英语建筑专业词汇.doc

英语建筑专业词汇
a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段 c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件
d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称 e. ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚
f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板) g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟
h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件
I. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯
j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语

【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】 【Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】 【Timber 木材】
【Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】
【Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】
【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】【Paint 油漆】
【Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】【Building Hardware 建筑五金】

k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语
【Discipline 专业】 【Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】 【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】
【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】 【Drafting 制图】

a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据
计划建议书 planning proposals 设计任务书 design order 标准规范standards and codes
条件图 information drawing 设计基础资料 basic data for design 工艺流程图 process flowchart
工程地质资料 engineering geological data 原始资料 original data 设计进度 schedule of design

b. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段
方案 scheme, draft 草图 sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判 negotiation
可行性研究 feasibility study 初步设计 preliminary design 基础设计 basic design 具体设计 detail design
询价图 enquiry drawing 施工图 working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图 as built drawing

c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件
日照 sunshine 风玫瑰 wind rose 主导风向 prevailing wind direction风荷载 wind load飓风 hurricane
最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity 最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall
雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning 台风 typhoon 旋风 cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity
年降雨量 annual rainfall 湿球温度 wet bulb temperature 干球温度 dry bulb temperature
冰冻期 frost period 冰冻线 frost line 冰冻区 frost zone
室外计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision
不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度 relative humidity

d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称
办公室 office 服务用房 service room 换班室 shift room 休息室 rest room (break room) 起居室 living room
浴室 bathroom 淋浴间 shower 更衣室 locker room 厕所 lavatory 门厅 lobby 诊室 clinic 工作间 workshop
电气开关室 switchroom 走廊 corridor 档案室 archive 电梯机房 lift motor room 车库 garage
清洁间 cleaning room 会议室(正式) conference room 会议室 meeting room 衣柜间 ward robe 暖风间 H.V.A.C room
饭店 restaurant 餐厅 canteen, dining room 厨房 kitchen 入口 entrance 接待处 reception area 会计室 accountant room
秘书室 secretary room 电气室 electrical room 控制室 control room 工长室 foreman office 开关柜室 switch gear
前室 antecabinet (Ante.) 生产区 production area 马达控制中心 Mcc 多功能用房 utility room 化验室 laboratory room
经理室 manager room 披 屋(阁楼) penthouse 警卫室 guard house

e. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚
女儿墙 parapet 雨蓬 canopy 屋脊 roof ridge 坡度 slope 坡跨比 pitch 分水线 water-shed
二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt 檐口 eave 挑檐 overhanging eave
檐沟 eave gutter 平屋面 flat roof 坡屋面 pitched roof 雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)
汇水面积 catchment area 泛水 flashing 内排水 interior drainage 外排水 exterior drainage 滴水 drip
屋面排水 roof drainage 找平层 leveling course 卷材屋面 built-up roofing 天棚 ceiling 檩条 purlin
屋面板 roofing board 天花板 ceiling board 防水层 water-proof course 检查孔 inspection hole
人孔 manhole 吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling 檐板(窗帘盒) cornice

f. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)
砖墙 brick wall 砌块墙 block wall 清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙 rendered wall
石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙 hollow brick wall 承重墙 bearing wall
非承重墙 non-bearing wall 纵墙 longitudinal wall 横墙 transverse wall
外墙 external (exterior) wall 内墙 internal (interior) wall 填充墙 filler wall 防火墙 fire wall
窗间墙 wall between window 空心墙 cavity wall 压顶 coping 圈梁 gird, girt, girth
玻璃隔断 glazed wall 防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C) 遮阳板 sunshade 阳台 balcony
伸缩缝 expansion joint 沉降缝 settlement joint 抗震缝 seismic joint 复合夹心板 sandwich board
压型单板 corrugated single steel plate 外墙板 cladding panel 复合板 composite panel
轻质隔断 light-weight partition 牛腿 bracket 砖烟囱 brick chimney 勒脚(基座) plinth

