高考英语专题总结完形填空解题方略省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

巧用暗示性词语巧用暗示性词语(clue words)第1页完形填空试题命题策略完形填空试题命题策略完形填空是考查学生在语境中选择恰当语词完成语篇表示能力，详细包含语篇了解能力以及在详细语境中准确利用语词能力第2页考点考点完形填空考查语篇层面语词利用能力。语篇了解：70%语句了解：30%。考点应该覆盖考纲所要求考点，实义词占80%，虚词普通只占20%。第3页难、易度经过本句-易经过本句与上句下句了解-中经过整篇了解-难提醒性语句离试题本句越远，难度越大。也应设计少许依据生活常识等图式才能判断选择答案试题。第4页知识目标：知识目标：了解句子、段落、篇章中衔接与连贯了解句子、段落、篇章中衔接与连贯 语义场语义场暗示性词语暗示性词语(clue words)及其及其显性显性 暗示暗示和和隐性暗示隐性暗示七种伎俩。七种伎俩。掌握完形填空中利用掌握完形填空中利用显性暗示显性暗示和和隐性隐性 暗示暗示解题技巧，并利用其解题。解题技巧，并利用其解题。第5页Leading-inGuess the missing words in the song Im a New Soul.第6页Brain stormingIm a New SoulIm a _ soul I came to this strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about how to give and_.But since I came herefelt the joy and the _finding myself making every possible _la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.Im a _ soul in this very strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about what is true and _.But why all this hate try to communicatefinding trust and love is not always easy to make.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la._New_newtakefearmistakeyoungfaith第7页What is a clue word?AcluewordAclueword(暗示词暗示词)isisawordthatislinkedtoawordthatislinkedtotheanswer,soitistheanswer,soitisveryusefulinaclozeveryusefulinacloze.A.Accordingccordingtothecluewords,youllfinditmucheasiertodoatothecluewords,youllfinditmucheasiertodoacloze.cloze.A clue word can be found either _ or _ the blanks.beforeafterThe position of a clue word?第8页1)Mr.Brownisateacher,heworksintheschool.2)KFCstaffnotonlyworkintheday,butalsoworkduringthenight.3)Itissourgentthathehasnotimetoexplainmore.4)Lindaslippedandfelldownthestairsbecausethefloorwaswet.5)Timeisveryvaluable.Wemusttreasureourtime.Find out the clue words in the following sentences within 20 seconds.2019181716151413121110 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 11)Mr.Brownisateacher,heworksinthe_.2)KFCstaffnotonlyworkinthe day,butalsoworkduringthe_.3)Itissourgentthathehas_timetoexplainmore.4)Linda_andfelldownthestairsbecausethe floor was wet.5)Timeisveryvaluable.Wemust_ourtime.schoolnightnoslippedtreasure第9页Hidden Clues隐性暗示隐性暗示Clue Words提醒词In terms of the relationship between the clue words and the keysObvious Clues 显性暗示显性暗示第10页 1 1)第一个显性暗示伎俩第一个显性暗示伎俩:同词同词暗示（暗示（同源词同源词）有时为了表示需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，能够借助这一信息选择正确答案。如：Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswordseveragain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21(automatically)loggedin?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga22.（NMET广东）22.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system _第11页2)2)第二种显性暗示伎俩：第二种显性暗示伎俩：同义词、近义词同义词、近义词暗示暗示 原文表示中，可借助意思相同或相近词，有时则是用解释性语言来连接上下文语义。如：如：Oneofthemostpopulartrendstodayisforfamiliesandgroupstogowithathemewhenchoosingtheircostumes.Forexample,costumesmightbe_4_onthebasisofafavoritemovie,fairytale,orsomeotherconnectingtheme.4.A.purchasedB.selectedC.gainedD.rewarded_第12页3)3)第三种显性暗示伎俩：第三种显性暗示伎俩：反义词反义词暗示暗示 语意连贯有时经过对比结构采取反义复现 伎俩，或者是以反义方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义角度判断正确选项。(NMET-全国II)WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.Idecidedto21acarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore22home.21.A.borrowB.driveC.buyD.choose22.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting_第13页4)4)第四种显性暗示伎俩：第四种显性暗示伎俩：上下义词上下义词暗示暗示 上下义词是指词总结和分解关系,上义词是总称词,下义词是其包含个体或种类。Hetaughtherhowtorelyonother_,specificallyherhearing.(NMET湖北)A.feelingsB.organsC.skillsD.senses_上义词sports_renewableenergy_下义词badminton,running,footballrice,noodles,bread_table,sofa,bed第14页WhenIturnedfourteen,sheboughtmeasecondhand_andtoldmethatIcouldbecomeawriter.(NMET江苏)A.cameraB.radioC.bicycleD.typewriter5)5)第一个隐性暗示：第一个隐性暗示：同一话题（场景）同一话题（场景）暗示暗示 一些词汇或表示是围绕同一个话题或同一个场景展开。_第15页(NMET-全国II)Ihadtriedoutamodellikeit(bicycle)before,butasIwasnotyet24drivinginthiscity,mywifedidnotwantmetocollectit25sowewenttogetherto26it.24.A.sureofB.satisfiedwithC.interestedinD.usedto25.A.onmyownB.rightawayC.inahurryD.ontheway26.A.receiveB.bringC.orderD.fetch6)6)第二种隐性暗示：第二种隐性暗示：因果因果暗示暗示在同一个句子或段落中，有时前后词语之间存在必定因果关系。_第16页7)7)第三种隐性暗示：第三种隐性暗示：搭配搭配暗示暗示形容词和名词之间、动词和副词之间、动词和宾语存在搭配关系。(新课标全国卷)And(theprofessor)wentonsaying,“Youhavejust41animportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Never42yourownsenses.”41.AlearnedB.preparedC.taughtD.taken42.AloseB.trustC.sharpenD.show_第17页Obvious Clues显性暗示显性暗示Hidden Clues 隐性暗示隐性暗示In terms of the relationship between the clue words and the blanks1.同词（同源词）同词（同源词）2.同义词、同义词、近义词近义词3.反义词反义词4.