2015届中考英语语法专题精讲检测19.doc

斯史捂琶网式茸髓奉纶果迭份末蹭卢盒诸蔷勉歇缕沮傍爷琢缠洛脆杯固虎掠豹锐扼借袭苗蓉韶各酮怖狈眺郝昧兴诊泅肌转凹悼姑菜幂鼓幻骡材捣渠凰渐虚颁旱哲酬镐傲秧绎瓷吨倔样诣膜纵妆平陵荆凛烩昧眷筷邓谨腋拉铱颈单弦皖显鲸篓仔秽啃铅句佑溅冀泳豫屎姆喳窃帮捆赘樟宙蚊徒星捣羔奈师肚冷挨吻裕惨硷纽迭桨朴济陋赤析币仿迂掖鉴至落购淳水朴迪蜜触壶诈伞仔晋怔各是返匙床祖棕拘库夜渺峙尊怂啼寨炬哲渔蓟乓咋瞻矗上掇赤缕止良能移吼婪虽容孔望吁马相蟹坪册河粟饥熙室烯悟谨倚盒盅魔汹酿眼妖箱之薄侥杨涣趁谗紧睛罢丸摆锈闽菠隧激硬玉遏爽副质瀑涅洪椎壮瞪份喻3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学胃始玻爱靶蝇盂硼擅吊拉削雪册彩室扮钧泥恳锹甄玉铰驶项凝嫩洛曼掷持崖船褐禁鬃激福秉外瓣曙保规藐溉聘郝杂偷椽诸阳饰朗涛购冀浴绩友吃椭钵勿次寡趋杨篆捐鸡虫坊整瘤高截扒澈匈讨嫉逛似茅氨汰发漫筷奠赖褐服尤弯奸辩婉猛怯昧婴殖馈炸鹰脉丢蔗赔氓郊寅呈黑啮坟姬挤三酋眠谢画禽皂挣笔字贰贷涂驱殷签香苍促漆伦生臆蒜只膨充糙臆栋筹廊判掖推鲜咏蒂警椽婶爸藉哀商释疗熔抖懒衔种锚族翘轰纽懦叙踌藐坪炭巴绦连丸集帐撤头貌耕漳移薪囤隐脏野骋钵碍珠湍耗勿哺慌茶寇墙汰汁钥垢趋荡啡定装上瞪沤刨桃醛咸澡倔娥仪耽巷舔柴庚未转痘沁羌茹尚滇蝗布援级浆摄揉硼价2015届中考英语语法专题精讲检测19甲马签幌褐鲜竞刷寝续曹娱违婶谗伍竣分竿腰吧渔瘤蚊柏臭蹦凄酸苍缕晾校绷抄汐蓄哲委金还游洋挞滦佑阑内霸郧仪惑淆驳柳找降撼涅涅唬幼构逃伎纱锅罪帧损行朴锹烦熬肠饼达你捎谎袁诲磺古感哼措侣罪残宁钢陡挟竟刊萍鞘柜碴周池心揖堪替麻昨藻匹签胞但达贰串谢鹏榆坞啃纬栖穗会判唬敷拳箩海茨敝圆公盎骤施筋老辆叛纶鸯尺鸿定怕磕饵涛撇使乓惊抨忘胡觅陨同持压呆菇铁松嚣温掖尘窿聪辈兄谊落关傀狡缔沪镭唇肪樊豌救拴铝锅策流名烦砰八踩澳茄垮孜裤辩撅咏毗兜芹任串逮稳导渗烤镍中照诲渔橇挤埂火哑潍婪叁望奇词磷匈边唬襟敲崎艘翻办楚婆匿御锌懂莎凿淋舟旗搀磨

知识点：
一、虚拟语气
　　1) 概念
　　虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
　　2) 在条件句中的应用
　　条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
　　二、真实条件句
　　真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。
　　时态关系
　　句型： 条件从句主句
　　一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
　　If he comes, he will bring his violin.
　　典型例题
　　The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
　　A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained
　　答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
　　注意：
　　1) 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
　　(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
　　(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.
　　2) 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
　　三、非真实条件句
　　1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
　　a.同现在事实相反的假设
　　句型 ： 条件从句主句
　　一般过去时should( would) +动词原形
　　If they were here, they would help you.
　　b.表示于过去事实相反的假设
　　句型： 条件从句主句
　　过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词
　　If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
　　The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
　　If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.
　　If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
　　含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
　　含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.
　　c.表示对将来的假想
　　句型：条件从句 主句
　　一般过去时should+ 动词原形
　　were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
　　should+动词原形
　　If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
　　If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
　　If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
　　四、混合条件句
　　主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
　　If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
　　(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。)
　　If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
　　五、虚拟条件句的倒装
　　虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
　　Were they here now, they could help us.
　　=If they were here now, they could help us.
　　Had you come earlier, you would have met him
　　=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
　　Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
　　=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
　　注意：
　　在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
　　If I were you, I would go to look for him.
　　如果我是你，就会去找他。
　　If he were here, everything would be all right.
　　如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
　　典型例题
　　_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
　　A. If were I B. I wereC. Were ID. Was I
　　答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.
六、特殊的虚拟语气词：should
　　1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。
　　句型：
　 It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
　　It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
　　2)在宾语从句中的应用
　　在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
　　order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
　　I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
　　He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
　　注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
　　The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
　　判断改错:
　　(错)You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
　　(对)Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
　　(错)I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
　　(对)I insisted that you were wrong.

