法律翻译笔记.docx

法律翻译笔记（一）房屋租赁 property tenancy预租 pre-leasing法定代表人 legal representative股权 equity interestpurpose and business scope 宗旨及经营范围contribution 认缴（资本）non-compete(non-competition) 不竞争（协议条款）deadlock/impasse 僵局（条款）interim meeting 临时会议early termination 提前终止（协议等）fair market value 公平市价without regard to its conflict of laws provisions(OR without reference to conflicts of law principles)（但）排除冲突法的适用waiver 弃权headings 标题subject to PRC laws 受中国法律约束（二）Agreement for Acquiring Increased Registered Capital 认购增资协议Conditions Precedent （交易等的）先决条件without cause 无理由to the best knowledge of 就所知encumber (property, etc.) 对（财产等）设定他方权利time is of the essence 时间是关键要素意向书 letter of intent多功能（地产） multi-purpose综合性（物业等） complex土地使用权 land use right合作经营公司 Contractual/Cooperative Joint Venture （CJV）合资经营公司 Equity Joint Venture (EJV)尽力 use its best efforts促使 cause.to.预租 pre-completion (NOT pre-leasing)许可证 permit (NOT approval)可以对抗第三人 be good against any claims made by any third party商品房 commercial/condominium (NOT commodity house)尾款 final payment业主 owner法律翻译Tips# 法律文件中列举项目的最后一项前的or或and表示充分或必要的逻辑关系，不可略译。（三）in consideration of. 作为的对价e.g. In consideration of the performance of its obligations hereunder, the Contractor shall be entitled to receive from the Project Price;作为发行其在本合同项下义务的对价，承包商应有权向收取工程款；in form and substance 形式和内容上losses and damages 灭失与损害notwithstanding the foregoing 尽管有前述规定without limiting the generality of. 在不限制普遍性的情况下create a mortgage or charge over. 在上设立抵押或质押call an interim Board meeting 召集董事会临时会议withhold ones consent 不给予同意（优于“保留其同意”）qualified 有资质的（评估师、会计师等）to appraise the company as a going concern 按继续经营的状况评估公司set forth 列明Miscellaneous （合同条款）其他（事项）subject matter （所议）事项（非“标的”）non-disclosure 不披露any other matters not expressly stated herein 本合同未尽事宜expatriates (expats) 外籍员工（从外国来本国工作，而非从本国去外国工作）claim 1)一般意义：索赔；2）在专利或许可合同以及很多其他法律文件中，意为“权利主张”parent 在法律文件中如无特指，均指“母公司”，千万不可译为“父母”（曾经犯过一次糊涂）subject to Article * hereof 受本合同第条约束（四）premises 场地facilities 场地；工厂credit note 贷记通知单in substantially the same form as. 格式与实质一致substantially the same in all material respects 在所有重大方面实质相同create.obligation 设立义务this Section 14 本第14条（“本”字勿省略）compensatory damages 损害性赔偿金caused their duly authorized representatives to 促使其正式授权代表offer/counter-offer 要约/反要约（见于Agency Agreement）(NOT 发盘/还盘)closing 交割（多见于股权转让、资产购买合同中）e.g. closing day 交割日 pre-closing matters 交割前事项The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank 本页以下无正文（签字页见下页）jointly and severally as 一并和单独作为（NOT 连带责任）e.g. 在股权转让协议中的一方：jointly and severally as Transferees一并和单独作为“受让方”imposed changes 被迫变更in good faith 善意（NOT 诚信）costs and expenses 成本和费用amendment to amended and restated. 修订及重述本controlling, controlled by or under common control with. 控制，受控制或与共同受另一（实体）控制的yyunjust enrichment 不当得利This contract shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with PRC law. 本合同受中国法律管辖，并依中国法律解释。（五）subject to. 在遵守的前提下（不建议译为“根据”）upon termination of.