语态转换.doc

四种特殊类型的语态转换1. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句（1） 把间接宾语变为主语，而把直接宾语仍然放在动词后面不变。如：My father gave me a new book on my birthday. I was given a new book（by my father）on my birthday.（2） 用直接宾语作被动句的主语时，间接宾语前有时要加介词to（在send，pass，write，give，show，bring等动词之后）或for（在buy，cook，make，order，choose等动词之后）。如：My teacher gave me some advice. Some advice was given to me by my teacher.My father bought me a new watch. A new watch was bought for me by my father.2. 含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句（1） 由形容词、名词作宾语补足语（宾补）的句子，变为被动语态时，只需把宾语变为主语即可。如：We call him Lao Zhang. He is called Lao Zhang.He made the room beautiful. The room was made beautiful by him.（2） 在主动句中，动词：听（hear，listen to），观（look at，see，notice，watch），感（feel），使（make，have），让（let），帮助（help）等接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，动词不定式要省去“to”，但在变为被动语态时要加上“to”。例如：We heard her sing in her room. She was heard to sing in her room.He made me wait for a long time. I was made to wait for a long time.3. 含有动词短语的主动句变为被动句许多由不及物动词加介词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也有被动语态。在转换时，不可把短语动词分开，也不能漏掉短语动词中的介词或副词。如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all the people.They take good care of the babies. The babies are taken good care of by them.4. 含有以that引导的宾语从句的主动句变为被动句这种类型的主动句变为被动句，通常用it be said +原来的宾语从句。They say that he is much better now. It is said that he is much better now.We said that he was a teacher. It was said that he was a teacher.有时，也可将宾语从句中的主语变为被动句中的主语。如上面两例可分别变为：He is said to be much better now.He was said to be a teacher. （注：专业文档是经验性极强的领域，无法思考和涵盖全面，素材和资料部分来自网络，供参考。可复制、编制，期待你的好评与关注）