-Martens close cup tester and D7236 standard test method for flash point by small scale closed cup tester(ramp method).Clarification on the statements to be used when certifying fuel is detailed in Note 26,Conformance to AFQRJOS requires conformance to the detail of both specifications listed above,not just the following table.See Notes 26 for further guidance on statements declaring conformance to these specifications.Airports operated to JIG Standards may supply jet fuel to either of the parent specifications listed above provided the participants agree.It should be specifically noted that DEF STAN 91-091/12 requires traceability of product to point of manufacture and requirements applicable to fuels containing synthetic or renewable components.See Annexes D and B of DEFSTAN 91-091/12 for more information.Note:Although there has been wide acceptance by UK MOD for alternative jet fuels,before fuel containing synthetic components may be delivered to a NATO aircraft it shall be ascertained that the appropriate clearance document(s)permitting its use have been obtained according to contract.This may restrict supply of fuel containing synthetic components in some pipeline systems with direct connections to NATO storage locations.AVIATION FUEL QUALITY REQUIREMENTS FOR JOINTLY OPERATED SYSTEMS(AFQRJOS):Issue 32 NOV 2020(supersedes Issue 31 NOV 2019)Product Specifications Bulletin Page 2 of 9 Bulletin 133 Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems November 2020(AFQRJOS):Issue 32 Nov 2020 JOINT FUELLING SYSTEM CHECK LIST FOR JET A-1 Issue 32 November 2020 Supersedes Issue 31-November 2019 Embodying the requirements of the following specifications for the grade shown:(a)British MoD DEF STAN 91-091/Issue 12,dated 14th September 2020,Jet A-1(b)ASTM D1655 Jet A-1 Latest Issue PROPERTY LIMITS TEST METHOD REMARKS IP ASTM APPEARANCE Visual appearance Colour Particulate contamination mg/L max OR Particulate,cumulative channel particle counts,ISO Code&Individual Channel Counts 4 m(c)6 m(c)14 m(c)21 m(c)25 m(c)30 m(c)Clear,bright and visually free from solid matter and un-dissolved water at ambient fuel temperature Report 1.0 Channel counts/ISO code Report/Max 19 Report/Max 17 Report/Max 14 Report Report Report/Max 13 423 565 or 577 D 156 or D 6045 D 5452 D7619 See Note 1 See Note 2 See Note 2 See Note 3 COMPOSITION Total Acidity,mg KOH/g max Aromatics,%v/v.max OR Total Aromatics,%v/v max Sulphur,Total,%m/m max Sulphur,Mercaptan,%m/m max OR Doctor Test Refinery Components at point of manufacture:Non Hydroprocessed Components,%v/v Mildly Hydroprocessed Components,%v/v Severely Hydroprocessed Components,%v/v Synthetic Components,%v/v 0.015 25.0 26.5 0.30 0.0030 Negative Report(incl.nil or 100%)Report(incl.nil or 100%)Report(incl.nil or 100%)Report(incl.nil or 50%)354 156 436 336 342 30 D 3242 D 1319 D 6379 D 1266 or D 2622 D 3227 D 4952 See Note 4,5 See Note 6 or D 4294 or D 5453 See Note 7 See Note 8 See Note 4 INCIDENTAL MATERIALS See Notes 9 VOLATILITY Distillation Initial Boiling Point,C Fuel Recovered 10%v/v at C max 50%v/v at C 90%v/v at C End Point,C max Residue,%v/v max Loss,%v/v max Flash Point,C min Density at 15C,kg/m Report 205.0 Report Report 300.0 1.5 1.5 38.0 775.0 min to 840.0 max 123 170 or 523 160 or 365 D 86 D 56 or D 3828 D 1298 or D 4052 or D7345.,See Note 10 See Note Or IP 406 or D 2887,see Note 11 Or D93(Procedure A)or IP534/D7236 FLUIDITY Freezing Point,C max Viscosity at-20C,mm2/s(cSt)max -47.0 8.000 16 or 435 or 528 or 529 71 D 2386 or D 5972 or D 7153 or D 7154 D 445 See Notes 12 and 13 D7945 or D7042,See Note 14 COMBUSTION Specific Energy,net,MJ/kg min Smoke Point,mm min OR Smoke Point,mm min AND Naphthalenes,%vol.max 42.80 25.0 18.0 3.00 12 or 355 598 598 D 3338 or D 4809 D 1322 D 1322 D 1840 See Note 15 See Note 16 Product Specifications Bulletin Page 3 of 9 Bulletin 133 Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems November 2020(AFQRJOS):Issue 32 Nov 2020 CORROSION Corrosion,Copper strip,classification max (2 hours+/-5 min.at 100 C+/-1C)1 154 D 130 STABILITY Thermal