一旦终止（优于“在终止时”）changing of the shareholdings 股权结构变更(非“持股比例变化”)beneficially owned 实益拥有beneficial owner 实益拥有人officers现译高级职员（原译“管理人员”）diminution of goodwill 商誉下降 (非“善意减少”)on the face of this Agreement 在本协议首页work product 工作成果severance pay upon termination (of employment contract) （劳动合同）终止时的经济补偿post-employment离职/卸任后（非“雇用后”） release. to. (account)解付到（指定账户等）sibling 兄弟姐妹brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law配偶的兄弟姐妹和兄弟姐妹的配偶credit facility(ies) 信贷融通e.g. short-term credit facilities.in moderate Hong Kong Dollar eight-figure range金额在八位数港元范围内的短期信贷融通Provincial Bureau of Commerce省商务厅（注意这里的bureau应根据上下文译成“厅”，而非通常意义的“局”）a highly-valued customer 极为重要的客户信函中的Re:现译为事由，原译为“关于”subject matter 现译为标的，原译“所议事项”writ of attachment or possesseion 扣押令或管有令full cashless exercise method (in stock option incentive) 无现金全部行权方式（期权奖励）underlying 相关的e.g. underlying shares 相关股份encumbrances 现译产权负担，原译“权利障碍”（六）writ of attachment or possession 扣押令或管有令full cashless exercise method (in stock option incentive program) 无现金全部行权方式underlying 相关的 e.g. underlying shares 相关股份unless. 除非否则（为表明逻辑关系，否则不可省）land parcel 地块owned property 自有不动产outstanding amounts 未偿款项outstanding guarantees 未偿担保系列产品 product linese.g. 系列产品 product lines covering.on-sale 转售（法律英语中的特定用法，不能译为“促销”）completion 交割；成交 e.g. completion date 成交日fully discharged 全部清偿for the avoidance of doubt 为避免疑义representation and warranty 声明和保证 （原译“陈述和保证”）ancillary contract 配套合同contemplated 拟议的（原译“预期的”）e.g. the transaction contemplated by this contract 本合同拟议的交易deed of non-compete undertakings 不竞争承诺契据in respect of 就而言remedies 补救（或译“救济措施”）in ones capacity as 以身份e.g. in his capacity as the Vendor （*）以卖方身份so far as practicable 在实际可行的范围内without affecting the generality of the foregoing. 在不影响上述一般性规定的前提下（原译“普遍性”）then in effect 届时有效（不译为“当时”）prevailing 届时的（不译为“通行的”）at the time 届时（不译为“目前”）financial instrument 金融工具（不可误译为“财务报表”）sub-licensee 被分许可人（不译为“分被许可人”）（七）pursuant to 除常用的“依据”之意外，还可根据上下文作“在之后”解。innure to the benefit of 对有利 or 有利于（优于“及于的利益”）hereby 特此（原译“在此”）net of 扣除（有时译“不含”） e.g. net of returns 扣除退货（NOT “净收入”）represent XXX company in XXX (matter) 就XXX（事项）担任XXX（公司）的律师代表advise XXX company on XXX 就XXX（事项）为XXX（公司）提供法律咨询服务entirely independent of the forum in which this Agreement or any part hereof may come up for construction, interpretation or enforcement无论本协议或其任何部分在哪一管辖地进行诠释、解释或执行 （关于carbon credit）carbon credit 碳排放额度Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) 清洁发展机制Certified Emissions Reduction (CERs) 核证减排量Emission Reduction Purchase Agreement (ERPA) 减排量购买协议prepayment 在贷款协议中译“提前还款”，而不是“预付款”advances 放款（NOT “预支款”）the next item of business before the meeting 会议上讨论的下一事项 （此处before=at，不可译“之前”）promissory fraud 票据欺诈（NOT “约定欺诈”）necessary or desirable 必需或可取的incidental or consequential damages 附带或后果性的损害赔偿indirec, special, punitive or exemplary damages 间接、特别、惩罚性或惩戒性的损害赔偿predictated on = based on 基于，依据factual predicate 事实认定fail of their essential purpose 未实现其基本目的service mark 服务标志trade name 商号 （NOT “商品名称”）publicity 宣传press release 新闻稿reportable transaction 应申报交易 （优于“可报告交易”）Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference 附件A（经此处提及并纳入本协议）free and clear of any encumbrances, charges, liens or other rights or claims 不含有任何产权负担、抵押、留置权或其他权利或权利要求validity, construction and performance of this Contract 本合同的效力、释义和履行all the paid-in registerred capital 全部已缴付注册资本errors or omissions 错误或疏忽gross negligence 重大过失willful misconduct 故意不当行为 （优于 “有意”）successor and permitted assigns 继承人和获准受让人effect of termination 终止效力to the extent permitted by law 在法律允许的范围内inreparable harm 不可弥补的伤害organization chart 组织结构图（八）may be subject to 可能会发生in sbs sole reasonable discretion XX自行合理认定（不译“全权”）act upon sth 依行事（不译“行动”）invoice date 账单日期（不译“开票日期”）(use the software) in a service