2021年江西省吉安市金田中学高三英语测试题含解析.docx

2021年江西省吉安市金田中学高三英语测试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. Famous physicists from all over the world came to the US to ______the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein’s birth.
A. congratulate  B. celebrate  C. applaud    D.participate
参考答案：
B
略
2. Her clear and elegant prose ______ her _______ from most other journalists.
A. sets … aside     B. sets … down     C. sets … apart     D. sets … up
参考答案：
C
3. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others，       ，of course，made the others jealous．
A．who     B．that      C．which       D．what
参考答案：
C
4. He is taking pains to reach the goal set by his parents because he wants to        their expectations.
       A．come up with      B．look up to            C．count on             D．live up to
参考答案：
D
5. How many tests will Americans have to pass_______________they get their driving licenses?
A．until    B．if    C．as   D．before
参考答案：
D
6. The news came as no surprise to me. I ______ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.
A. knew                                         B. had known                        C. have known                 D. know
参考答案：
B
7. Let your child learn to be independent, for ______ he will leave home to lead his own life as a fully independent adult.
A. thankfully B. alternatively C. definitely D. eventually
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：让你的孩子学会独立，因为他最终会离开家，作为一个完全独立的成年人过自己的生活。A. thankfully感谢地；B. alternatively或者；二者择一地；C. definitely当然；明确地；D. eventually最终。依据句意可知，孩子最终会离家独立生活。故选D。
8. - Sorry, I have to _________ now. It’s time for class.
- OK, I’ll call back later.
A. break up B. hang up C. give up D. hold up
参考答案：
B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——对不起，我现在得挂电话了。上课时间到了。——好的，我稍后再打来。A. break up打碎；B. hang up挂断；C. give up放弃；D. hold up举起，阻挡。根据后文call可知是在打电话，再根据It’s time for class.可知是上课了要挂断电话了。故选B。
9. _____ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.
A. Having been told          B. Though told   C. He was told             D. Having told
参考答案：
C
10. Do you consider it any good _____ psychology?
A. to learn B. to have learned C. learning D. having learned
参考答案：
C
11. It is a common practice in China that the bride at the weeding ________ be dressed in red to ensure good luck.
  A. can                     B. may                        C. must                       D. would
参考答案：
C
12. Nowadays, few people form the habit of keeping a supply of candles in the house in case of power            .
       A．drop                   B．failure                 C．lack                    D．absence
参考答案：
B
13. Either you or one of your students ________ to attend the meeting ________ tomorrow.
A．are; to be held   B．is; being held  
C．is; to be held   D．are; having held   
参考答案：
C
14. It’s neither aliens nor a rare disease       will threaten the human race in the future, but climate change.
A. whether  B. which     C. what         D. that
参考答案：
D
试题分析：考查强调句式。句意：既不是外星人也不是罕见的疾病在未来威胁人类，而是气候的变化。本句是强调句型，故选D
【名师点睛】
强调句型的用法
1.在英语中，我们常用It is/was… who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语)。在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，则一律用that来连接。It is my mother who/that cooks every day.是我的妈妈每天做饭；It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam.是昨天汤姆通过了数学考试。
2.被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who。lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.
3.区分定语从句和强调句型某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is/was ...that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study去掉It was that句子为Three years ago he went to America for a further study.句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型。
15.  I’m sure that your letter will get _____ attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply.
   A. continued     B. immediate       C. careful       D. general 
参考答案：
B
解析：考查形容词的用法。通过句子意思很容易得出答案。他们知道你在等着答案，所以我肯定你的信会得到立即的（immediate）回复。
16. That knife's extremely sharp!_____ you don't cut yourself．（　　）
A．Mind B．Minding C．To mind D．Minded
参考答案：
A
空前为一个感叹句，故_____ you don't cut yourself应为一个完整句子，故选A．
17. There is a great deal of evidence     that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate  B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating

参考答案：
B。
解析：考查非谓语的用法。evidence与indicate之间是主动的关系，所以用现在分词作定语，可以恢复为which indicates
18. —Could you stay for lunch?
         —Sorry, I _____．I have a meeting soon．
         A．won't                 B．shan't                       C．can't              D．shouldn't
参考答案：
C
二、 短文改错
19. 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（︿），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（  ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
During the weekend I traveled by air the first time in my life. I generally travel by train and bus. It is both cheaper and safe. But this was a short journey. In the beginning I did not feel very happily, but this feeling did not last longer. The journey was very exciting. I was soon high up in the sky among the cloud. The views of mountains, fields and rivers were interested. I enjoy my short and comfortable journey very much. This experience has shown that traveling in air is actually the safest way of make journeys.  
参考答案：
1.在the first time 前加for  2. and →or    3. safe→safer 4. happily→happy 5. longer→long    6.cloud→clouds  7.interested →interesting  8.enjoy→enjoyed 9. in→by 10. make→ making
20. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
       增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)， 并在其下面写出该加的词。
       删除： 把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限1词；
       2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Zhang Xiaowen, who is sixteen, a middle school student in Northern China. She is one of the

best student in her class and she was won an award for young scientists last year. When sitting in

the classroom she looks just like all her classmates and after class her life is obvious different. She

was born without the ability to use her legs and she has no feeling below the waist. She had to

use a wheelchair to get around and it often takes her a little long to do everyday things, such as

getting out of bed, getting dressing and going to the school. So far she has created many

programs and one of which received an award at her province’s science fair.
参考答案：
第一行.a middle school student 前加is
第二行. student—students   第二行.去掉was
第三行.and—but          第三行.obvious—obviously
第四行.had—has
第五行.long—longer
第六行.dressing – dressed   第六行.去掉 the
第七行.which 改 them
三、 阅读理解
21. 阅读下列短文，从每题所绘的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
（YOU MAY READ THE QUESTIONS FIRST）
SCREENGRABS

BBC1
PLANET EARTH     
9AM
Fresh Water provides an expensive subject
for the third programme in the BBC's
fascinating new natural-history series.
Broadly, we investigate the world’s lakes and
rivers and the creatures which inhabit them,
Thus we visit the deepest lake on the planet,
Lake Baikal in Siberia. We observe large
colonies of Indian smooth-coated otters
(above) looking around, A magical series
which give us a real sense of context in
relation to the planet we inhabit.
BBC2
FAMILY GUY
11.45PM
Road  to Europe.  without proper
identification, Brain and Stewie stow away
on a plane they think is leaving for England.
They're wrong, and soon they 're in Saudi

Arabia (Brain: "Oh my God, we are finished.
 We are lost in the desert.") at a beginning of a long trip  home.

ITV1
AGATHA CHRISTIE'S POIRO
9AM ,
Cards on the Table. Tonight's mystery concerns
the death of one of the richest and most
mysterious 'men, Mr Shaitana(Alexander
Siddig ) who has a fascination with crime.
Shaitana hosts dinner and a game of bridge in
his apartment, but when the time comes the first guests to take their leave, they discover that their host has been stabbed through his heart,
Channel 4
THE GAMES: LIVE
9PM .
 For the first time on Games, the men fight in a Kendo Tournament, using l.2m shmai (Bamboo swords). The woman compete in the cycling,racing wheel-to wheel on competition bikes with no brakes, Plus other news the English Institute of sports in Sheffield.

