1、热轧产品基本知识及标准1、 热连轧钢板产品简介:热连轧钢板、带产品,是以板坯(主要为连铸坯)为原料,经加热后由粗轧机组及精轧机组制成带钢。从精轧最后一架轧机出来的热钢带通过层流冷却至设定温度,由卷取机卷成钢带卷,冷却后的钢带卷,根据用户的不同需求,经过不同的精整作业线(平整、矫直、横切或纵切、检验、称重、包装及标志等)加工而成为钢板、平整卷及纵切钢带产品。由于热连轧钢板产品具有强度高,韧性好,易于加工成型及良好的可焊接性等优良性能,因而北广泛应用于船舶、汽车、桥梁、建筑、机械、压力容器等制造行业。随着热轧尺寸精度、板形、表面质量等控制新技术的日益成熟以及新产品的不断问世,热连轧钢板、带产品得到
2、了越来越广泛的应用并在市场上具有越来越强的竞争力。一般说明热连轧钢板产品,钢种规格品种繁多,用途广泛,从一般的工程结构至汽车、桥梁、船舶、锅炉压力容器等制造,都得到大量使用。各种不同用途,对钢板的材质性能、表面质量及尺寸、外形精度等要求也各不相同,因此,必须对热轧钢板产品的品种、材质、特性及其用途有所了解,才能做到经济、合理利用。2、 力学性能考虑要点力学性能名词术语(1)力学性能:钢板的力学性能式指钢板在受力作用下所显示与弹性或非弹性反应相关或涉及应力应变关系的性能。抗拉强度、屈服点、伸长率及冲击吸收功是表示热轧钢板力学性能的主要指标。其大小表示钢材抵抗各种作用的能力的大小,是评定钢板材料质
3、量的主要判据,也是钢板制件设计时选材和进行强度计算的主要依据。(2)力学性能实验:测定热轧钢板力学性能的实验主要有拉伸试验及冲击试验等。(3)屈服强度:试样在拉伸过程中,负荷不增加或开始有所降低而试样仍能继续伸长(变形)时的应力。钢材的屈服强度愈低,产生永久变形所需的力愈小,即愈容易成形加工。(4)抗拉强度:试样拉伸时,在拉断前所承受的最大应力。当材料所受的外应力大于其抗拉强度时,将会发生破裂,因此,钢板材料的抗拉强度愈大,则表示它愈能承受大的外应力而不断裂。(5)伸长率:试样在拉断后,其标距部分所增加的长度与原标距长度的百分比。伸长率的比数愈大,则表示材料在受力破坏前可以经受永久变形的性能(
4、塑性)愈好;反之则塑性愈差。(6)冲击功(冲击吸收功):冲击试验时,规定形状和尺寸的试样在冲击力一次作用下折断时所吸收的功,冲击功的大小,表示金属材料对冲击负荷的抵抗能力。冲击功愈高,则材料抗突然脆断的能力愈强。热连轧钢板产品的选用 1)力学性能与可成形性及使用性能的关系 要使钢板获得所需的形状,必须使其永久变形,所采取的工艺可以是局部或整体弯曲、深冲、张拉或这些成型方法的组合。 (1)薄钢板的屈服强度表示出成形后的可成形性和强度,对普通碳素钢板的成形,屈服点值过高,常常有可能发生过大的回弹、成形时容易破断,磨具磨损快以及由于塑性不良而出现缺陷。然而材料的屈服点小于140Mpa时,又可能经受不
5、住成形过程中施加的应力,对用于较复杂或复杂成形加工或冲压加工的钢板,通常要求具有比较低的屈服强度值,而且屈服比值愈小,由钢板的成形性能愈好。 (2)中厚板的冷态可成形性与材料的屈服强度和伸长率有直接关系。屈服强度值愈低,产生永久变形所需的应力愈小;伸长率值愈高,高的延展性可以允许承受大的变形量而不致断裂。 (3)对用于建筑结构、桥梁及机械结构件的钢板,为防止构件断裂,要求钢板材料具有特点的抗拉强度,而为防止构件变形,又要求钢板材料具有一定的屈服强度,因此对这类用途的钢材都要求规定抗拉强度、屈服强度的最小值或范围值。 (4)对用于承受冲击负荷变形,例如船舶、桥梁、石油、天然气管线用钢板,为防止其
6、使用中发生脆性断裂,又要求其具有一定足够高的冲击韧性-冲击功值。2)钢板品种类别的选用.热连轧钢板产品包括带(卷)及由其剪切而成的钢板。而钢带(卷)又可分为直发卷及精整卷(分卷,平整分卷及纵切带卷)。由于直发卷未经重卷,未切除钢带头尾尺寸变化部分并且未经矫直和平整,因此直发卷带有舌头和鱼尾,并且容易发生头尾厚度、宽度不均,边部浪形,折边、塔形以及开卷后出现折皱(腰折)等缺陷,因此对钢板的表面质量,板形要求比较高的用途而言,不宜选用热轧直发卷,而应选用经过精整线重卷、平整的平整卷。钢板与平整卷 3)钢板材质的选用 3、 热轧系列产品介绍【 产品牌号及标准 】 宝钢企业标准相当国际标准说明标准号牌
7、号标准号牌号热轧低碳钢Q/BQB 302SPHCSPHDSPHEJIS G3131SPHCSPHDSPHE适用于制造冷成型加工的零件。StW22StW23StW24DIN 1614(EN10111)StW22 (DD11)STW23 (DD12)StW24 (DD13)一般结构用钢Q/BQB 303SS 330SS 400SS 490SS 540JIS G3101SS 330SS 400SS 490SS 540用于建筑、桥梁、船舶、车辆等一般结构件。St 33St 37-2St 37-3St 44-2St 50-2St 52-3DIN 17100(EN10025)St 33 (S185)St
8、37-2 (S235JR)St 37-3 (S235JO)St 44-2 (S275JR)St 50-2 (E295)St 52-3 (S355JO)焊接结构用钢Q/BQB 303SM400ASM400BSM400CSM490ASM490BSM490CSM490YASM490YBSM520BSM520CJIS G3106SM400ASM400BSM400CSM490ASM490BSM490CSM490YASM490YBSM520BSM520C用于建筑、桥梁、船舶、车辆、石油罐、工程机械等要求焊接性能优良的结构件。B520JJ-混凝土搅拌车筒体用热连轧钢板。Welten590RENSCWelte
