2022年山东省青岛市黄岛区第十中学高二英语期末试题含解析.docx

2022年山东省青岛市黄岛区第十中学高二英语期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. —The room is so dirty, _____ we clean it?
—Of course.
A. will                B. shall              C. would           D. do
参考答案：
B
略
2. He has been _______ for three weeks. We’d better find another person to fill his place.
A. absent            B. left                C. gone         D. resigned
参考答案：
A
3. Not until he took off his sunglasses _______ him.
A. I recognized    B. I did recognize C. did I recognize D. do I recognize
参考答案：
C
试题分析：考查倒装结构。. Not until放在句首要部分倒装，根据前面动词时态为过去式，所以选C.
句意：直到他摘下眼镜我才认出了他。
考点：考查倒装结构]
【解析】
4. ---Will you keep her company?
---       .
A. Not unless she wants me to    B. Unless she wants me to
C. Not unless she wants me to keep    D. Unless she wants me to keep
参考答案：
A
考查状语从句的省略。上句：你将陪伴她吗？下句：我不会陪伴她的，除非他想让我陪伴。此处是unless引导的条件状语从句主句的省略，故选A。
5. When he saw the front cars ________ in the traffic jam, he decided to make a detour (绕路).
A. caught    B. to be caught
C. be caught    D. to catch
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：当他看到前面的汽车陷入交通堵塞时，他决定绕道而行。固定结构：see+宾语+过去分词，此处是过去分词作宾语补足语，故选A。
6. The areas of the brain ________ controlling hearing could be _________ miniature film studios.
   A. relating to, comparing with          B. related to, comparing with
   C. relating with, compared to           D, related to, compared to
参考答案：
D
7. There ____ .
A. come they               B. they come 
C. they are come          D. they will come 
参考答案：
B
8.  The settlers crossed the strait to America ___a land bridge that existed in ancient time.
A. in terms of         B. in honor of
C. in preparation for    D. by means of
参考答案：
D
9. It took them about one month to________ how to start the equipment.
A. come out B. figure out
C. look out D. take out
参考答案：
B
【详解】考查动词词组。句意：他们花了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动设备。A. come out出现，出版；B. figure out明白，理解；C. look out注意，当心；D. take out取出。故选B。
10. Jane has been so _____ in getting used to everything that she hasn’t had time for social activities.
A. confused         B. worried             C. devoted               D. occupied
参考答案：
D
略
11. He    of learning English，as a result he failed the English examination last week.
   A. gets rid                                           B. gets tired          
   C. is fond                                           D. gets bad
参考答案：
B
12. George is going to talk about the  geography of the country, but I’d rather he _____ more on its culture.
A. focus                     B. focused                           C. would focus           D. had focused
参考答案：
B
13.  ____ the end of the performance did the audience get the chance to take photos with the respectable actor.
A. At         B. By          C. Up to        D. Not until
参考答案：
D
14. Will you________me a favour and carry this box？It’s too heavy for me.
A．give                   B．make
C．do                    D．bring
参考答案：
C
15. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was much too heavy ______ all the way home.
A. carrying         B. to be carried     C. to have carried   D. to carry
参考答案：
D
16. Helping others is a habit, ______ you can learn even at an early age.
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. one
参考答案：
D
略
17. Something unexpected happened, but _______ it was a pleasant journey.
A. in detail      B. on average   C. to a degree    D. on the whole
参考答案：
D
18. Most of the people _______ to the party were famous scientists.
 A. invited    B. to invite    C. being invited    D. inviting
参考答案：
A
二、 短文改错
19. Miss Zhang is one of my most favorite teachers. She has a slim build and always ties his hair in a ponytail. She is 35, but she looks quite young at her age. Which impresses me most is Miss Zhang's way of teaching. She devotes herself to teach and prepares well for every class. Not only did she help us to understand “what", but she explores “why". She encourages us to think independent and have discussions among ourselves when we faced with problems. She is such a inspiring person with a strong sense of responsibilities, and we all respect and admire her.
