高三英语知识点复习随堂自测1.doc

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Taxicab drivers have to be tough fellows to be able to work in New York. Youve got to fight the New York traffic eight hours a day these days, so people get the wrong impression that they are bad. Actually, taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will behave as honest fellows. You read in the papers almost every week that a taxi driver turns in money or jewels that people leave in their cabs. If they werent honest, you wouldnt be reading those stories in the papers.One time in Brooklyn, I found a diamond ring in my cab. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of packages that day, so I went back to where I had dropped her. It took me almost two days to trace her down in order to return her ring to her. I didnt get as much as“thank you”. Still I felt good because I had done what ever was right. I think I felt better than she did.I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. Then I came to this country where I had a family and bought my own cab. Life hasnt been too easy at times, but my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away for a rainy day.When I started driving a cab, Park Avenue was mostly a bunch of coal yards. Hoofers Brewery was right next to where the WaldorfAstoria is now. I did pretty well, even in those days. In all my years of driving a taxicab, I have never had any trouble with the public, not even with drunks.I believe honesty is one of the greatest gifts. I know they call it a lot of fancy names these days, like integrity (正直), etc. But it doesnt make any difference whatever they call it; its still what makes a man a good citizen. This is my code, and I try to live by.【文章大意】本文讲述的是一名出租车司机一直相信诚实是一件最棒的礼物，并且在生活中一直以此为准则。1Why do people think taxicab drivers are bad according to the passage?AThey have been cheated by taxicab drivers before.BTaxicab drivers are dishonest.CMost taxicab drivers are tough fellows.DSome taxicab drivers did not return their lost properties.C解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句中的“Taxicab drivers have to be tough fellows”和第三句中的“so people get the wrong impression that they are bad”可知，答案为C。2How did the author return the diamond ring to the lady?ABy giving her a call and visiting her.BBy sending her a letter asking her to claim the ring in person.CBy advertising in the papers.DBy going back to where she got off and tracing her down for almost 2 days.D解析：细节理解题。 根据文章第三段第二句中的“I went back to where I had dropped her”和第三句“It took me almost two days to trace her down in order to return her ring to her.”可知，答案为D。3How does the author feel as a taxicab driver?AProud and satisfied.BAnnoyed and stressful.CDisappointed and discouraged.DUnwilling and regretful.A解析：观点态度题。 根据文章第五段中的“I did pretty well”和“I have never had any trouble with the public，not even with drunks”可知，作者感到自豪和满意。故答案为A。 B(2016商丘市高三模拟)As more people use smart phones to pay bills and store personal information, strict password security has become more important than ever. A new study shows that freeform gesturessweeping fingers in shapes across the screen of a smart phonecan be used to unlock phones. These gestures are less likely to be observed and reproduced by others than traditional typed passwords.“All that it takes to steal a password is a quick eye，”said one of the researchers of the study.“With all the personal information we have on our phones today, improving their security is becoming increasingly necessary.”In developing a secure solution to this problem, the researchers studied the practicality of using freeform gestures. With the ability to create any shape in any size and location on the screen, the gestures were popular as passwords. Since users create them without following a template, the researchers predicted these gestures would allow for greater complexity.The researchers carried out a createtestretest experiment where 63 people were asked to create a gesture, recall it, and recall it again 10 days later. The gestures were captured on a recognizer system designed by the team. Using this data, they tested the complexity and accuracy of each gesture using information theory. The result of their analysis is that people are favorable to use freeform gestures as passwords.To put their analysis into practice, the researchers then had seven students in computer science and engineering, each with considerable experience with touchscreens(触摸屏), attempt to steal a freeform gesture password by observing a phone user secretly. None of them were able to copy the gestures with enough accuracy. The gestures appear to be extremely powerful against attacks.Though the testing is in its early stage and widespread adaptation of this technology is not yet clear, the research team plans to continue to analyze the security and management of freeform passwords in the future. They believe this is the first study to explore freeform gestures as passwords. They will soon publish their findings.