g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟
地坪 grade 地面和楼面 ground and floor 素土夯实 rammed earth 炉渣夯实 tamped cinder
填土 filled earth 回填土夯实 tamped backfill 垫层 bedding course, blinding 面层 covering, finish
结合层 bonding (binding) course 找平层 leveling course 素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course
混凝土地面 concrete floor 水泥地面 cement floor 机器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor
水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring 马赛克地面 mosaic flooring 瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring
油地毡地面 linoleum flooring 预制水磨石地面 precast terrazzo flooring
硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring 搁栅 joist 硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring
企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring 防酸地面 acid-resistant floor
钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab) 乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring
水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo 地面做2％坡 floor with 2% slope 集水沟 gully 集水口 gulley
排水沟 drainage trench 沟盖板 trench cover 活动盖板 removable cover plate 集水坑 sump pit
孔翻边 hole up stand 电缆沟 cable trench

h. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件
木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door 镶板门 panelled door 夹板门 plywood door
铝合金门 aluminum alloy door 卷帘门 roller shutter door 弹簧门 swing door 推拉门 sliding door
平开门 side-hung door 折叠门 folding door 旋转门 revolving door 玻璃门 glazed door
密闭门 air-Tight door 保温门 thermal insulating door 镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel wire mesh door
防火门 fire door (大门上的)小门 wicket 门框 door frame 门扇 door leaf 门洞 door opening
结构开洞 structural opening 单扇门 single door 双扇门 double door 疏散门 emergency door 纱门 screen door
门槛 door sill 门过梁 door lintel 上冒头 top rail 下冒头 bottom rail 门边木 stile 门樘侧料 side jumb
槽口 notch 木窗 wooden window 钢窗 steel window 铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window
百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind) 塑钢窗 plastic steel window 空腹钢窗 hollow steel window
固定窗 fixed window 平开窗 side-hung window 推拉窗 sliding window 气窗 transom 上悬窗 top-hung window
中悬窗 center-pivoted window 下悬窗 hopper window 活动百叶窗 adjustable louver 天窗 skylight
老虎窗 dormer window 密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing 钢筋混凝土过梁 reinforced concrete lintel
钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel 窗扇 casement sash 窗台 window sill 窗台板 window board
窗中梃 mullion 窗横木 mutin 窗边木 stile 压缝条 cover mould 窗帘盒 curtain box 合页(铰链) hinge (butts)
转轴 pivot 长脚铰链 parliament hinge 闭门器 door closer 地弹簧 floor closer 插销 bolt 门锁 door lock 拉手 pull
链条 chain 门钩 door hanger 碰球 ball latch 窗钩 window catch 暗插销 insert bolt 电动开关器 electric opener
平板玻璃 plate glass 夹丝玻璃 wire glass 透明玻璃 clear glass 毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)
防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass 石英玻璃 quartz glass 吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass 磨光玻璃 polished glass
着色玻璃 pigmented glass 玻璃瓦 glass tile 玻璃砖 glass block 有机玻璃 organic glass

I. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯
楼梯 stair 楼梯间 staircase 疏散梯 emergency stair 旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair) 吊车梯 crane ladder
直爬梯 vertical ladder 踏步 step 扇形踏步 winder (wheel step) 踏步板 tread 档步板 riser 踏步宽度 tread width
防滑条 non-slip insert (strips) 栏杆 railing (balustrade) 平台栏杆 platform railing
吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting hole 扶手 handrail 梯段高度 height of flight 防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)
平台 landing (platform) 操作平台 operating platform 装卸平台 platform for loading & unloading
楼梯平台 stair landing 客梯 passenger lift 货梯 goods lift 客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift 液压电梯 hydraulic lift
自动扶梯 escalator 观光电梯 observation elevator 电梯机房 lift mortar room 电梯坑 lift pit 电梯井道 lift shaft

