非谓语动词总复习省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

非谓语动词非谓语动词分类：分类：to do-to do-不定式不定式 doing doing 动名词动名词 现在分词现在分词 done done 过去分词过去分词注：使用非谓语动词也要考虑时注：使用非谓语动词也要考虑时态语态，（除了过去分词）态语态，（除了过去分词）第第1页页非谓语动词使用条件非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词，在没在没在没有连词情况下，还有别动词出现时，有连词情况下，还有别动词出现时，有连词情况下，还有别动词出现时，比如：比如：比如：She got off the bus,_(leave)her handbag on She got off the bus,_(leave)her handbag on She got off the bus,_(leave)her handbag on her seat.her seat.her seat.She got off the bus,but_(leave)her handbag She got off the bus,but_(leave)her handbag She got off the bus,but_(leave)her handbag on her seat.on her seat.on her seat.leavingleavingleftleft第第2页页主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语 宾补宾补动动名名词词不不定定式式分分词词现在，我们简明回顾其主要考点：现在，我们简明回顾其主要考点：非谓语动词句法功效非谓语动词句法功效第第3页页一一.不定式不定式1.1.不定式时态和语态：不定式时态和语态：不定式时态和语态：不定式时态和语态：主主 动动被被 动动普通式普通式进行式完成式to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been done无无第第4页页We plan to pay a visit.The teacher ordered the work to be done.The boy pretended to be working hard.I happened to have seen the film.Read and think:第第5页页2.2.不定式使用方法不定式使用方法：2.12.1-It is silly of you _ all eggs in -It is silly of you _ all eggs in one basket.one basket.-That was the worst mistake Ive -That was the worst mistake Ive ever made.ever made.A.to put B.to have putto put B.to have putC.putting D.having putC.putting D.having putB B2.12.1 不定式做主语不定式做主语不定式做主语不定式做主语。第第6页页2.22.2 My job was to wash bottles,which My job was to wash bottles,which would then be filled with wine,or _ would then be filled with wine,or _ the filled bottles.the filled bottles.A.to put B.puttingto put B.puttingC.having put D.being putC.having put D.being putA A2.22.2 不定式作表语不定式作表语不定式作表语不定式作表语。第第7页页有些动词之后常跟to do作宾语，这类动词有如如agree,offer,intend/plan,demand/ask,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope/want/expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,claim,aim,hesitate等等2.3 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙准备决定遭拒绝，勇于选择有希望准备决定遭拒绝，勇于选择有希望不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心坚不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心坚哀求安排买得起，生成目标不犹豫哀求安排买得起，生成目标不犹豫第第8页页2.3 2.3 Mr.Smith warned his daughter Mr.Smith warned his daughter _ after drinking._ after drinking.A.never to drive B.to never drivenever to drive B.to never driveC.never driving D.never driveC.never driving D.never driveA A2.4 2.4 不定式作宾补不定式作宾补不定式作宾补不定式作宾补。惯用在。惯用在。惯用在。惯用在ask,tell,ask,tell,expect,encourage,advise,order,inspireexpect,encourage,advise,order,inspire等词后等词后等词后等词后第第9页页注意：有些动词后接不带注意：有些动词后接不带toto不定式做宾补不定式做宾补 ，五看：五看：watch,look at,see,observe,watch,look at,see,observe,notice notice 三使：三使：let,make,have let,make,have 两听：两听：hear,listen tohear,listen to一感觉：一感觉：feelfeel eg：I saw him _(walk)into the park.His mother made him _(get)up early in winter.walkwalkgetgetHe was seen _(walk)into He was seen _(walk)into the park.the park.to walkto walk第第10页页动词不定式可用在被the first，the second，the last，the only和最高级等限定名词或代词后面作定语。He is always the first to come and the last to leave school.We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.I have a meeting to attend.There are a lot of work to do.The ability to communicate with others well is very important in the society.2.52.5 作定语作定语作定语作定语。