9、n590RE可焊高强度钢板,用于压力容器、油罐、工程机械、采矿机械、压力水管等。B590GJAB590GJB-机械结构用钢Q/BQB 303C22C35S20CS35CDIN 17200JIS G4501C22C35S20CS35C用于经切削等加工并热处理后使用的机械结构件。细晶粒结构钢-StE255StE355DIN 17102StE255StE355适用于焊接的细晶粒结构钢。钢管用钢带钢Q/BQB 303SPHT1SPHT2SPHT3JIS G3132SPHT1SPHT2SPHT3用于焊接钢管。汽车结构用钢Q/BQB 310BZJ 311BZJ 312BZJ 313BZJ 314SAPH
10、310SAPH 370SAPH 400SAPH 440JIS G3113SAPH 310SAPH 370SAPH 400SAPH 440用于要求成形性加工性能的汽车构架、车轮等汽车结构件。QStE 340TMQStE 380TMQStE 420TMQStE 460TMQStE 500TMSEW 092(EN10149-2)QStE 340TM (-)QStE 380TM (-)QStE 420TM (S420MC)QStE 460TM (S460MC)QStE 500TM (S500MC)冷变形用热轧粒钢,用于要求良好冷成型性能并有较高或高强度要求的汽车大梁等结构件。B330CLB380CLB
11、420CL-有良好冷成型性能,用于汽车滚型车轮轮网及轮幅。B440QZRB480QZR-制造汽车传动轴管用。B320L B550LB510L B420LB510DL-汽车大梁、横梁用。锅炉及压力容器用钢Q/BQB 320HII19Mn6DIN 17155 (EN10028-2)HII (P265GH)19Mn6 (P355GH)除保证常温性能外,还保证较高温度下的力学性能,适用于蒸汽锅炉设备,较高工作温度的压力容器及类似结构件。Q/BQB 320SB410JIS G3103SB410Q/BQB 321B440HPB490HPJIS G3116SG295SG325焊接气瓶用钢板。船体结构用钢Q/
12、BQB 330ABDLR,BVGL,DNV及ABS船规ABD可按各国船级社规范供货。耐大气腐蚀钢Q/BQB 340WTSt37-2WTSt52-3SEW087 (EN10155)WTSt37-2 (S235J2W)WTSt52-3 (S355J2G1W)用于制造集装箱、铁道车辆、石油井架、工程机械等要求耐大气腐蚀的结构件截流和燃料。NAW 400NAW 490NSCNAW 400NAW 490B460NQRB490NQR-耐硫酸腐蚀钢S-ten2NSCS-ten2用于制造含硫化氢介质的容器等。耐海水腐蚀钢Mariloy G41AMariloy S50AMariloy G41AMariloy S
13、50A用于采油平台、船舶、海港建筑等结构构件。高耐候性结构钢BZJ342B480GNQR-用于制造车辆、集装、建筑及其它结构件。厚度方向性能热连轧钢板Q/BQB 350Z15Z25Z35-钢板厚度方向性能有良好的抗层状撕裂性能,用于海上采油平台及其它要求厚度性能的结构件。表面硬化钢Q/BQB 360C10C15DIN 17210C10C15高纯净低碳钢,供进行表面渗碳或渗氮后进行淬火硬化制造表层高硬度、耐磨、芯部具高韧性的结构件。S09CKS15CKJIS G4051S09CKS15CK高韧性管线钢BZJ 371X60RLX70RLAPI 5LX60X70供螺旋焊生产石油输送管用高韧性管线钢热
14、轧宽带钢直缝焊接套管用钢BZJ 372J55API 5CTJ55供制造直缝焊石油套管用花纹钢板BZJ 390BCP 270BCP 340BCP 400-扁豆型花纹钢板自行车用热连轧宽带钢BZJ 304SPHT1Z,SPHT2ZSPHT3Z,SPHDZSM50BZ,SM53BZ-用于制造自行车上、下、后接头,前叉肩、前花盘、链条滚车把横管,中轴等零件管线用热连轧卷GB 14164S205,S240S315S290,S360,S385S415,S450,S480API 5LGrade A,BX42,X46,X52X56,X60,X65X70石油、天然气输送管用 可供规格范围 品种厚度宽度长度(或带
15、卷内径)钢板切边1.225.45501850200012000 (t5)不切边6001900200016000 (t5)钢带切边1.212.75501850760+20760-70(内径)Hot Rolled Product Grade & Standard Scope of supply Baosteel StandardEquivalent foreign standardDescriptionStandard NoGradeStandard NoGradeHot rolled low carbon steelQ/BQB 302SPHCSPHDSPHEJIS G3131SPHCSPHDSP
