资源描述
知识点
1. 状语从句与简单句的互换
2. 宾语从句与简单句的互换
3. 限制性定语从句与简单句的互换
教学目标
掌握状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句如何转换为简单句。
教学重点
状语从句转换为简单句。
教学难点
限制性定语从句转换为简单句。
Life on Mars
教学过程
一、 课堂导入
通过讨论让学生回忆所学的三大从句，并指出如何区别这三大从句。
二、复习预习
复习上节课所学重点单词、短语、句型，讲解课后习题。
三、知识讲解
考点1：状语从句与介词短语引导的简单句的互换
1. Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s license when he was 16.
= Neil Armstrong received his student pilot’s license at the age of 16.
注：when引导的时间状语从句可以改成at the age of引导的简单句。
2. People might float in space because the gravity is low.
= People might float in space because of the low gravity.
注：because引导的原因状语从句可以改成because of引导的简单句。
3. Humans cannot survive if there is no food, water or oxygen.
= Humans cannot survive without food, water or oxygen.
注：if引导的条件状语从句可以改成without引导的简单句。
考点2：宾语从句与介词引导的简单句的互换
1. The smell of the pills reminds them that food on the Earth is tasty.
= The smell of the pills reminds them of the tasty food on the Earth.
注：that引导的宾语从句可以改成of引导的简单句。
2. Are they sure that space travel will be very fast?
= Are they sure about the fast speed of space travel?
注：that引导的宾语从句可以改成about引导的简单句。
3. away from...远离，离开。。。
Mars is about 142,000,000 miles away from the Sun. 火星距离太阳约142000000英里。
4. circle around 围绕 / 环绕
It takes Mars about two Earth years to circle around the Sun once. 火星围着太阳转一圈大约要花费两年的时间。
5. in agreement that ...同意。。。
We are in agreement on that point. 关于那一点，我们的意见一致。
6. be aware that... 意识到。。。
考点2: 限制性定语从句与介词引导的简单句的互换
1. People might live in houses which have huge comfortable rooms.
= People might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms.
注：which引导的定语从句可以改成with引导的简单句。
2. On Mars you might see people who wear special boots.
= On Mars you might see people in special boots.
注：who引导的定语从句可以改成in引导的简单句。
3. be similar to与。。。相似
4. much thinner air 更加稀薄的空气
5. hear from...收到。。。的来信
四、例题精析
【例题1】
【题干】She doesn’t know. Did Lucy pass the maths exam?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
She doesn’t know _______ _______ _______ the math exam.
【答案】if Lucy passed
【解析】宾语从句要用陈述句语气，本题要用过去时态。
【例题2】
【题干】If there is no fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are today. (改为简单句)
______________________________________________________________.
【答案】Meals will not be as tasty as they are today without fresh food.
【解析】If引导的条件状语从句可以改成介词引导的简单句，注意介词的选择。
【例题3】
【题干】Are you aware how far Mars is away from the Sun? (改为简单句）
______________________________________________________________.
【答案】Are you aware of the distance between Mars and the Sun.
【解析】宾语从句可以改成介词引导的简单句，注意介词的选用要符合固定搭配。
【例题4】
【题干】Humans are thinking about moving to another planet because the pollution on the Earth is very serious. (改为简单句)
______________________________________________________________.
【答案】Humans are thinking about moving to another planet because of the Earth’s serious pollution.
【解析】because引导的原因状语从句可以改成because of引导的简单句，注意because of 后接名词短语。
课程小结
本节课主要学习三大复合从句如何改为介词引导的简单句，注意介词的选择要符合句意及固定搭配。
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