螺旋桨课程设计任务书.doc

1. 船舶重要参数1）原始给定船舶数据船型：远洋散装货船，球鼻艏、球艉、单桨、半悬舵。总长 195.0 m设计水线长 190.0 m垂线间长 185.0 m型宽 28.4 m型深 15.8 m设计吃水 11.0 m设计排水量 48755 t 型排水体积 47423 m3方形系数 0.821棱形系数 0.8252）船舶有效马力曲线船体船舶的有效马力曲线是表征船体阻力特性的曲线可通过近似估算或船模阻力实验来拟定，相应于不同装载情况将有不同的有效马力曲线，一般有满载和压载之分。此外考虑到由于风浪或污底等情况，则尚需增长一定百分数（20%左右）的有效马力裕度，通过下表可绘制附图二中的PE曲线。航速（kn）12.013.013.514.014.515.015.516.0压载(hp)25003200361041004650535062407320满载(hp)33624263477353135882657374788898120%超满载(hp)4034511557276376705878878973106772. 主机与螺旋桨参数主机型号 6RLB66型柴油机1台主机发出功率 额定转速 螺旋桨型号 MAU型叶数 4叶桨数 单桨旋向 右旋螺旋桨材料 ZQAL12-8-3-2(K=1.2)材料 桨轴距基线高度 3.6 m3. 设计工况、参数设计功率 按满载工况设计，设计转速 螺旋桨直径 4. 推动因子的拟定伴流分数 推力减额分数 螺旋桨直径 轴系传送效率 船身效率 5. 可以达成的最大航速设计海水密度： 船后螺旋桨敞水受到马力 （取）： 螺旋桨产生的扭矩 ： 螺旋桨转速： 螺旋桨转矩系数： 以MAU4-40、MAU4-55、MAU4-70的敞水性征曲线进行设计插值计算：其中：，见教材P264附录图一MAU4-40敞水性征图谱，由J、P/D可查得KT、10KQ和0 。表一 敞水图谱设计表MAU4-40项目单位数值P/D1假定航速kn13.00014.00015.00016.0002VAm/s4.2804.6094.9385.26730.3700.3980.4270.4554KT 0.1450.1360.1250.1170.610KQ0.1600.1550.1450.1405KT0.1870.1800.1680.1600.710KQ0.2200.2100.2000.1956KT0.2290.2200.2100.9100.810KQ0.2860.2800.2700.2607KT0.2700.2600.2500.2400.910KQ0.3600.3500.3400.3308MAU4-4010KQ0.2170.2170.2170.217注：由10KQ=0.217和17行，插值求得KT、P/D、0和PTEKT0.1850.1840.1780.170P/D0.6950.7100.7240.73400.5020.5370.5580.568PTEkn5686.0126082.4476320.3086433.576其中：见教材P264附录图一MAU4-40敞水性征图谱，由J、P/D可查得KT、10KQ和0MAU-55项目单位数值P/D1假定航速kn13.00014.00015.00016.0002VAm/s4.2804.6094.9385.26730.3700.3980.4270.4554KT0.1370.1260.1160.1040.610KQ0.1600.1500.1430.1325KT0.1840.1730.1640.1520.710KQ0.2250.2150.2070.1956KT0.2320.2200.2100.1990.810KQ0.3010.2900.2800.2707KT0.2770.2660.2550.2440.910KQ0.3880.3800.3650.3518MAU4-5510KQ0.2170.2170.2170.217注：由10KQ=0.217和17行，插值求得KT、P/D、0和PTEKT0.1780.1740.1700.166P/D0.6880.7030.7140.72900.4830.5080.5330.554PTEkn5470.8055753.9726037.1406275.001MAU-70项目单位数值P/D1假定航速kn13.00014.00015.00016.0002VAm/s4.2804.6094.9385.26730.3700.3980.4270.4554KT0.1300.1180.1070.0930.610KQ0.1600.1500.1380.1275KT0.1810.1700.1580.1440.710KQ0.2290.2150.2050.1926KT0.2340.2200.2090.1950.810KQ0.3100.2980.2840.2707KT0.2840.2700.2600.2450.910KQ0.4050.3900.3790.3608MAU4-7010KQ0.2170.2170.2170.217注：由10KQ=0.217和17行，插值求得KT、P/D、0和PTEKT0.1720.1710.1660.160P/D0.6830.7020.7150.73200.4670.4990.5200.534PTEkn5289.5775652.0325889.8936048.467由表一可绘制如教材P119图8-9所示，以V为横坐标，以PE、P/D、0和PTE为纵坐标绘制图谱设计的计算曲线，图中曲线PE和曲线PTE的交点即为所求的螺旋桨，将该交点平行纵轴与图中各取线的交点列于下表中。表二 设计计算的最佳要素表盘面比Vmax/ knP/D敞水效率0MAU4-4014.8120.7220.555MAU4-5514.5180.7090.521MAU4-7014.4000.7070.5096. 