【文章大意】本文主要讨论的是手机密码的安全性，介绍了一种密码设置方式。如何保护手机密码还有待继续研发新的密码设置方式。4What can we learn about freeform gestures?AThey are improving mobile security in a way.BUsers will have to make use of simple gestures.CThey will never be copied by others.DUsers must move their fingers in fixed shapes.A解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段的These gestures are less likely to be observed and reproduced by others than traditional typed passwords.可知freeform gestures能够在某种程度上提高手机的安全性。故选A。5The experiment in Paragraph 4 is to test the _ of freeform gestures.AtemplateBapplicationCaccuracy DsecurityD解析：推理判断题。 根据文章第四段的None of them were able to copy the gestures with enough accuracy. The gestures appear to be extremely powerful against attacks.可知该项研究就是为了验证freeform gestures的安全性。 security安全。故选D。6According to the text, the researchers think that _.Ait is easy to steal any password with a quick eyeBbetter ways of setting passwords should be developedCpeople had better not use smart phones to pay billsDpersonal information should not be stored in a phoneB解析：推理判断题。 根据文章最后两句话They believe this is the first study to explore freeform gestures as passwords. They will soon publish their findings.可知研究者认为还会发明更好的设置密码的方式。故选B。7The main purpose of the text is to _.Aadvise people to use freeform gesturesBdiscuss whether smart phones are safeCtalk about the practicality of passwordsDintroduce the study of a new passwordD解析：写作意图题。 本文在第一段点出主题：A new study shows that freeform gesturessweeping fingers in shapes across the screen of a smart phonecan be used to unlock phones. These gestures are less likely to be observed and reproduced by others than traditional typed passwords.下文进行了具体介绍一种新的密码研究。故选D。C(2016安徽高考压轴卷)Honesty is the best policy as telling fewer lies“improves your physical and mental health”. White lies may seem harmless at the time, but bending the truth is actually bad for your physical and mental health. People who consciously tried to tell fewer white lies were less likely to feel tense or sad and also experienced fewer sore throats and headaches. Those who told fewer lies also had better relationships and smoother social interactions overall than fibbers.A team followed 110 people aged 18 to 71 years old over 10 weeks. While half of the participants were told to stop telling both major and minor lies for the duration of the study, the rest of them were given no instructions about lying.Both groups went to the lab weekly to complete health and relationship measures and to take a polygraph(测谎器) test assessing the number of major and white lies they had told during that week. Professor Anita Kelly said the average person told 11 lies a week.Results showed when those in the nolie group told three fewer white lies than they did in other weeks, they experienced four fewer mentalhealth complaints and three fewer physical complaints. In contrast, when control group members told three fewer white lies, they experienced two fewer mentalhealth complaints and one fewer physical complaint. When participants across both groups lied less in a given week, their physical and mental health was significantly better that week.Participants also realized they could simply tell the truth about their daily accomplishments rather than exaggerate, while others said they stopped making false excuses for being late or failing to complete tasks.Professor Kelly said，“We found that the participants could purposefully and dramatically reduce their everyday lies, and that in turn was associated with significantly improved health. Statistical analyses showed that this improvement in relationships significantly accounted for the improvement in health that was associated with less lying.”The study also found some participants learned to avoid lying by answering troubling questions with another question to distract the person.【文章大意】谎言，即使是善意的谎言，就长远来说，对一个人的人际关系和身心健康都是没有好处的。8How can white lies influence people?AThey have no effect on people at all.BIn the long run, they are harmful to health.CThey can help build good relationships.DThey always hurt peoples feelings.