参考答案：
Miss Zhang is one of my most favorite teachers. She has a slim build and always ties his hair in
                        去掉                                            her
a ponytail. She is 35, but she looks quite young at her age. Which impresses me most is Miss
                                      for         What
Zhang's way of teaching. She devotes herself to teach and prepares well for every class. Not only did
                                     teaching                               does
she help us to understand “what", but she explores “why". She encourages us to think independent
                                                                 independently
and have discussions among ourselves when we ∧faced with problems. She is such a inspiring
                                       are                          an
person with a strong sense of responsibilities, and we all respect and admire her.
responsibility
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者介绍自己最喜欢的老师Miss Zhang。
【详解】1.考查最高级的用法。此处favorite“最喜欢”，本身就有“最”的意思是，所以前面不用在家most，故把most去掉。
2.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她身材苗条，总是把头发扎成马尾辫。此处指Miss Zhang，故把his-her。
3.考查介词。句意：她35岁了，但就她的年龄来说，她看起来很年轻。此处是“对她这个年龄来说”，故把at- for。
4.考查主语从句。句意：给我印象最深的是张老师的教学方法。此处是主语从句作主语，从句缺少主语，不是指人，所以只有what才其双重作用，故把which改成what。
5.考查固定搭配。句意：她致力于教学，每节课都做了充分的准备。固定搭配：devote---to---“致力于---”，此处to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语，故把teach-teaching。
6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她不仅帮助我们理解“什么”，而且探索“为什么”。纵观全文，整篇文章用的是一般现在时态，且该句主语是单数第三人称，故把did- does。
7.考查词形转换。句意：她鼓励我们独立思考，当我们面临问题的时候，我们自己进行讨论。此处think是动词，用副词来修饰，故把independent- independently。
8.考查固定搭配。句意：她鼓励我们独立思考，当我们面临问题的时候，我们自己进行讨论。固定搭配：be faced with“面临着---”，且when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时态，主语是we，复数形式，故在faced前加are。
9.考查不定冠词。此处inspiring是以元音音素开头，用an表示“一”，故把a- an。
10.考查不可数名词。a strong sense of“一种强烈的---感”，介词后面用名词，此处responsibility“责任”，是不可数名词，故把responsibilities- responsibility。
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Here is my idea about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. If you tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always good listener when you need one. After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too. What’s more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.
参考答案：
Here is my idea about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share
                      what
your secrets ∧ . If you tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody else.
          with                               talk
Besides, a friend is always ∧ good listener when you need one. After hear your sad stories,
                      a                                  hearing
he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too.
                      are                                      happy
What’s more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give
                                          去掉
you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every
        advice
minute that you spent with them.
             spend

4.在always之后加a   listener是可数名词，且是泛指，故在always之后加a。
5.hear→hearing        after是介词，后接名词或动词-ing形式，故把hear→hearing。
6.is→ are     that代指先行词words，所以谓语动词要用复数。故把is→ are。
7.happily→ happy    形容词作宾语补足语。故把happily→ happy。
8.去掉to     which you need作定语，意为：提供你所需的帮助。故去掉to。
9.advices→advice   advice是不可数名词。故把advices→advice。
10.spent→ spend    前后时态须一致。可知此处用一般现在时态，故把spent→ spend。
【学法指导】
短文改错口诀： 动词形，名词数; 注意形和副; 非谓动词细辨别; 习惯用法要记住; 句子成分多分析;  逻辑错误须关注。
一. 动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：
My favorite sport are football. (is)；Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)
上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。10.spent→ spend    前后时态须一致。可知此处用一般现在时态，故把spent→ spend。
二. 名词数：指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。
例如：…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects) 9.advices→advice   advice是不可数名词。故把advices→advice。
三. 区分形和副：即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。
例如 I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)；Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。7.happily→ happy    形容词作宾语补足语。故把happily→ happy。
三、 阅读理解
21. Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.                       