空泡校核（对表二所得的不同航速的盘面比进行校核）表三 空泡校核计算结果序号项目单位数值MAU-40MAU-55MAU-7010.40.550.72kgf/m21791517915179153m/s4.8764.8004.7414(m/s)223.77922.84422.4745m/s25.43825.43825.4386(m/s)2647.101647.101647.1017(m/s)2669.880669.945669.5758kgf m-235044.77235048.17335028.81690.506240.506190.5064710查限界线图得0.1830.1830.18411推力kgf78932.98675270.66174452.12012m212.30811.73611.55113m213.65012.97312.76314m224.61824.61824.61815需要盘面比0.5540.5270.518按柏利尔空泡限界线图，计算不发生空泡的最小展开面积比：桨轴浸深：11-3.6m=7.4m；。根据表三的计算结果做图，可求得不发生空泡的最小盘面比以及相应的最佳螺旋桨要素：，。7. 强度校核表四 强度校核计算表序号项目单位数值0.25R0.60R1桨叶宽度bm1.20711.658920.7R处D/P D/P0.71.40851.40893D/P1.40891.40894K1634207K2250151K31410635K443452379.0059852.39236K58223K63412K74165K838033071384.38701181.41558功率系数43235.515511272.17009材料系数K1.21.210转速系数0.30310.188211规范规定最小厚度mm219.5575105.549612MAU标准厚度mm214.2122.113校核结果不合格合格14实取桨叶厚度mm219.56126.251）按中国船级社2023年钢质海船入级与建造规范校核和处的叶厚应不小于：，其中；。主机额定功率：（即螺旋桨在船后实际收的效率）。；（教材P110表8-4）；。2）浆叶厚度的径向分布，由教材P96线性分布的规定，实际厚度按和连直线决定，则各半径处的桨叶厚度如下：；。8. 螺距修正决定毂径比为0.1800（AU型桨的毂径比都为0.18）。由于实际桨叶厚度大于MAU标准桨厚度，故需因厚度差进行螺距修正（以MAU4-55为基准桨）。（教材P110表8-4）标准螺旋桨：；设计螺旋桨：所以 修正后的螺距比 9. 敞水性征曲线的拟定船体设计手册总体分册P321，螺距比按修正之前的数值P/D=0.710。由MAU4-40和MAU4-55，P/D=0.710（第一次插值）的敞水性征曲线，通过第二次插值得到MAU4-5375，P/D=0.710的敞水性征曲线：表五 插值计算表(a) 第一次插值4-J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.840P/D=0.7KT0.2950.2700.2420.2100.1780.1410.1030.0610.01810KQ0.2950.2800.2600.2350.2100.1800.1450.1050.056P/D=0.8KT0.3350.3100.2830.2520.2200.1840.1460.1060.06410KQ0.3710.3520.3300.3050.2760.2450.2090.1690.12055P/D=0.7KT0.3050.2770.2460.2100.1720.1350.0900.0480.00010KQ0.3300.3100.2800.2500.2150.1800.1350.0900.030P/D=0.8KT0.3500.3230.2900.2580.2200.1800.1400.0950.05010KQ0.4200.3900.3600.3300.2900.2500.2050.1500.098（b）第二次插值J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.8MAU4-40P/D=0.710KT0.2990.2740.2460.2140.1820.1450.1070.06550.022610KQ0.3030.2870.2670.2420.2170.1870.1510.1110.0624MAU4-55P/D=0.710KT0.3100.2820.2500.2150.1770.1400.09500.05270.0050010KQ0.3390.3180.2880.2580.2230.1870.1420.09600.0368Ad=0.529KT0.3080.2810.2490.2150.1780.1410.09670.05450.0074610KQ0.3340.3140.2850.2560.2220.1870.1430.09810.0404表六 设计桨的敞水特性数据表J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.8Ad=0.529P/D=0.710KT0.3080.2810.2490.2150.1780.1410.09670.05450.0074610KQ0.3340.3140.2850.2560.2220.1870.1430.09810.0404000.1430.2780.4010.5110.6000.6460.6190.235将上述计算结果绘制成图四，作为下面系柱设计和航行特性计算的数据依据。