高二英语上册选修七课时综合检测题18.doc

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综合检测(三)
Unit 21　Human Biology
(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．(2013·浙江高考)Mary worked here as a ________ secretary and ended up getting a full­time job with the company.
A．pessimistic　　　　　 B．temporary
C．previous D．cautious
2．Nobody can________his rude behavior，and that's why he has no friend.
A．accustom B．understand
C．cover D．tolerate
3．(2013·合肥高二检测)On his returning from work he found his house________.
A．robbing B．robbed
C．stealing D．stolen
4．He is an independent person.He always________any offer of help.
A．declines B．denies
C．rejects D．refuses
5．(2013·宿州高二质检)I couldn't do my homework with all that noise________.
A．going on B．goes on
C．went on D．to go on
6．Traffic regulations________people from riding bicycles on the sidewalk.
A．stop B．prohibit
C．prevent D．keep
7．(2013·湖北八市高二调研)History is the best teacher.It ________records the development path of each country and foretells the future to us.
A．apparently　　　　　 B．conventionally
C．faithfully D．eventually
8．Imagine what today's life would be like if Alexander Bell________the telephone more than 130 years ago!
A．didn't invent B．wouldn't invent
C．hadn't invented D．wouldn't have invented
9．There are still many people suffering a lot，and we are to do something to________poverty.
A．keep out　　　　　 B．wipe out
C．give out D．run out
10．Smoking leaves Sam in poor health.His wife has tried to persuade him to quit smoking，though________.
A．in truth　　　　　 B．in return
C．in particular D．in vain
11．The lucky fans will be picked out________rather than chosen beforehand to perform with the singer during the party.
A．by accident B．on earth
C．at random D．on average
12．Father________all the neighbors to dinner at a nearby restaurant to thank them all.
A．supplied B．accepted
C．treated D．served
13．It is very clear that TV programs usually________to the tastes of all age groups.
A．cater B．devote
C．lead D．appeal
14．－Did Dorice go out last night?
－Yes，but she________at home.Her little sister needed her care.
A．may have stayed
B．must have stayed
C．should stay
D．ought to have stayed
15．Every day my after­school________is doing my homework and then watching TV until I go to bed at half past ten.
A．route B．routine
C．practice D．drill
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)I went to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more __16__ the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to “__17__ a disability”for several hours one Sunday.Some members，__18__，chose to use wheelchairs.Others wore sound­blocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩)．
Just sitting in the wheelchair was a __19__ experience.I had never considered before how __20__ it would be to use one.As soon as I sat down，my __21__ made the chair begin to roll.Its wheels were not __22__.Then I wondered where to put my __23__.It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into __24__.I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of __25__ for several hours.For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的)__26__.
I tried to find a __27__ position and thought it might be restful，__28__ kind of nice，to be __29__ around for a while.Looking around，I __30__ I would have to handle the thing myself！My hands started to ache as I __31__ the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the __32__ of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)__33__ task.
My wheelchair experiment was soon __34__.It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the __35__，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.
16．A.curious about B．aware of
C．interested in D．careful with
17．A.cure B．adopt
C．prevent D．analyze
18．A.instead B．strangely
C．as usual D．like me
19．A.learning B．working
C．satisfying D．relaxing
20．A.convenient B．awkward
C．boring D．exciting
21．A.height B．force
C．skill D．weight
22．A.locked B．repaired
C．powered D．grasped
23．A.hands B．feet
C．keys D．handles
24．A.place B．action
C．play D．effect
25．A.operation B．communication
C．transportation D．production
26．A.exploration B．education
C．experiment D．entertainment
27．A.flexible B．safe
C．starting D．comfortable
28．A.yet B．just
C．still D．even
29．A.shown B．pushed
C．driven D．guided
30．A.realized B．suggested
C．agreed D．admitted
31．A.lifted B．turned
C．pressed D．seized
32．A.path B．position
C．direction D．way
33．A.easy B．heavy
C．major D．extra
34．A.forgotten B．repeated
C．conducted D．finished
35．A.weaknesses B．anxieties
C．challenges D．illnesses
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
(2013·辽宁高考)Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.It sounds absurd.But a few years ago，scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳)．To the amazement of these scientists，they discovered that blood passing through the brain，when it is active，shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer，we would find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素)and fatigue products.But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein，it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.
So far as the brain is concerned，it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired?
Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.One of England's most outstanding scientists，J.A.Hadfield，says，“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact，fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr.Brill，a famous American scientist，goes even further.He declares，“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired？Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored，anger，anxiety，tenseness，worry，a feeling of not being appreciated—those are the emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
36．What surprised the scientists a few years ago?
A．Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborer's blood.
B．Albert Einstein didn't feel worn out after a day's work.
C．The brain could work for many hours without fatigue.
D．A mental worker's blood was filled with fatigue toxins.
37．According to the author，which of the following can make sitting workers tired?
A．Challenging mental work.
B．Unpleasant emotions.
C．Endless tasks.
D．Physical labor.
38．What's the author's attitude towards the scientists' ideas?
A．He agrees with them.
B．He doubts them.
C．He argues against them.
D．He hesitates to accept them.
39．We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic，sitting workers need to ________.
A．have some good food
B．enjoy their work
C．exercise regularly
D．discover fatigue toxins
B
Honk！Squeak!
What is that？If you're going through puberty(青春期)，it could be your voice.Both boys and girls experience voice changes as they grow older，but girls' voices get only a little deeper.A boy's voice，on the other hand，may change quite a bit－from sounding like a little kid to sounding like somebody's dad!
How does this happen？The larynx，your voice box，actually gets bigger during puberty.One of its jobs is to let you talk，sing，hum，yell，laugh，and make all sorts of noises.