Stability Control temperature,C min Filter Pressure Differential,mm Hg max One of the following requirements shall be met:(1)Annex B VTR (2)Annex C ITR or Annex D ETR,average over area of 2.5mm2 nm max 260 25 Less than 3,no Peacock or Abnormal colour deposits 85 323 D 3241 See Note 17 CONTAMINANTS Existent Gum,mg/100ml max Microseparometer(MSEP),rating Fuel with Static Dissipator Additive min OR Fuel without Static Dissipator Additive min 7 70 85 540 D 381 D 3948 See Note 18 CONDUCTIVITY Electrical Conductivity,pS/m 50 min to 600 max 274 D 2624 See Note 19 LUBRICITY BOCLE wear scar diameter,mm max 0.85 D 5001 See Note 20 ADDITIVES (Names and approval code from DEF STAN 91-091/12 should be quoted on quality certificates).Antioxidant,mg/l in final batch(Optional)max Metal Deactivator,mg/l(Optional)*max First Doping Cumulative concentration after field re-doping Static Dissipator,mg/l*max First Doping Cumulative concentration after field re-doping 24.0 2.0 5.7 3.0 5.0 See Note 21 See Note 22 See Note 23 Antioxidants are still mandatory for synthetic fuels and shall be added prior to or during release from the designated manufacturing site of the ASTM D7566 component.Fuel System Icing Inhibitor is not permitted unless agreed by all the participants in a joint system(see also Note 24).Lubricity Improver Additive(LIA)additive may be added to the fuel without prior consent of the joint system participants(see also Note 20)The types and concentrations of all additives used shall be shown on the original Certificates of Quality and on all other quality documents when they are added downstream of the point of manufacture.When additives are diluted(with hydrocarbon solvent only)to improve handling properties prior to addition,it is the concentration of active ingredient that shall be reported.See Annex A of DEF STAN 91-091 for detailed advice.See Note 25 about requirements for management of change in refineries.*When the original dosage of additives is unknown,it has to be assumed that first doping was applied at maximum dose rate.Product Specifications Bulletin Page 4 of 9 Bulletin 133 Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems November 2020(AFQRJOS):Issue 32 Nov 2020 Main Table Notes 1.The requirement to report Saybolt Colour shall apply at point of manufacture,Unusual or atypical colours should also be noted and investigated.For further information on the significance of colour see Annex F in DEF STAN 91-091/12.2.This limit shall apply at point of manufacture only.To meet the requirements of this standard the limits of either particulate contamination or particulate counts shall be met and it is only necessary to report whichever property is being used to support release of the fuel.It is the Specification Authoritys intention to replace gravimetric Millipore test with Particle counting from April 2025.For more information on particulate contamination refer to Annex F of DEF STAN 91-091 Issue 12.For guidance on contamination limits for into-plane fuelling refer to 7th Edition IATA Guidance Material(Part III).3.The number of particles and the number of particles as a scale number as defined by Table 1 of ISO 4406 shall be reported where this method is being used to release the fuel(see also Note 2).If limits are exceeded,Annex B of IP 565 or IP 577 or Annex A2 of D7619 may be applied to eliminate trace free water,and cleanliness re-determined.In such cases,results before and after application of annex shall be reported.4.Attention is drawn to DEF STAN 91-091 Issue 12 which approves both Semi-Synthetic and Fully Synthetic Jet Fuel produced by SASOL.It also approves all the generic components listed in the Annexes of ASTM D7566.For these fuels,additional testing requirements apply,and reference should be made to DEF STAN 91-091/12 Annex B.These semi-and fully synthetic fuels may be certified against this Issue of Check List 5.The Coprocessing of mono-,di-and triglycerides,free fatty acids and fatty acid esters and the Coprocessing of hydrocarbons derived from synthesis gas via Fisher Tropsch process have