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的White lies may seem harmless at the time，but bending the truth is actually bad for your physical and mental health.可知，即使善意的谎言在当时看似无害，但就长远来说，却对我们的身心健康有着不良的影响。9The underlined word“fibbers”in Paragraph 2 refers to“_”Apeople who often tell lies in daily lifeBpeople who have bad relationshipsCpeople who never tell lies to othersDpeople who hate being cheatedA解析：词义猜测题。本句中的than比较的是两种人，而该词所指的人正好与who told fewer lies对应，说明此处指的是经常撒谎的人。10According to the study, people who tell fewer lies _.Afeel worse since life is no fun without liesBare worried that they wont have friendsCare likely to report better physical and mental healthDtend to make friends by working harderC解析：推理判断题。根据第六段When participants across both groups lied less in a given week，their physical and mental health was significantly better that week.可知，撒谎较少的人的精神和身体状况都会较好。11After the experiment, people in both groups have learnt that _.Athey have told too many white liesBall people are telling lies without being noticedClife cannot go on without white liesDthey shouldnt have told lies at allD解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，实验过后，人们意识到撒谎的危害，同时也意识到之前他们本来就不该撒谎。D(2016福建武平第一中学高三模拟)As a health editor, I spend the majority of my day poring over content related to health. At Huff Post, were lucky to talk to experts on a daily basis about how to live our best lives. Its clear that life would be healthier if we would just do the following things. Sure, some of these are easier said than done.1Have a bedtimeSleep is considered the third pillar(支柱) of health, and for good reason. Research is only making it increasingly clear that not getting enough of the stuff can have serious health effects. Meanwhile, getting enough sleep is good for everything ranging from weight, to mood, to even the immune system(免疫系统). One of the simplest things you can do to ensure you get enough sleep each night is to set a bedtime. Forgive yourself if you cant meet it every night, but make a point to try to stick to it.2Cultivate your emotional intelligence“To have emotional intelligence means to be confident, good at working towards your goals and adaptable. You recover quickly from stress.” psychologist Daniel Goleman previously told Huff Post. Its made up of five parts social skills, empathy, motivation, selfawareness and selfregulation. And fortunately, these are all traits you can cultivate. Be curious about things beyond yourself. Know what youre good at and where you can stand to improve. Try to improve your ability to pay attention.3This is something Im still working on. Im an objectively fast personfast at walking, fast at eating, fast at talking. This also makes me very impatient, and also sometimes very unobservantstopping to smell the roses has never been my strong suit. But slowing down to appreciate life and all its little moments builds gratitudeand thats a very healthy thing.4Find an exercise you actually enjoyIts not exactly a secret how much I oppositeoflike running. Ill still do it, because of health, but there are certainly other ways Id rather get my fitness in. And thats completely OK. Research has even shown that whether we think of fitness as “fun” or “exercise” affects how much we end up eating. For me, exercise is a pill best swallowed as volleyball. For you, it may be dancing, or swimming, or riding your bike. Dont think that just because you dont like “conventional” exerciserunning, going to the gym, etc.youre “bad at exercise”. No such thing!【文章大意】本文介绍了过好健康生活的四种方法：有个好的睡眠时间，培养情绪智力，学会花时间欣赏，寻找喜欢的锻炼方式。12Which of the following has something to do with the immune system?AExercise.BSleep.CEmotional intelligence. DMood.B解析：细节理解题。由第一种方法中的getting enough sleep is good.，to even the immune system(免疫系统)可知，足够的睡眠对免疫系统有好处。故选B。13What can we infer from the passage?AYou should set a bedtime and stick to it no matter what happened.BPaying attention is not as important as other abilities for emotional intelligence.CThe writer is no longer a fast person.DThe exercise the writer likes most is volleyball.D解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的For me，exercise is a pill best swallowed as volleyball.可知，作者最喜欢排球。故选D。14Emotional intelligence includes the following except_.Aconfidence BmotivationCstress DselfawarenessC解析：细节理解题。由第二种方法中的Its made up of five parts.motivation，selfawareness and selfregulation.可知，情绪智力不包括压力。故选C。15The best title for the third tip is_.AFeel gratitude to lifeBStop to smell the rosesCLead a simple lifeDTake a time to appreciate your lifeD解析：段落大意题。由第三种方法中最后一句But slowing down to appreciate life and.and tha