When a boy reaches puberty，his body begins making lots of testosterone(睾丸素)，which causes his larynx to grow and his vocal cords(声带)to get longer and thicker.
Before puberty，your larynx is pretty small and your vocal cords are kind of small and thin.That's why your voice is higher than an adult's.As you go through puberty，the larynx changes.As your body adjusts to this changing equipment，your voice may “crack” or “break”．But this process lasts only a few months.
Not only do older guys and men sound different from boys，but you can also see the difference in their necks.When the larynx grows bigger，part of it sticks out inside the neck.You can see it at the front of the throat.This is known as the Adam's apple.For girls，the larynx also grows bigger but not as much as in boys, so you can't see it through a girl's skin.
Everyone's timetable is different，so some kids' voices might start to change earlier and some might start a little later.Some voices might drop gradually, while others might drop quickly.
If this hasn't happened to you yet，don't worry.And if you're going through this now，try not to stress too much about the funny noises you make.It can help to talk to a parent，or a friend who's already gone through the voice change.Before you know it，your voice will sound clear，strong, and more grown­up!
40．What's the text mainly about?
A．Funny noises.
B．Vocal cords.
C．Voice changes.
D．The Adam's apple.
41．An adult's voice is lower than a child's because the adult________.
A．doesn't reach his puberty
B．has longer and thicker vocal cords
C．is going through his puberty
D．has something wrong with his throat
42．Who has “the Adam's apple”？
A．Boys. B．Girls.
C．Men. D．Women.
43．What does the writer think of voice changes?
A．Natural. B．Funny.
C．Unpleasant. D．Interesting.
C
Some obese children and adults who eat excessively (过度地) may be missing a gene for a brain chemical involved in controlling appetite，according to a study. Low levels of the chemical are also linked to long­term memory loss and difficulties in sensing pain.
Researchers at the National Institutes of Health examined 33 children and adults with a rare condition in which groups of genes have been deleted. Called WAGR syndrome，the genetic aberration (反常现象) is found in about 250 people in the USA.
Half of the people studied lacked one of two genes, for a brain chemical called brain­derived neurotropic factor(BDNF). The ones missing the gene had low blood levels of the chemical. By age 10, all of those missing the gene were obese and reported a strong tendency to overeat. Those who had two working copies of the BDNF gene were no more likely to be obese in childhood or to report unusually high levels of overeating than the general population.
Scientists suspected that people within the group had abnormalities with the gene, and they believed a larger segment (部分) of the population had the same problem.
The missing gene may explain why some people can't seem to control their eating or lose weight, says Jack Yanovski, head of the Unit on Growth and Obesity at NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
“We suspect that BDNF has important issues in many parts of the brain，including memory and ability to sense pain，” he says.
Yanovski says the brain chemical works in combination with other chemicals in the body, including the hormone leptin (瘦蛋白), to regulate appetite and body weight. More research needs to be done so scientists can develop obesity drugs to treat people who don't make enough BDNF，he says.
“BDNF is just a small part of the puzzle explaining why some folks have trouble maintaining a normal weight.”
44．BDNF is a kind of chemical which lies in the________.
A．blood B．hormone
C．brain D．diet
45．According to the passage，the role of the BDNF gene is to________.
A．improve people's ability of memory
B．control people's desire to eat
C．make people become sensitive to pain
D．help people lose weight quickly
46．Scientists study BDNF in order to________.
A．make medicine to cure overweight people
B．explain why people have the sense of hunger
C．keep people from suffering from high blood pressure
D．control the activity of brains of overweight people
47．What's the main idea of this passage?
A．Missing genes may hurt appetite control.
B．Overweight people eat too much junk food.
C．Your weight is decided by your genes.
D．One's appetite leads to one's weight.
D
Christmas in Australia is often very hot.While the northern hemisphere is in the middle of winter.Australians are baking in summer heat.The temperature usually reaches 30 degrees Celsius.
A traditional meal includes a turkey dinner，with ham and pork.A flaming Christmas plum pudding is added for dessert.In the Australian gold rushes，Christmas puddings often contained a gold nugget.Today a small favor is baked inside.Whoever finds this knows she/he will enjoy good luck.Another treat is mince pies.Some Australians and particularly tourists often have their Christmas dinner at midday on a local beach.Bondi Beach in Sydney's Eastern Suburbs attracts thousands of people on Christmas Day.Other families enjoy their day by having a picnic.If they are at home，the day is punctuated by swimming in a pool，playing cricket and other outdoor activities.
The warm weather allows Australians to enjoy a tradition which started in 1937.Carols by candlelight is held every year on Christmas Eve，where tens of thousands of people gather in the city of Melbourne to sing their favorite Christmas songs.The evening is lit by many candles with people singing under a clean but night sky.The sky with its Southern Cross stars is like a mirror.Sydney and the other capital cities also enjoy carols in the weeks leading up to Christmas.
Australians surround themselves with Christmas Bush，a native plant which has little red flowered leaves.
48．It is usual to have a hot Christmas in Australia because________.
A．the country is in the northern hemisphere
B．people go shopping in shorts and T­shirts
C．the festival is not in winter but in summer
D．Santa Claus is on a surfboard on many beaches
49．According to the passage，________is not included in Christmas meals in Australia.
A．ham　　　　　　　 B．pork
C．turkey D．pumpkin
50．It seems that people can enjoy carols by candlelight because of________.
A．the warm weather
B．the Christmas Bush
C．the activities at daytime
D．the Southern Cross stars
51．What's the best title of this passage?
A．Sydney's Eastern Suburbs.
B．Christmas Meals in Australia.
C．Christmas in Australia.
D．Christmas Shopping in Australia.
E
He was no scholar, and his classmates made f