10. 系柱特性计算螺旋桨在系泊状态（系柱）下即船速，螺旋桨的进速系数，螺旋桨的、达成最大值，螺旋桨处在“重载”状态。系柱状态下，要对主机转矩、推力、转速的计算， 由敞水性征得时，。计算功率：， 主机转矩：，系柱推力：，螺旋桨转速 ：。11. 航行特性计算船体、螺旋桨和主机之间互相联系，航行特性曲线反映了船体、螺旋桨和主机三者的关系。对于三个不同的转速、和情况下进行计算的结果如表七所示。 表七 航行性能计算表 项目单位数据Vkn13.00014.00015.00016.00017.000m/s4.2804.6094.9385.2675.597J0.3700.3980.4270.4550.484KT0.1900.1780.1680.1590.14810KQ0.2340.2240.2130.2030.193PTEhp58455897596460205954PShp101699735925788228388项目单位数据Vkn13.00014.00015.00016.00017.000m/s4.2804.6094.9385.2675.597J0.4020.4330.4640.4950.526KT0.1770.1670.1560.1430.13010KQ0.2220.2120.2020.1880.175PTEhp46024676468045764420PShp74977159682263495910项目单位数据Vkn13.00014.00015.00016.00017.000m/s4.2804.6094.9385.2675.597J0.4410.4750.5090.5430.577KT0.1640.1510.1370.1240.10810KQ0.2080.1960.1820.1690.153PTEhp35493519342130333056PShp53335025466643333923其中：；将上述计算结果绘制成图五。由图五可以求得：压载航行时，可达最大航速为15.350kn，主机功率为9150 hp。120%超满载航行时，可达最大航速为13.640 kn，主机功率为9870 hp。满载航行时，可达最大航速为14.650 kn，主机功率为9450 hp。与设计规定基本一致。12. 重量及惯性矩计算根据我国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院提出的近似公式计算（见教材P99）：桨叶重：；桨毂重：；螺旋桨总重量：其中：为桨叶最大宽度（m）。为桨毂长度中央处轴径，可按下式估算：（K取1/15）螺旋桨惯性矩：当时和分别为主机最大连续功率情况下的螺旋桨收到马力(hp)和转速(r/min)；分别为0.2R和0.6R处切面之最大厚度(m)；K为轴毅配合的锥度；为毂长(m)；为材料重量密度(kgf /m3)；Z为桨叶数；d为桨毂直径(m)；D为螺旋桨直径(m) 。；（教材P110表8-4）；由毂径比可得：；估算得出：桨叶重 ：；桨毂重 ：；螺旋桨总重量：；螺旋桨惯性矩：13. 螺旋桨的设计总结螺旋桨直径 5.6m螺距比 0.710型式 MAU盘面比 0.529叶数 4纵倾角 螺旋桨效率 0.525设计航速 14.57kn毂径比 0.18旋向 右旋材料 ZQAL12-8-3-2重量 14366.597kg惯性矩 202383.612kg做图附表一：MAU螺旋桨桨叶轮廓尺寸表（实际尺寸）叶片宽度以最大叶片宽度%表达r/R0.20.30.40.50.60.660.70.80.90.951.0从母线到叶片随边的距离%27.9633.4538.7643.5447.9649.7451.3352.3948.4942.0717.29实际距离（mm）467.98559.87648.75728.75802.73832.53859.14876.88811.60704.15289.39从母线到叶片随边的距离%38.5844.2548.3250.8051.1550.2648.3140.5325.1313.550.00实际距离（mm）645.74740.64808.76850.27856.13841.23808.595678.37420.62226.790.00叶片宽度%66.5477.7087.0894.3499.11100.0099.6492.9273.6255.620.00实际距离（mm）1113.721300.511457.511579.021658.861673.761667.731555.251232.22930.940.00导边到最厚点的距离以叶片宽度%32.0032.0032.0032.5034.9037.9040.2045.5048.9050.000.00实际距离（mm）356.39416.16466.40513.18578.94634.35670.43707.64602.56465.470.00叶片厚度用D的%表达4.063.593.122.652.181.901.711.240.770.540.30实际距离（mm）232.89206.23179.57152.91126.25110.2599.5872.9246.2632.9319.60做图附表二：MAU型叶切面尺寸表说明：X坐标以叶宽的%表达；Y坐标以Y最大的%表达；下方为实际尺寸，单位mm。r/R 0.2X0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 30.00 32.