上下义词上下义词Clue Words提醒词1.同一话题同一话题（场景）（场景）2.因果因果3.搭配搭配第18页 Lets apply our skills of finding clue words to do the cloze tests in NMET&Guangdong.第19页NMETGuangdongCloze(完形填空)Twokeywords:_(cultural)differencesdoors第20页Controlled-practice 21、22、23 同词（同源词）暗示；同词（同源词）暗示；24、25 反义暗示反义暗示Every country has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors,doors may have 21 functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences.When I first came to America,I noticed that a public building had two different 23 and they had distinct functions.You have to push the door with the word“PUSH”to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word“PULL”to 24 the building.This was new to me,because we use the 25 door in South Korea.For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.21.A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual22.A.national B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing23.A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors24.A.enter B.leave C.open D.close25.A.main B.same C.front D.backdoordoorgo out ofdifferent_doorsdoordoors第21页 Half-controlled practice:因果暗示因果暗示2题；近义词暗示题；近义词暗示1题；题；同同词（同源词）暗示词（同源词）暗示1题、反义词暗示题、反义词暗示1题。题。The way of using school bus doors was also 26 to me.I used to take the school bus to classes.The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors,27 who were getting off the bus should get off first,and students who were getting on should get on 28.In South Korea,we do not need to wait for people to get off.One morning,I hurried to the bus,and when the bus doors opened,I 29 tried to get on the school bus through the front door.All the students around looked at me,I was totally 30,and my face went red.（NMET 广东）广东）26.A.annoying B.hard C.satisfying D.strange27.A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers28.A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier29.A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly30.A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited与上一段首句“new”近义暗示students_同词（同源词）暗示反义暗示因果暗示因果暗示第22页NMETGuangdongCloze(完形填空)Twokeyphrases:_specialclassesgiftedchildren第23页 It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual(智力智力)growth by 2 situation that are designed for the 3 children.There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.However,to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.1.A.principle B.theory C.arguments D.classification2.A.designing B.grouping C.learning D.living3.A.smart B.curious C.mature D.average4.A.regular B.special C.small D.creative5.A.children B.programs C.graduates D.designsFreePracticeNMETGuangdongClozeTestarguedchildrenclassesintellectual_children_theseHowevergifted同词（同源词）暗示同一话题暗示同一话题（场景）暗示反义暗示反义暗示因果暗示 _ _第24页 However,to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class.In the special class,they showed little ability to use their own judgment,relying 8 on their teachers directions.In the regular class,having no worry about keeping up,they began to reflect 9 on many problems,some of which were not on the school program.5.A.children B.programs C.graduates D.designs6.A.intelligent B.competent C.ordinary D.independent7.A.separate B.regular C.new D.boring8.A.specially B.slightly C.wrongly D.heavily9.A.directly B.cleverly C.voluntarily D.quickly _反义暗示与gifted近义暗示gifted children_因果暗示反义暗示因果暗示第25页Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome10andloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis11ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese12simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare13.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey14sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisan15child.10.A.doubted B.bored C.worried D.tired11.A.concern B.conclusion C.reflection D.interest12.A.students B.adults C.scholars D.teachers13.A.talented B.worried C.learned D.interested14.A.believe B.think C.say D.feel 15.A.outstanding B.intelligent C.anxious D.ordinary_this_these_so_近义暗示同词（同源词）暗示上下义词暗示_近义暗示同词（同源词）暗示近义暗示_同词（同源词）暗示同词（同源词）暗示第26页1.Inacloze,acluewordcanbefoundeitherbeforeorafterablank.2.Inanarticle,therearelotsofcluewords.Summary第27页3.Inasentenceorapassage,ifsomewordsaremissing,youcanapply7skillstofindoutcluewordstocompletethesentenceorpassage.Inthisway,youllfinditmucheasiertodoaclozetestefficiently.Summary第28页Obvious Clues显性暗示显性暗示Hidden Clues 隐性暗示隐性暗示In terms of the relationship between the clue words and the blanks1.同词（同源词）同词（同源词）2.同义词、同义词、近义词近义词3.反义词反义词4.上下义词上下义词Clue Words提醒词1.同一话题同一话题（场景）（场景）2.因果因果3.搭配搭配第29页