been approved in Defence Standard 91-091 Issue 12 in alignment with ASTM D1655.The requirements for coprocessing are detailed in Annex B4 of Defence Standard 91-091 Issue 12 and Annex A1.1.2.2 of ASTM D1655.The Refinery Certificate of Quality(RCQ)shall include wording to reflect that the batch may contain up to 5%by volume co-hydroprocessed synthesized kerosene.6.Round robin testing has demonstrated the correlation between total aromatics content measured by IP 156/ASTM D 1319 and IP 436/ASTM D 6379.Bias between the two methods necessitates different equivalence limits as shown.Testing laboratories are encouraged to measure and report total aromatics content by the two methods to assist verification of the correlation.In cases of dispute IP 156/ASTM D 1319 shall be the referee method.It is the intention of the DEF STAN 91-091 Technical Authority to change the referee method to IP 436 at a later date.The proprietary dye necessary to conduct that IP156/ASTM D1319 is no longer available.In addition,recently delivered supplies of the product gel containing the dye with lot numbers 3000000975 and above were produced with a substitute dye that is unfortunately not suitable and will not provide accurate measurements of aromatic concentration if utilised.Given the above,if IP 156 or ASTM D1319 is used for analysis of Aromatics,the lot number of the gel used shall be reported on the test certificate.A ruggedness study has shown that subsequent batches of the dye,with a lot number of 3000000983 or greater are comparable with the lots prior to 3000000975.ILS is expected to corroborate these results.When the aromatic level is needed to be determined,Jet A-1 fuel will only meet the aviation fuel operating limitations of airplanes certificated to operate on Jet A-1 fuel and the requirements of Def Stan 91-091 if:1)the fuel has been tested for aromatics concentration in accordance with ASTM D1319/IP156 with a dye other than from lot number 3000000975 through 3000000982 Product Specifications Bulletin Page 5 of 9 Bulletin 133 Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems November 2020(AFQRJOS):Issue 32 Nov 2020 or 2)the fuel has been tested for aromatics concentration in accordance with the alternative test methods ASTM D6379/IP436.No other alternative test method,or method of deriving the aromatic content,is acceptable.7.The Doctor Test is an alternative requirement to the Sulphur Mercaptan Content.In the event of conflict between the Sulphur Mercaptan and Doctor Test results,the Sulphur Mercaptan result shall prevail.8.The need to report the%v/v of non hydroprocessed,mildly hydroprocessed,severely hydroprocessed and synthetic components(including nil,“50%”or 100%as appropriate)on Refinery Certificates of Quality for Jet A-1 to Check List derives from DEF STAN 91-091/12.Each of the defined refinery components used in the make-up of the batch shall be reported on the certificate of quality as a percentage by volume of the total fuel in the batch.9.Table 2 Incidental materials Material Maximum permitted level Detection Level Test methods Fatty acid methyl ester(FAME)a,b,c,50 mg/kg D7797/IP583,IP585d,IP590,IP599 Pipeline Drag Reducer(DRA)a Nil 72 g/le,f D7872 a)Post manufacture each custodian shall undertake a risk assessment to quantify the potential risk of incidental material carry over.Where such assessments indicate that there could be a potential risk in jet fuel supplies,additional quality assurance procedures shall be introduced to increase control in order to mitigate the risk.Where the risk of incidental material carryover exists and it is not possible to control with additional quality assurance procedures,testing shall be instigated.b)For the purposes of meeting this requirement,FAME is defined as material meeting the limits of EN14214 or ASTM D6751.Fatty acid methyl esters that fail to meet biodiesel standards are not permitted in jet fuel.c)On an emergency basis,up to 100 mg/kg FAME is permitted in jet fuel when authorised by the airframe and engine manufacturers and managed in compliance with airframe