j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语
Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦 红砖 red brick 粘土砖 clay brick 瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)
防火砖 fire brick 空心砖 hollow brick 面砖 facing brick 地板砖 flooring tile 缸砖 clinkery brick
马赛克 mosaic 陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete 琉璃瓦 glazed tile 脊瓦 ridge tile 石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)
波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugated asbestos cement sheet 灰、砂和石Lime, Sand and Stone石膏 gypsum
大理石 marble
汉白玉 white marble
花岗岩 granite
碎石 crushed stone
毛石 rubble
蛭石 vermiculite
珍珠岩 pearlite
水磨石 terrazzo
卵石 cobble
砾石 gravel
粗砂 course sand
中砂 medium sand
细砂 fine sand
Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土
波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement
硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement
火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement
白水泥 white cement
水泥砂浆 cement mortar
石灰砂浆 lime mortar
水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar
保温砂浆 thermal mortar
防水砂浆 water-proof mortar
耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar
耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar
沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar
纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar
麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar
灰缝 mortar joint
素混凝土 plain concrete
钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete
轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete
细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete
沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete
泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete
炉渣混凝土 cinder concrete
Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料
水刷石 granitic plaster
斩假石 artificial stone
刷浆 lime wash
可赛银 casein
大白浆 white wash
麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base
喷大白浆两道 sprayed twice with white wash
分格抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned
板条抹灰 lath and plaster
Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉
沥青卷材 asphalt felt
沥青填料 asphalt filler
沥青胶泥 asphalt grout
冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer
沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic
沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum
石棉板 asbestos sheet
石棉纤维 asbestos fiber
Timber 木材
裂缝 crack
透裂 split
环裂 shake
干缩 shrinkage
翘曲 warping
原木 log
圆木 round timber
方木 square timber
板材 plank
木条 batten
板条 lath
木板 board
红松 red pine
白松 white pine
落叶松 deciduous pine
云杉 spruce
柏木 cypress
白杨 white poplar
桦木 birch
冷杉 fir
栎木 oak
榴木 willow
榆木 elm
杉木 cedar
柚木 teak
樟木 camphor wood
防腐解决的木材 preservative-treated lumber
胶合板 plywood
三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood
企口板 tongued and grooved board
层夹板 laminated plank
胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber
纤维板 fiber-board
竹子 bamboo
Metallic Materials 金属材料
黑色金属 ferrous metal
圆钢 steelbBar
方钢 square steel
扁钢 steel strap,flat steel
型钢 steel section (shape)
槽钢 channel
角钢 angle steel
等边角钢 equal-leg angle
不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle
工字钢 I-beam
宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam
丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)
冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape
热轧 hot-rolled
冷轧 cold-rolled
冷拉 cold-drawn
冷压 cold-pressed
合金钢 alloy steel
钛合金 titanium alloy
不锈钢 stainless steel
竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar
变形钢筋 deformed bar
光圆钢筋 plain round bar
钢板 steel plate
薄钢板 thin steel plate
低碳钢 low carbon steel
冷弯 cold bending
钢管 steel pipe (tube)
无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe
焊接钢管 welded steel pipe
黑铁管 iron pipe
镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe
铸铁 cast iron
生铁 pig iron
熟铁 wrought iron
镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet
镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire
钢丝网 steel wire mesh
多孔金属网 expanded metal
锰钢 managanese steel
高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steel
Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属
金 gold
白金 platinum
铜 copper
黄铜 brass
青铜 bronze
银 silver
铝 aluminum
铅 lead
Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料
聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene
尼龙 nylon
聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate
聚苯乙烯 polystyrene
丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin
乙烯基酯 vinyl ester
橡胶内衬 rubber lining
氯丁橡胶 neoprene
沥青漆 bitumen paint
环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint
氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer
防锈漆 anti-rust paint
耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint
耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint
水玻璃 sodium silicate
树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar
环氧树脂 epoxy resin
Building Hardware 建筑五金
钉子 nails
螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail
环纹石膏板钉 annular-ring gypsum board nail
螺丝 screws
平头螺丝 flat-head screw
螺栓 bolt
普通螺栓 commercial bolt
高强螺栓 high strength bolt
预埋螺栓 insert bolt
胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt
垫片 washer
Paint 油漆
底漆 primer
防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer
防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint
调和漆 mixed paint
无光漆 flat paint
透明漆 varnish
银粉漆 aluminum paint
磁漆 enamel paint
干性油 drying oil
稀释剂 thinner
焦油 tar
沥青漆 asphalt paint
桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil
红丹 red lead
铅油 lead oil
腻子 putty