60. The Fresh Water series at 9 AM____.
A. explores the lakes, rivers and the creatures in them
B.is devoted to the freshwater creatures in the world
C. explains the relationship among inhabitants on the earth
D. focuses on the deepest river on the planet
61. The phrase “stow away" most probably means    ．
A. hide secretly     B. talk excitedly
C. operate easily    D. guide successfully
62. A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christie's novel will be shown on
A. BBCl    B. BBC2     C. ITVl    D. Channel 4
参考答案：
AAC
22. Saying ''I'm sorry when you've hurt someone can be a hard thing to do. We’re stubborn creatures, after all, and don’t love dealing with it when we’re wrong. But apologizing, and meaning it, is an important part of the forgiveness process.
Michael McCullough made a research and found that the most sincere, forgiveness-inducing apolog.es include saying “I’m sorry”, offering to make up for the wrongdoing in some way, and taking responsibility. And the reason why they work so well is largely based on principles of evolution, the apologies make the transgressor(犯错的人} seem more valuable as a relationship partner, and also help the victim fed less at risk of getting hurt again.
One basic scientific implication of the results is that the human psychology of conflict resolution is unusually similar to that of animals which live in groups. “Many group-living animals, particularly mammals, seem to use peace making gestures' as signals of their desire to end conflict and restore cooperative relationships with other individuals after aggressive conflict has occurred,” McCullough said. “We seem to reach a common view on this point.”
“I would say that empathy(情感共鸣）is a part of good mental health, and that could be a part of the natural selection process, too,'' Bethany Marshall says. “Humans with empathy tend to be healthier and make better choices in life, while those who are aggressive don’t tend to do as well.”
, And having empathy when you've hurt someone, she says, is the best way to apologize.” The most important thing is that you feel the other person's pain,'' she explains. “So instead of using logic to explain or defend, look inward to identify why you did the bad thing. Then convey that to them and say that you would like to make it better. That counts.”
You can make it even better by making sure to act differently the next time around——what the study authors referred to as “compensation”（补偿).But what tends to happen often, says Marshall, is that people get defensive about what they've done, or even mad at the person they've wronged. So watch your response, because the worst apology, she adds, “is one where the victim is blamed.''
12. In the experiment, McCullough find that    _    ?
A. animals are more cooperative with other individuals
B. humans' psychology is very close to animals’ when dealing with conflicts
C. aggressive conflicts aren't easy to end among animals
D. signal gestures may help end conflicts
13. According to Marshall, people with empathy tend to _    ?
A. defend themselves for what they have done
B. try to explain why they do something logically
C. find fault with themselves seriously
D. show aggressive behaviors in life
14. To make up for the wrongdoing, you need to    ?
A. convey the bad things to others
B. experience the other person’s pain
C. be careful of your response
D. promise to behave yourself well next time
15. What is the author's purpose of the passage?
A. To present the reasons why apologizing in the right way matters
B. To show the ways how you accept apologizing of others
C. To tell the occasion when it is suitable to apologize
D. To explain the words that you use for an apology
参考答案：
12. B    13. C    14. D    15. A
向人道歉是一件不容易的事，本文的目的是在说“提出正确道歉的理由”。
12. B
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句One basic scientific implication of the results is that the human psychology of conflict resolution is unusually similar to that of animals which live in groups.可知在处理冲突时，人类的心理非常接近动物。故选B。
13. C
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Humans with empathy tend to be healthier and make better choices in life, while those who are aggressive don’t tend to do as well.”可知有情感共鸣的人往往会对自己吹毛求疵。故选C。
14. D
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句You can make it even better by making sure to act differently the next time around——what the study authors referred to as “compensation”可知为了弥补自己的过失，许诺在下一次要表现得好。故选D。
15. A
目的意图题。根据第一段最后一句apologizing, and meaning it, is an important part of the forgiveness process.和第二段第一句Michael McCullough made a research and found that the most sincere, forgiveness-inducing apolog.es include saying “I’m sorry”, offering to make up for the wrongdoing in some way, and taking responsibility.可知，本文的目的是在说“提出正确道歉的理由”。故选A。
【名师点睛】
事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。比如本题第1小题，根据第三段第一句One basic scientific implication of the results is that the human psychology of conflict resolution is unusually similar to that of animals which live in groups.可知在处理冲突时，人类的心理非常接近动物。故选B。