第第11页页1(重庆卷重庆卷)Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one_first is the library.Arepaired Bbeing repairedCrepairing Dto be repaired2.I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term.A.completing B.to complete C.completed D.being completedD DB B第第12页页不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目状语、结果状语或原因作状语时往往用来作目状语、结果状语或原因状语。状语。1不定式用来作目状语：往往译作不定式用来作目状语：往往译作“为了，为了，想要想要”。放在句中不用逗号隔开。放在句中不用逗号隔开He worked day and night to get the money.2.62.6 作状语作状语作状语作状语。第第13页页1.He is too tired to get up early.2不定式用于不定式用于too.to；only to do等结构中作等结构中作结结果状语。果状语。Translate：1.他太疲惫了而不能早起。他太疲惫了而不能早起。2.他慌忙去了售票处，结果被告诉全部票已经卖他慌忙去了售票处，结果被告诉全部票已经卖完了。完了。2.He hurried to the booking office_all the tickets had been sold out.only to be told 第第14页页3.不定式做原因状语惯用于一些表情绪形容词后，比如 happy,glad,pleased,sad,sorry,disappointed等1.They were very sad to hear the news.2.Im sorry to trouble you.Translate:1.他们听到这个消息很悲伤。2.我很抱歉麻烦你。第第15页页二二.动名词动名词1.1.动名词时态和语态：动名词时态和语态：动名词时态和语态：动名词时态和语态：主动语态 被动语态普通式普通式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done1.My hobby is swimming.My hobby is swimming.2.He came to the party without being invited.He came to the party without being invited.第第16页页It is a waste of+n.+(in)doing sth.It is a waste of+n.+(in)doing sth.It is littleIt is little/no/no good good/use/use doing sth.doing sth.It is useless doing sth.It is useless doing sth.2.2.动名词使用方法：动名词使用方法：动名词使用方法：动名词使用方法：2.12.1 作主语。作主语。作主语。作主语。第第17页页2.2.2.2.以下动词用动名词作宾语以下动词用动名词作宾语以下动词用动名词作宾语以下动词用动名词作宾语：avoid,miss,postpone,advise,finish,avoid,miss,postpone,advise,finish,practise,enjoy,imagine,cant help,admit,practise,enjoy,imagine,cant help,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mindkeep,mind防止错过少延期，提议完成多练习防止错过少延期，提议完成多练习防止错过少延期，提议完成多练习防止错过少延期，提议完成多练习喜欢想象禁不住，认可否定与嫉妒喜欢想象禁不住，认可否定与嫉妒喜欢想象禁不住，认可否定与嫉妒喜欢想象禁不住，认可否定与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意第第18页页 不定式作宾语和动名词作宾语区分：不定式作宾语和动名词作宾语区分：I.I.有些词跟有些词跟有些词跟有些词跟to doto do和和和和doingdoing作宾语时，区分不大，作宾语时，区分不大，作宾语时，区分不大，作宾语时，区分不大，如如如如like,love,hate,prefer,continue,like,love,hate,prefer,continue,begin,startbegin,start 。第第19页页II.II.区分以下结构：区分以下结构：区分以下结构：区分以下结构：try to do/doing try to do/doing mean to do/doingmean to do/doingstop to do/doingstop to do/doinggo on to do/doinggo on to do/doingremember/forget/regret to do/doingremember/forget/regret to do/doing 第第20页页1.Im sorry I forgot _ your dictionary.Lets borrow one from Li Ming.A.to take B.taking C.to bring D.bringing2.My brother regretted _ a lecture given by Professor Liu.A.not attending B.not to attending C.attended D.being attendedC CA A第第21页页 三、三、分分 词词现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义，而过去分现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义，而过去分现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义，而过去分现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义，而过去分词表示被动或已经完成意义。词表示被动或已经完成意义。词表示被动或已经完成意义。词表示被动或已经完成意义。falling leavesfalling leaves the rising sun the rising sunfallen leavesfallen leaves the risen sun the risen sunboiling water boiling water developing countriesdeveloping countriesboiled water boiled water developed countriesdeveloped countries 1.1.分词基本意义：分词基本意义：分词基本意义：分词基本意义：第第22页页1.21.2分词时态和形式分词时态和形式分词时态和形式分词时态和形式 主动语态 被动语态普通式普通式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done过去分词只有一个形式过去分词只有一个形式 done第第23页页3.1.13.1.1 现在分词作定语，表主动意义；现在分词作定语，表主动意义；现在分词作定语，表主动意义；现在分词作定语，表主动意义；3.1.23.1.2 过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；Eg：There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.