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 022.2744.5566.82111.37167.06222.74334.12356.39445.49556.86668.23779.60890.981002.351058.031113.72Y035.00 51.85 59.75 66.15 76.05 85.25 92.20 99.80 100.00 97.75 89.95 78.15 63.15 45.25 25.30 15.00 4.50 81.51120.75139.15154.06177.11198.54214.92232.42232.89227.65209.48182.00147.07105.3858.9234.9310.48Yu35.0024.25 19.05 15.00 10.00 5.40 2.35 0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.0081.5156.4844.3734.7323.2912.585.470.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00r/R 0.3X0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 30.00 32.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 0.0026.0152.0278.03130.05195.08260.10390.15416.16520.20650.26780.31910.361040.411170.461235.481300.51Y035.00 51.85 59.75 66.15 76.05 85.25 92.20 99.80 100.00 97.75 89.95 78.15 63.15 45.25 25.30 15.00 4.50 72.18106.93123.22136.42156.84175.81190.14205.82206.23201.59185.50161.17130.2393.3252.1830.939.28Yu35.0024.25 19.05 15.00 10.00 5.40 2.35 0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.0072.1850.0139.2930.9320.6211.144.850.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00r/R 0.4X0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 30.00 32.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 0.0029.1558.3087.45145.75218.63291.50437.25466.40583.00728.76874.511020.261166.011311.761384.631457.51Y035.00 51.85 59.75 66.15 76.05 85.25 92.20 99.80 100.00 97.75 89.95 78.15 63.15 45.25 25.30 15.00 4.50 62.8593.11107.29118.79136.56153.08165.56179.21179.57175.53161.52140.33113.4081.2645.4326.948.08Yu35.0024.25 19.05 15.00 10.00 5.40 2.35 0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.0062.8543.5534.2126.9417.969.704.220.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00r/R 0.5X0.00 2.03 4.06 6.09 10.16 15.23 20.31 30.47 32.50 40.44 50.37 60.29 70.22 80.15 90.07 95.04 100.00 0.0032.0564.1196.16160.43240.48320.70481.13513.18638.56795.35951.991108.791265.581422.221500.701579.02Y035.00 51.85 59.75 66.15 76.05 85.25 92.20 99.80 100.00 97.75 89.95 78.15 63.15 45.25 25.30 15.00 4.50 53.5279.2891.36101.15116.29130.36140.98152.60152.91149.47137.54119.5096.5669.1938.6922.946.88Yu35.0024.25 19.05 15.00 10.00 5.40 2.35 0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.0053.5239.0829.1322.9415.298.263.590.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00r/R 0.6X0.00 2.18 4.36 6.54 10.91 16.36 21.81 32.72 34.90 42.56 52.13 61.76 71.28 80.85 90.43 95.21 100.00 0.0036.16