k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语

Discipline 专业
建筑 architecture
土木 civil
给排水 water supply and drainage
总图 plot plan
采暖通风 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)
电力供应 electric power supply
电气照明 electric lighting
电讯 telecommunication
仪表 instrument
热力供应 heat power supply
动力 mechanical power
工艺 process technology
管道 piping
Conventional Terms 一般通用名词
建筑原理 architectonics
建筑形式 architectural style
民用建筑 civil architecture
城市建筑 urban architecture
农村建筑 rural architecture
农业建筑 farm building
工业建筑 industrial building
重工业的 heavy industrial
轻工业的 light industrial
古代建筑 ancient architecture
现代建筑 modern architecture
标准化建筑 standardized buildings
附属建筑 auxiliary buildings
城市规划 city planning
厂区内 within site
厂区外 offsite
封闭式 closed type
开敞式 open type
半开敞式 semi-open type
模数制 modular system
单位造价 unit cost
概算 preliminary estimate
承包商 constructor, contractor
现场 site
扩建 extension
改建 reconstruction
防火 fire-prevention
防震 aseismatic, quake-proof
防腐 anti-corrosion
防潮 dump-proof
防水 water-proof
防尘 dust-proof
防锈 rust-proof
车流量 traffic volume
货流量 freight traffic volume
人流量 pedestrian volume
透视图 perspective drawing
建筑模型 building model
Architectural Physics 建筑物理
照明 illumination
照度 degree of illumination
亮度 brightness
日照 sunshine
天然采光 natural lighting
光强 light intensity
侧光 side light
顶光 top light
眩光 glaze
方位角 azimuth
辐射 radiation
对流 convection
传导 conduction
遮阳 sun-shade
保温 thermal insulation
恒温 constant temperature
恒湿 constant humidity
噪音 noise
隔音 sound-proof
吸音 sound absorption
露点 dew point
隔汽 vapor-proof
Name Of Professional role 职务名称
项目经理 project manager (PM)
设计经理 design manager
首席建筑师 principal architect
总工程师 chief engineer
土木工程师 civil engineer
工艺工程师 process engineer
电气工程师 electrical engineer
机械工程师 mechanical engineer
计划工程师 planning engineer
助理工程师 assistant engineer
实习生 probationer
专家 specialist, expert
制图员 draftsman
技术员 technician
Drafting 制图
总说明 general specification
工程说明 project specification
采用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted
图纸目录 list of drawings
平面图 plan
局部放大图 detail with enlarged scale
．．．平面示意图 schematic plan of...
．．．平剖面图 sectional plan of...
留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes
剖面 section
纵剖面 longitudinal section
横剖面 cross (transverse) section
立面 elevation
正立面 front elevation
透视图 perspective drawing
侧立面 side elevation
背立面 back elevation
详图 detail drawings
典型节点 typical detail
节点号 detail No.
首页 front page
图纸目录及说明 list of contents and description
图例 legend
示意图 diagram
草图 sketch
荷载简图 load diagram
流程示意图 flow diagram
标准图 standard drawing
．．．布置图 layout of ...
地形图 topographical map
土方工程图 earth-work drawing
展开图 developed drawing
模板图 formwork drawing
配筋 arrangement of reinforcement
表格 tables
工程进度表 working schedule
技术经济指标 technical and economical index
建、构筑物一览表 list of buildings and structures
编号 coding
序列号 serial No.
行和栏 rows and columns
备注 remarks
等级 grade
直线 straight Line
曲线 curves
曲折线 zigzag line
虚线 dotted line
实线 solid line
影线 hatching line
点划线 dot and dash line
轴线 axis
等高线 contour Line
中心线 center Line
双曲线 hyperbola
抛物线 parabola
切线 tangent Line
尺寸线 dimension Line
园形 round
环形 annular
方形 square
矩形 rectangle
平行四边形 parallelogram
三角形 triangle
五角形 pen