第第24页页1.A few days after the interviewI received a letter me admission to the university.Aoffering Boffered Chaving offered Dto be offered2.Its reported that the bridge _ next year will be very long.A.being built B.building C.to be built D.built3.Black boxes,_ to record Flight data together with pilots conversation and noises from the aircraft,are important for people to find out the cause of an air crash.A.designB.designingC.designedD.were designedA AC CC C第第25页页3.23.2 分词作表语分词作表语分词作表语分词作表语I am surprised to hear the news.The news is surprising.第第26页页3.2 分词作宾补分词作宾补We heard him singing the song when we came in.We have heard the song sung twice.We heard him sing the song all day long.1.The missing boys were last seen near the river.Aplaying Bto be playing CplayDto play2.The next morning she found the man in bed,dead.Alying Blie Clay DLaying3.Because of my poor English Im afraid I cant make myself _.A.understand B.be understood C.understood D.understanding A AA AC C第第27页页3.4.13.4.1 We often provide our children with We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,_ that toys,footballs or basketballs,_ that all children like these things.all children like these things.A.thinking B.thinkthinking B.thinkC.to think D.thoughtC.to think D.thoughtA A3.4.13.4.1 现分作状语，主动，表现分作状语，主动，表现分作状语，主动，表现分作状语，主动，表原因原因原因原因。3.4 3.4 分词作状语：分词作状语：分词作状语：分词作状语：第第28页页3.4.23.4.2 _ different cultures,we often _ different cultures,we often pay attention only to the differences pay attention only to the differences without the many similarities.without the many similarities.A.Compared B.Being comparedCompared B.Being comparedC.Comparing D.Having compared C.Comparing D.Having compared C C3.4.2 3.4.2 现分作状语，主动，现分作状语，主动，现分作状语，主动，现分作状语，主动，表表表表时间时间时间时间。第第29页页3.4.33.4.3 Dont sit there _ nothing.Come Dont sit there _ nothing.Come and help me with this table.and help me with this table.A.do B.to do C.doing D.and doingA.do B.to do C.doing D.and doingC C3.4.33.4.3 现分作状语，主动，表现分作状语，主动，表现分作状语，主动，表现分作状语，主动，表伴随伴随伴随伴随。3.4.43.4.4 _ time,hell make a first-class _ time,hell make a first-class tennis player.tennis player.A.Having given B.To giveHaving given B.To give C.Giving D.Given C.Giving D.GivenD D3.4.43.4.4过分作状语，被动，表过分作状语，被动，表过分作状语，被动，表过分作状语，被动，表条件条件条件条件。第第30页页3.4.53.4.5 A lot of good land has gone with A lot of good land has gone with them,_ only sand.them,_ only sand.A.to leave B.leaving to leave B.leaving C.left D.being leavingC.left D.being leavingB B3.4.53.4.5 现分作状语，现分作状语，现分作状语，现分作状语，主动，表结果。主动，表结果。主动，表结果。主动，表结果。*to do to do 也表结果也表结果也表结果也表结果,如：如：如：如：e.g.e.g.He hurried to the station He hurried to the station only to only to find the train gone.find the train gone.区分：区分：区分：区分：不定式表预料之外结果；不定式表预料之外结果；不定式表预料之外结果；不定式表预料之外结果；现分表自然结果。现分表自然结果。现分表自然结果。现分表自然结果。第第31页页四四四四 归纳非谓语动词作用及形式归纳非谓语动词作用及形式归纳非谓语动词作用及形式归纳非谓语动词作用及形式非谓语动非谓语动非谓语动非谓语动词形式词形式词形式词形式不定式不定式不定式不定式动名词动名词动名词动名词分词分词分词分词主主主主宾宾宾宾表表表表定定定定状状状状补补补补第第32页页非谓语 主 动 式 被 动 式 形式普通普通式式进行式进行式 完成式完成式普通普通式式进行式进行式完成式完成式 不定式不定式不定式不定式动名词动名词动名词动名词现分现分现分现分过分过分过分过分to doto dodoingdoingdoingdoingdonedoneto be to be doingdoingto have to have donedonehaving having donedonehaving having donedoneto be to be done done being being donedone being being donedoneto have to have been done been done having been having been donedone having been having been donedone第第33页页五五五五 独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构1.1.