bureau or time sharing arrangement 在外包服务机构或分时安排中（使用软件）identified 指明为（不译“认定为”或“确定为”）uses the same degree of care in safeguarding such information as it uses for its own information of like importance 对此等信息加以审慎保护，如同保护其自身同等重要的信息一样applicable 相关的（“适用法律”除外）registration statement 注册说明书automatically renew for additional one year periods 逐年自动续期一年receiver （破产）财产管理人（不译“接收人”）supporting documentation 辅助文档（不译“证明文件”）all jurisdictional and venue defences 所有管辖权及审判地抗辩overnight courier service 次日快递服务（不译“隔夜快递”）independent contractor 独立缔约方（不译“承包商”）couterparts 复本（不译“副本”）current income tax liabilities 当期所得税负债being an office or record （作为）官方登记机构net of 扣除（不译“不含”）This Agreement shall be executed in English and Chinese 本协议签署中英文文本（不译“本协议应以英文和中文签署”）the presiding arbitrator shall not be a current or former national of either the USA or the PRC 首席仲裁员目前和过去的国籍均不得为美国或中国国籍（不译“首席仲裁员不得为美国或中国的现国民或前国民”）damages 损害赔偿liquidated damages 预定违约金non-compete 竞业禁止/不竞争incorporated 注册成立（不译“设立”）as defined below 定义见下文（不译“如下文定义”）xxx percent of fully paid-in registered capital interest in the Company 目标公司全部实缴注册资本百分之XXX的权益operating company 运营公司use its (his/her, etc.) best efforts 尽其最大努力pay in lieu of notice 支付代通知金term sheet 条款书（其他译法：原则性条款、主要条款等）turnaround 重组vis-avis 面对 e.g. obligations vis-avis xxx 对XXX的义务xxx(e.g. rep office)operate under xxx (e.g. FICE)= operate under the name of 以名义从事经营right of attribution 署名权mutual termination contract/agreement 共同终止合同/协议mandatory general offer 强制性全面要约（公司收购）technical expertise and know-how 专门技术知识和诀窍expertise and experience 专业知识和经验grossed up 返计还原insurance portfolios 保险业务provisions 规定 （cf. terms 条款 conditions 条件）on the account of 为on ones own account 为其自身absent from work without authorization or reasonable reason 擅自缺勤或无合理理由缺勤managing director 常务董事（不译“董事总经理”）without prejudice （出现在律师函上）内容不具约束力（九）housing loan interest subsidy 房贷利息补贴for cause 因故to apply mutatis mutandis (to) 在细节上做必要修改后适用（于）lock-up 禁售mandatory law 强行法in case of gaps in this Agreement 在本协议中如有漏洞As representation on the board of directors of B A向B董事会委派代表担任董事subject matter or diversity jurisdiction （美）联邦诉讼标的或联邦法院管辖权personal jurisdiction 属人管辖权incorporated by reference 经在此提及而并入的duty of trust and confidence 忠实和保密义务earnings threshold（所得税）起征点Lower Earnings Limit (LEL) （英）底限收入Upper Earnings Limit (UEL) （英）上限收入on even date 于本协议同一日good, valid and marketable title to. 对拥有合法、有效和适销的所有权like or similar 同类或类似cross default 交叉违约（NOT 连带）rights and remedies 权利和救济original issue 初（原）始发行（股份）e.g. countersign as or register as original issue, 作为原始股份进行确认或登记transfer agent 过户代理（NOT 转让）insolvency 资不抵债 cf. bankruptcy(破产)excusable delay 可免责的延迟without undue delay不得无故拖延any action taken or omitted to be taken 采取或未能采取的任何行动personal representatives and successors 遗产代理人和继承人（NOT 个人代表）free from all liens, charges and encumbrances 不附带任何留置权、押记和产权负担long stop date 最后期限日to submit or entice away招徕或挖走（十） Lost savings 未实现的节约Arms length service contract 公平服务合同Merger or consolidation 吸收合并或新设合并Registration statement 上市登记表Release 免责函Notice pay 代通知金Severance pay 离职（经济）补偿Severance plan 离职计划Post-contractual 合同终止后（NOT 合同签订后）的 cf. post-employmentIn good order and standing 处于良好的工作状态（standing无需译为“符合各项规定”）Statutory or contractual payment 法定或合同规定的付款Inure to the benefit of 以为受益人Without regard to the principles of conflict of laws 但不考虑其法律冲突原则By operation of law 