16、HESuitable for manufacturing of cold formed partsStW22StW23StW24DIN 1614(EN10111)StW22 (DD11)STW23 (DD12)StW24 (DD13)Common structure steelQ/BQB 303SS 330SS 400SS 490SS 540JIS G3101SS 330SS 400SS 490SS 540For common structure of construction, bridges, ships&vessels and auto mobilesSt 33St 37-2St 37-
17、3St 44-2St 50-2St 52-3DIN 17100(EN10025)St 33 (S185)St 37-2 (S235JR)St 37-3 (S235JO)St 44-2 (S275JR)St 50-2 (E295)St 52-3 (S355JO)Weldable structure steelQ/BQB 303SM400ASM400BSM400CSM490ASM490BSM490CSM490YASM490YBSM520BSM520CJIS G3106SM400ASM400BSM400CSM490ASM490BSM490CSM490YASM490YBSM520BSM520CFor
18、structures requiring fine weldability used in buildings bridges, ships & vessals, autombiles, petroleum tanks and construction machinesB520JJ-Hot rolled steel plate for barrel of concret mixing vehicleWelten590RENSCWelten590REWeldable high strength steel plate, used for presure vessel, oil tank, con
19、struction, machine mining machine and pressure water pipeB590GJAB590GJB-Mechanical structure steelQ/BQB 303C22C35S20CS35CDIN 17200JIS G4501C22C35S20CS35CGor mechanical structures machined and heat treated before useFine grain structure steel-StE255StE355DIN 17102StE255StE355Fine grain structure stee
20、l suitble for weldingStrip steel for steel tubeQ/BQB 303SPHT1SPHT2SPHT3JIS G3132SPHT1SPHT2SPHT3For welded tubeAutomobile structure steelQ/BQB 310BZJ 311BZJ 312BZJ 313BZJ 314SAPH 310SAPH 370SAPH 400SAPH 440JIS G3113SAPH 310SAPH 370SAPH 400SAPH 440For automobile structures requiring fine formability a
21、nd machinability including automobile frames and wheelsQStE 340TMQStE 380TMQStE 420TMQStE 460TMQStE 500TMSEW 092(EN10149-2)QStE 340TM (-)QStE 380TM (-)QStE 420TM (S420MC)QStE 460TM (S460MC)QStE 500TM (S500MC)Hot rolled strip for cold-formed parts, such as main frame and other structure parts of auto
22、mobile with high strength and good cold formabilityB330CLB380CLB420CL-Hot rolled strip with good cold formability for automobiles wheels, rims and spokesB440QZRB480QZR-Appilicable to manufacturing of auto drive shaft tubeB320L B550LB510L B420LB510DL-Appilicable to manufacturing of auto frame and cro
23、ss beamBoiler & pressure vesselQ/BQB 320HII19Mn6DIN 17155 (EN10028-2)HII (P265GH)19Mn6 (P355GH)Able to ensure the mechanical prorerties at high temperature and aplicabele to steam boiler and equipment and the other high pressure vessel at high operating temperatureQ/BQB 320SB410JIS G3103SB410Q/BQB 3