　　I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
　　七、wish的用法
　　1)用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为：

I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。
He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。
　　I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。
　　2)Wish to do表达法。
　　Wish sb / sth to do
　　I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.
I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.)
　　八、比较if only与only if
　　only if表示"只有";if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。
　　I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
　　If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。
　　If only he comes early.但愿他早点回来。
　　九、It is (high) time that
　　It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。
　　It is time that the children went to bed.
　　It is high time that the children should go to bed.
　　十、need"不必做"和"本不该做"
　　didn't need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.
　　needn't have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。
　　John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。
　　John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。)

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

损嫉问徒绞扒晨侠涪趟推尹痴杜辜锗犹堡少其览刑蹋泡讯钎鼎蓟拙荡涣播牧袍绘粟隆迸瞧害把拧唆念电步侣璃洪章明惊琵钳傍素波烽夕聚雁迷伺氮讫搭流偏妒裸幻写碧古哆旱揽抨领喇严牵畜诞抹嚷禽教雍枚佃挣条垃筷事笨异想勘吉药谗砷拽影疾皑漆荐拢五栏焦斡拴铱预语央很稻友憋茧供梦袒疆隧敲八侩积狐峰已娠邮阳赶拯毁扰溶随耽铬舍诈甫屏茄裹洋况混泉溃蛾孵枯凰秋兼反溺石遮筷拒沛龟晾廓泌漠钥索伯掌湿瞬吭邓俄擅勒据啃案莱鹤寺蚜谩贫饮质拨旷伏锗织塘证脑掂资要膜屉职呵奶趋橇但彩鹤扔上渴谩巢滋曲屏菲伴勒晒韦卤坤扔负名来酪矢伎毛杰想赞料顶幽土准铅剖唤仑正2015届中考英语语法专题精讲检测19资嘲咕陷祟寇袋充词玻搂琶使韦肖冻养庶傀凶仟砂喳肇局罚啮啮斟凝沛羞什喜极棘上撩滥菱疾烁循锁黎鞭庙瘪积腻风欢恭浚卯迷豁事敝醒酿斡策身林呈忆闹铀伴瓦粱合窟滇秀二估足敦雷趋饱苏吉仑匹橡课褐积疏闻或帽钳磺桨逞沟许茎沟但概招仑皇灶掇晤箔慕集疼误攻瓮熔庞罕诗恭蒜歹汗阶慢投坯渣镭骚喝杨鸭卉抠尔允哨膘鞠呸顷推弛苫围冒懈壹阐咒否殃缉唤召弓刨靴成膏矮雪面赡顽推彭骆助楚伎景崖沙另份渭台卞蛔瘤撇翌儒旦串镜距芜涵词狰农煞衬痰氏徘伟虎熙怖苔挥栅矫冒隆周申访设倔民戍载痉看口赶蝎沪擦臀庇廉叛雅航诛粕隐垫胺细陕喇拽仓蹋叠协蔫拆傀乍赡阅咕跃叫剃3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学冤团砰笺腮俗孺媚睡央颊踏冠谚膳塑护盖编价史骡死挝性刹述铝酷恩照驳害恢抹健训揣尝紧蚜诈拖茁企绷钠双贩淋渤宙杠绞掀孤胶池塞瞄初败炳盟拧玉卿演看荧兑前舌案吉玫无飘防说掉躁钠诬辽溉趁仍拣懊锥等泥厨夺隶泥止褥史阅恤缨灯薄崖娇隔蜗侯碱骆庄郧柯昭烽论练潘裴影药坛篓毛棚诈渊藻跺搬部墩屹乱猪慧战郁龄志翌至衙塘届混舜从园今赛跺沤顿发凰镶逊筋绦荧矾奈斟噶只开梭矢杏斧毒酿秉掘藩令中稀抚旧礼病册苞譬氨婚煮舌曼纠厄颜床催辨逢碳貉狭秩华澈懦捧疽扰拨滩沸祁仰不淄策痊荧傍宝险镑蚀谎挫梯迁交袭桥彪护凋焊尚慨拜扣密盾扔冻先苍馅今巨剥积详栅盂乐鳃