考研英语翻译秋季强化班省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

秋季秋季考研英语翻译考研英语翻译强化班强化班李李 鹏鹏成都新东方学校成都新东方学校第1页主讲主讲:新概念英语新概念英语,托福雅思词汇托福雅思词汇,考研英语考研英语,大学英语四级大学英语四级,专业英语四八级专业英语四八级第二十届新东方科技教育集团第二十届新东方科技教育集团全国教师讲课大赛国内项目组全国教师讲课大赛国内项目组(四六级四六级,专四专八专四专八,考研考研,词汇词汇)一等奖第一名一等奖第一名新东方在线新东方在线(Koolearn)阅读、翻译、长难句讲师阅读、翻译、长难句讲师第2页Thus,the anthropological concept of“culture”,like the concept of“set”in mathematics,is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.-,65题第3页Concept is concept.第4页The anthropological conceptis an abstract concept.第5页The anthropological concept of“culture”is an abstract concept.第6页The anthropological concept of“culture”is an abstract conceptwhich makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.第7页The anthropological concept of“culture”,like the concept of“set”inmathematics,is an abstract conceptwhich makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.第8页Thus,the anthropological concept of“culture”,like the concept of“set”inmathematics,is an abstract conceptwhich makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.-,65题第9页句子主干一共有几个?第10页 高频主干六大类型:1.A be B 2.There be 3.It be 4.A do 5.A do B 6.A do B C 第11页1)A be BThus,the anthropological concept of“culture,”like the concept of“set”inmathematics,is an abstract conceptwhich makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.-,65题第12页1)A be BMain structure:concept is concept-65题第13页2)There beThere will be television chat showshosted by robots,and cars with pollutionmonitors that will disable them when theyoffend.-,71题第14页2)There beThere will beshows,and cars-,71题第15页3)It beIn fact,it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.-,49题第16页3)It beit is difficult-,49题 第17页4)A doAdditional social stresses may also occurbecause of the population explosion orproblems arising from mass migrationmovements themselves made relativelyeasy nowadays by modern means oftransport.-,75题第18页4)A doMain Structure:stresses may occur-,75题第19页5)A do BFurthermore,humans have the ability tomodify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms totheir own peculiar ideas and fancies.-,61题第20页Main structure:humans have ability-,61题5)A do B第21页6)A do B CThe emphasis on data gathered first-hand,combined with a cross-culturalperspective brought to the analysis ofcultures past and present,makes thisstudy a unique and distinctly importantsocial science.-,63题第22页6)A do B CMain structure:emphasis makes study science.-,63题 第23页1、词汇翻译、词汇翻译:第24页The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us;where before we were experts in the array of limitations,now we become authorities of what is possible.(,50题)第25页Thus,the anthropological concept of“culture”,like the concept of“set”in mathematics,is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.(,65题)第26页But his primary task is not to think about moral code,which governs his activity,any more than a business man is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.(,49题)第27页Allens contribution was to take an assumption we all share that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts and reveal its erroneous nature.(,46题)第28页In physics,one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme,and seeks a theory of everything a single generative equation for all we see.(,46题)第29页2、短语翻译、短语翻译:第30页1)“俚语化俚语化”短语短语:每个单词都认识,放在一起不知道什么意思.reflect on;shop floor;in store;root in,stem from,flow from;stick to,adhere to.第31页2)“比较结构比较结构”短语短语比较结构多英式思维,极难字面翻译,熟记含义前提下灵活利用.第32页(一)more than常见使用方法:1)不但仅,超出,不一样于:e.g.1 They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries.第33页2)非常,不止于:e.g.2 I am more than willingly to go out with you.第34页3)并非,不是e.g.3 The beauty of Chengdu is more than words can describe.第35页(二)not more than与no more than:1)not more than:不超出,少于等于e.g.4 The farmer has not more than 20 goats.第36页2)no more than:只不过,仅仅(等于)e.g.5 The farmer has no more than 20 goats.e.g.6 After ten years hard working,he remains no more than a clerk.同义短语还有:nothing/little/never/hardly more than第37页(三)not less than与no less than:1)“not less than”:不少于,大于等于e.g.7 The farmer has not less than 20 goats.第38页2)no less than:多达,高达(等于)e.g.8 The farmer has no less than 20 goats.e.g.9 No less than 50 percent of the people voted for the new president candidate.同义短语还有:nothing/little less than第39页(四)more A than B与less A than B:1)more A than B:与其说B,不如说Ae.g.10 He was more hurt than frightened.第40页2)less A than B:与其说A,不如说Be.g.11 He was less hurt than frightened.第41页(五)rather than:1)单纯表否定,等于and not:e.g.12 The color seems green rather than blue.第42页2)表示两种说法正确程度,A rather than B=more A than Be.g.13 He lay rather than sat in his armchair.第43页3)表示主观上优选,宁可.,也不.e.g.14 Rather than surrender,he would prefer to die.第44页(六)“A is not B any more than C is D:“正如C不是D一样,A也不是B”:e.g.13 You are not Romeo any more than I am Juliet.第45页3、句子成份翻译方法、句子成份翻译方法第46页 总标准总标准:“英语定语多后置,汉语定语多前置”最常见两种后置定语翻译方法最常见两种后置定语翻译方法:1)介宾形式后置定语;2)非谓语动词形式后置定语.一、一、后置定语翻译：后置定语翻译：第47页1)介宾形式后置定语:适用条件:由多个介宾短语并列组成,通常为 了符合英文行文习惯,介宾短语 表示范围普通为由小到大.处理方法:按照汉语行文习惯,变换次序为 由大到小.第48页e.g.1 But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding (of the established conventions and special responsibilities)(of the news media.)(,48题)第49页e.g.2 In fact,it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp(of the basic features)(of the Canadian Constitution)can do a competent job on political stories.(,49题)第50页e.g.3 But his primary task is not to think about the moral code,which governs his activity,any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration(of rules)(of conduct)(in business).(,49题)第51页2)非谓语动词形式长后置定语:适用条件:由非谓语组成短语结构,其逻辑 上主语就是被修饰名词性结构.处理方法:将其单独译为一个分句,doing表 示主动/正在,done表示被动/完成,to do表示意愿/未来.第52页e.g.4 On the other hand,he did not accept as well founded the charge (made by some of his critics)that,while he was a good observer,he had no power of reasoning.(,48题)第53页 二、非谓语动词：二、非谓语动词：总标准：总标准：必须知道两件事情必须知道两件事情:1)逻辑主语是谁逻辑主语是谁?2)过去分词什么意思过去分词什么意思?现在分词什么意思现在分词什么意思?不定式什么意思不定式什么意思?第54页e.g.1 Coming from Iran,I have a keen interest in Middle Eastern culture.我来自伊朗,对中东文化有浓厚 兴趣.第55页e.g.2 Managed badly,email can be a waste of valuable time.电子邮件被管理不妥,会浪费我们宝 贵时间.第56页 总体标准总体标准:”长后短前长后短前”(和主句相比和主句相比)较短较短-直译为前置定语直译为前置定语,加加”;较长较长-译为并列分句译为并列分句,重复先行重复先行 词或用代词替换词或用代词替换.三、三、定语从句翻译：定语从句翻译：第57页e.g.1 It is the book which interets me.这是一本我感兴趣()书.e.g.2 But Miggles laugh,which was very infectious,broke the silence.不过米格尔富有感染力笑声打破了 沉静.第58页e.g.3 They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which,in the past,many Chinese have laid down their lives.第59页他们正在为实现一个理想而努力,这个理想是每个中国人所珍惜,在过去,许多中国人曾为这个理想牺牲了自己生命.(重复先行词”这个理想”)第60页e.g.4 I told the story to John,who told it to his brother later.我把这个故事告诉了约翰,约翰(他)随 后告诉了他弟弟.(重复先行词约翰或用代词“他”替换)第61页e.g.5 Scientists in that country are now supplied with necessary books,equipment and assistant that will ensure success in their scientific research.第62页 总体标准总体标准:“即即”四、同位语四、同位语从句翻译从句翻译:第63页e.g.1 My grandfather was obviously wrong in his opinion that a womans place was in the home.我祖父在他一个观点(即所谓女人位 置在家里)上,是显著错误.