24、21B440HPB490HPJIS G3116SG295SG325Applicable to the welded gas bottleVesel structure steelQ/BQB 330ABDLR, BVGL, DNVABSABDAvailable to satisfy the classification of the vessel societies of different countriesWeather proof steelQ/BQB 340WTSt37-2WTSt52-3SEW087 (EN10155)WTSt37-2 (S235J2W)WTSt52-3 (S355J2
25、G1W)Applocable to manufacturing of the structures like container, railway vehicle, petroleum deck, engineering machinery which require weather proof propertyNAW 400NAW 490NSCNAW 400NAW 490B460NQRB490NQR-Sulfuric acid proof steelS-ten2NSCS-ten2Applicable to manufacturing of the vessel for the medium
26、containing hydro-sulphuric acidSea water proof steelMariloy G41AMariloy S50AMariloy G41AMariloy S50AApplicable to manufacturing of the structure like petroleum deck,vessel, harbour building.High weather proof structure steelBZJ342B480GNQR-Applicable to manufacturing of vehicle ,container, building a
27、nd other structural parts.Thickness high performance steelQ/BQB 350Z15Z25Z35-Applicable to manufacturing of petroleum deck and other structure requiring thickness high performance, due to its good resistance against lamcllar tearingHardened surface steelQ/BQB 360C10C15DIN 17210C10C15As ahigh purity
28、low carbon steel plate, it is applocable to manufacturing of the structure of high hardness in surface and high tensile in core which is processed through surface cementation or nitration, theb hardened by quenchingS09CKS15CKJIS G4051S09CKS15CKHigh toughness line steelBZJ 371X60RLX70RLAPI 5LX60X70Hi
29、gh toughness line steel and wide hot strip for spiral welding of petroleum tansport lineStraight welding casing steelBZJ 372J55API 5CTJ55Aplicable to manufacturing of stright welding oil casingCheckedBZJ 390BCP 270BCP 340BCP 400-Bean shape chaked steel plateHot rolled wide strip for bikeBZJ 304SPHT1
30、Z,SPHT2ZSPHT3Z,SPHDZSM50BZ,SM53BZ-Applicable to manufacturing the bike structral parts like uper, lower, and rear connection, front fork, front face-plate, chain rolling handle bar, cross tube, center shaftHot rolled coil for pipelineGB 14164S205,S240S315S290,S360,S385S415,S450,S480API 5LGrade A,BX42,X46,X52X56,X60,X65X70Applicable to petroleum and natural gas pipeline Scope of supply VarietyThicknessWidthLength ( or inner diameter of coil)Steel plateTrimmed1.225.45501850200012000 (t5)Non-trimmed6001900200016000 (t?5)Steel sheetTrimed1.212.75501850760+20760-70(Inner diameter)