分词独立主格：分词独立主格：分词独立主格：分词独立主格：The meeting _ over,he went to pick up The meeting _ over,he went to pick up his son directly.his son directly.A.to be B.is C.was D.beingA.to be B.is C.was D.beingD D分词在句中作状语时，能够有自己逻辑主语，由名分词在句中作状语时，能够有自己逻辑主语，由名分词在句中作状语时，能够有自己逻辑主语，由名分词在句中作状语时，能够有自己逻辑主语，由名词或代词主格充当，置于分词前，这种结构称为分词或代词主格充当，置于分词前，这种结构称为分词或代词主格充当，置于分词前，这种结构称为分词或代词主格充当，置于分词前，这种结构称为分词词词词独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构。它不是句子，因为没有实际主语。它不是句子，因为没有实际主语。它不是句子，因为没有实际主语。它不是句子，因为没有实际主语和谓语，表时间，原因，条件或方式。和谓语，表时间，原因，条件或方式。和谓语，表时间，原因，条件或方式。和谓语，表时间，原因，条件或方式。第第34页页1.11.1 _,well go out for a walk._,well go out for a walk.A.Weather permits B.Weather to permitWeather permits B.Weather to permitC.Weather permitted D.Weather permittingC.Weather permitted D.Weather permittingD D1.21.2 Tom looked a t Jenny,tears _ his Tom looked a t Jenny,tears _ his eyes,and shouted out the words _ in eyes,and shouted out the words _ in his heart for years.his heart for years.A.filling;having been hidden filling;having been hidden B.filled;hidden C.filling;hidden filled;hidden C.filling;hidden D.filled;hiding D.filled;hidingC C第第35页页1.31.3 Everything _ into consideration,Everything _ into consideration,they ought to have another chance.they ought to have another chance.A.to take B.takento take B.takenC.to be taken D.takingC.to be taken D.takingB BMore:More:He guiding the blind girlHe guiding the blind girl,they,they walked slowly across the street.walked slowly across the street.She lay against the wall,She lay against the wall,the sun the sun shining upon her faceshining upon her face.第第36页页4.The party will be held in the garden,weather .A.permitting B.to permit C.permitted D.permit5.5.Film has a much shorter history,especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.A.having compared to B.comparing toC.compare to D.compared to6._ with care,one tin will last for six weeks.A.Use B.Using C.Used D.To use7._ at the door before you enter my room,please.A.Knock B.Knocking C.Knocked D.To knockA AD DC CA A第第37页页六六六六 withwith复合结构复合结构复合结构复合结构1.With two exams _,I have to work really 1.With two exams _,I have to work really hard this weekend.hard this weekend.A.worry about B.to worry about worry about B.to worry about C.worried about D.worrying about C.worried about D.worrying about 2.With more and more forests_,some 2.With more and more forests_,some animals and plants are facing the danger of animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.dying out.A.damaged B.being damaged A.damaged B.being damaged C.to be damaged D.damaging C.to be damaged D.damaging3.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise 3.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _._.A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go onA.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go onB BA AA A第第38页页1.Tony lent me the money,_ that Id do as much for him.A.hopingB.to hopeC.hopedD.having hoped2._to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.A.Having been asked B.To ask C.Having asked D.To be asked 3.3.Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A.to be made B.being madeC.made D.having been madeA AA AA Apractice第第39页页