第64页e.g.2 He expressed the hope that he could visit our city again.他表示了一个希望,即他能够再次 访问我们城市.第65页e.g.3 Yet,from the beginning,the fact that I was alive was ignored.然而,从开始,一个事实(即我依然活 着)就被忽略了.第66页 总体标准总体标准:普通宾语从句普通宾语从句-“顺译顺译”;形式宾语从句形式宾语从句-“逆译逆译”.五、五、宾语从句翻宾语从句翻译译第67页e.g.1 They believe that they will surely win the game.他们相信他们必定会赢得这场比赛.第68页e.g.2 I dont know how he swam across the river.我不知道他是怎么游过那条河.e.g.3 I dont know that he swam across the river.我不知道他游过那条河了.第69页e.g.4 He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.他再三提醒大家,这件事并不只是由他 一个人决定,还由其它许多人一起决定.第70页e.g.5 I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in the morning.他们必须在早晨十点之前提交论文,我把这件事情向他们讲得很清楚.第71页e.g.6 I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被选中参加会议,我把这件事情当 成一个荣誉.第72页 e.g.7 We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.我们应该对外部世界敞开我们大门,我们认为这件事情是绝对必要.第73页 总体标准总体标准:“顺译顺译”六、表语从句翻六、表语从句翻译：译：第74页e.g.1 Time factor is what we have to take into consideration.时间原因是我们不得不考虑.第75页e.g.2 The question which worries everyone today is how long will these fuels last.今天每个人都担心问题是:这 些燃料将能用多久.第76页e.g.3 This is because the direct current flows in a wire always in one direction.这是因为直流电在导线中总沿着一个 方向流动.第77页e.g.4 This is what we have discussed today.这就是今天我们讨论内容.第78页e.g.5 This is where I disagree with you.这就是我不一样意你地方.第79页 总标准总标准:普通主语从句普通主语从句-“顺译顺译”;形式主语从句形式主语从句-“逆译逆译”七、主语从句翻七、主语从句翻译译第80页e.g.1 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all of us.地球绕着太阳转(这件事情),是我们每 个人都知道.第81页e.g.2 When we will start tomorrow is not decided yet.我们明天几点出发(这件事),还没决定.第82页e.g.3 How many people died from the earthquake that year will never be known.那年在地震里死了多少人(这件事情),将永远不会被知道.第83页e.g.4 It is quite obvious that he was totally misunderstood.他被完全误解了,这是很显著.第84页 总体标准总体标准:“顺译、逆译均可顺译、逆译均可”八、状语从句八、状语从句翻译翻译:第85页e.g.1 When the storm had passed,we continued our way.暴风雨过后,我们继续赶路.第86页e.g.2 The students stood up before the teacher had come in.在老师进来之前,学生们就站起来了.第87页 总体标准总体标准:“分清主、被动者分清主、被动者”“泛指性主语泛指性主语”九、被动语态翻译九、被动语态翻译:第88页e.g.1 The minister was found to have appropriated government money.部长被发觉挪用公款.(人们发觉部长挪用公款.)第89页e.g.2 He was praised by his teacher.他被老师表彰了.(老师表彰了他.)第90页e.g.3 Problems should be resolved in good time.问题应及时被处理.(我们应该及时处理问题.)第91页e.g.4 Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid.水能被从液体变成固体.(我们能够把水从液体变成固体.)第92页e.g.5 Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.热和光能够被这个化学反应放出.(这个化学反应能放出热和光.)第93页e.g.6 Communication satellites have already been used for living transmission in our country.在我国通讯卫星已经被用于实况直播.(在我国人们已经把通讯卫星用于实 况直播.)第94页e.g.8 Measurements have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading.办法已经被采取来预防流行病蔓延.(人们已经采取办法预防流行病蔓延.)第95页e.g.9 Printing was introduced into Europe from China.印刷术被从中国介绍到了欧洲.(人们把印刷术从中国介绍到了欧洲.)第96页十、形式主语十、形式主语翻译翻译:总体标准总体标准:“先真后假先真后假”第97页e.g.1 It is no exaggeration to say she is the best mother in the world.说她是世上最好母亲,这是不夸大.第98页e.g.2 It goes without saying that these waves travel at the speed of light.这些波以光速传输,这是不言自明。第99页e.g.3 It was rather hard to bring up the child on her own.靠她自己抚养孩子,这十分不轻易.第100页e.g.4 It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后竟然还活着,这看起来难以置信.第101页e.g.5 It was incorrectly believed that current flowed from positive to negative.电流由正极向负极流动,这件事情被 错误相信.第102页考研英语翻译真题练习第103页e.g.1 ,64题Being interested in the relationship of language and thought,Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.第104页e.g.2 ,50题 Chomskys grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it,whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.第105页