通过（因）法律的施行（实施）(appointment of) representatives to the Board 向（XXX公司）董事会委派董事（NOT 代表）(It is) noted that 兹指出(it is) resolved that 兹决议(Company may) on any ground and in any circumstance allowable under the law 在法律允许的范围内，（公司可以）在任何情形下、以任何理由Free cash return on equity 自由现金形式的股本回报By or on behalf of 由或其代表（or由或代表，NOT 由或代表）For avoidance of doubt 为避免歧义/疑义Rounded up/down to the next 向上/下取整为Duly organized, validly existing and in good standing 正式组建、有效存续且资格完备Break date 中止日 cf. Long stop date(an obligation, etc.)enforceable against or recoverable from 对强制执行或由赔偿Hold oneself out as 自称为As an inducement for/to 为了吸引/促成Appear on its face 从表面上看Backup withholding 备用预扣税（见于W-8BEN或W-9表格）Central bank of issue 国外指定银行（见于W-8BEN或W-9表格，NOT发钞中央银行）Sweep feature 自动转存功能 （见于W-8BEN或W-9表格，NOT扫描特征）Land grant 土地出让（better than 授予）Land grant term 土地出让期限Operative provisions 正文（主体条款）（十一）omnibus resolution 综合决议on the ground 当地的 e.g. resources, etc.withhold payments 拒付款项 (NOT 预扣)cf. which (i.e. consent)shall not be unreasonably withheld 不得无理拒绝给予同意sell-to-cover exercise 以出售支付的方式行权（股票期权计划）cashless sell-all method 无现金全部出售（行权）方式specific performance 特定/强制履行trading as (abbr. TA) 以名义经营（常见于签字页）cf. Doing Business As (abbr. DBA) 经营名称arms length (transaction, deal, etc.) principle 公平交易原则arms length pricing 公平定价flexible working hour system 不定时工作制out of and in connection with 因而产生且与其相关的（这里的out of=because of）with X month notice to a months end 提前X个月通知（自通知当月结束后起算）capitalised terms 定义词（better than“大写词”）.that otherwise would be issued 本应发放的（注意otherwise的含义）sell-down 减持（股票）deposited in xxx/paid to xxx for value on (DATE) 按（日期）价值支付给/存入borrower/lender 借款人/贷款人cf. borrowings/loans 借款/贷款opening statement 期初报表as consideration for (among other good and valuable consideration the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged). 作为针对而给予的良好、有价值的对价（特此确认收到此等对价）之一部分unless otherwise provided by local law without the possibility of contractual waiver or limitation 但当地法律另行规定不得通过合同放弃或限制者除外(十二) drawn against从中支取line manager 部门经理（NOT “直线经理”）line management 部门管理层any accommodation or indulgence or failure to enforce a right 暂缓或延期或不强制执行一项权利jointly and severerally agree to. 共同和个别地同意credited against 从中抵扣 (OR 从中扣除；NOT “贷记”)deed of adherence 信守契据bind or commit (the other party) 约束（另一方）或使（另一方）承担义务(it is) necessary and advisable to 需要和应当account for报税（used in incentive plans, etc.）credit facility 信贷融资net shares 剩余股份(=remaining shares after withholding)staffing agency 劳务派遣单位moral right 精神权利（知识产权相关）aperson who acquires the right to exercise the options by bequest or inheritence 通过遗赠或继承获得行使期权权利的人(not) operate as a waiver of. 不构成对的弃权under penalties of perjury 否则愿受法律制裁（多见于法律证明文件）with or without notice or lapse of time 无论是否发出通知或是否时效终止.have been authorised by all necessary action on the part of Party B经乙方采取一切必要行动已得到正式授权successor standards 后继标准（NOT “继承标准”）without regard to/other than theh choice of law principles of. 不考虑的法律选择原则indexed to inflation 随通货膨胀调整good and marketable title 合法有效和可以转让的所有权extend the terms 放宽条件同事整理的一些employment相关词汇：disciplinary action 纪律处分equal employment opportunity 平等就业机会character reference 品德推荐信sabbatical leave 公休假induction package 入职资料包next-of-kin 最近的亲属door access card 门禁卡disciplinary offense 应予纪律处分的违规summary dismissal 立即开除dignity at work 工作场所尊严maternity/paternity leave 产假/陪产假domestic leave 探亲假performance review 绩效考核