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺).Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live,but there’s a lot we can do to lower the amount.
You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher (洗碗机) only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.
25.Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?
A.Using river water.
B.Throwing batteries away.
C.Paving parking lots.
D.Throwing rubbish into lakes.
26.What can be inferred from the text?
A.All water shortages are due to human behavior.
B.It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.
C.There is much we can do to reduce family size.
D.The average family in America makes proper use of water.
27.The last paragraph is intended to 　　　. 
A.show us how to fix leaks at home
B.tell us how to run a dishwasher
C.prove what drinking glass is best for us
D.suggest what we do to save water at home
28.The text is mainly about 　　　. 
A.why paving roads reduces our water
B.how much we depend on water to live
C.why droughts occur more in dry climates
D.how human activity affects our water supply
参考答案：
CBDD
25.C  细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句可知:我们修的路和停车场越多,流入地下的水就会越少。故选C项(铺砌停车场)。
26.B 推理判断题。第三段的第二句提到了一个美国的四口之家一天就用1.5吨水;最后一句又提到“我们可以做很多事来减少用水量”,从这里可以推断出B项正确。而D项(美国家庭会合理利用水);C项中的family size指的是家庭规模,即人口的多少,不是用水量。A项中的all太绝对了。故排除A、C和D项。
27.D 目的意图题。最后一段的第一句是作者表达的意图——在家里你可以采取措施节约用水。故选D项。
28. D主旨大意题。第一段的第一句就是主题所在:用水过多或者把垃圾扔进河里,就是这样的人类行为让我们的水资源处于匮乏之中,但是也有一些不太明显的方式影响到我们的用水供应。后面的篇幅主要围绕人类如何影响水资源展开的。故选D项。
22. Rapid advances in a new technology will soon transform science fiction into reality –– meaning people will have driverless cars, small robots at their command and the ability to experience being in another place without leaving home, predicted Google executive chairman Eric Schmidt at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, the planet’s largest cell phone trade show.
Introduction of books available online, Internet translation of languages and voice recognition for computers all happened much faster than anyone could foresee and that technological research into even more previously unheard of advances is progressing at a fast speed.
“People who predict that holograms（全息图）and self-driving cars will become reality soon are ly right,” Schmidt told thousands of attendees. Research under way will lead to situations where people can put themselves at events like a rock concert so that they can see, hear and even feel the event. And turn down the volume, if it’s too loud.
One attendee said she was scared that the possibility could be dehumanizing, but Schmidt replied by holding up his cell phone into the air. “It has an off button and it is here on the right,” Schmidt said. “My point is that it is all about your control. If you don’t like my version of a rock concert, I’m not forcing you to go.” In the future, small robots could be used so busy people can send them to events for video and voice transmissions when their presence isn’t required, Schmidt said.
Technology in the near future will redefine the relationship among people in the world. “With technology comes power and with power comes choice, and smarter resourceful citizens are going to demand a better deal for their new life,” Schmidt said.
8. From the passage, the new technology _________.
A. largely depends on science fiction
B. will eventually replace humans’ presence
C. amazingly improves people’s social skills
D. can unexpectedly bring new various choices
9. Why did Schmidt give the example in Paragraph 4?
A. To list advantages of the new cell phone.
B. To advise a wider use of the new cell phone.
C. To remove people’s worry of the new technology.
D. To compare the benefits of using the new technology.
10. What’s the writer’s attitude toward rapid advances in technology?
A. Objective.    B. Negative.    C. Uncared.    D. Contradictory.
参考答案：
8. D    9. C    10. A
新技术方面的快速发展很快将科幻变成现实。比如会出现无人驾驶的汽车，由人操纵的智能机器人，不出门就能知晓大事件。但这不会让人害怕，因为这一切都由你控制。
8. D
细节理解题。文章最后一段中的Technology in the near future will redefine the relationship among people in the world. “With technology comes power and with power comes choice, and smart r resourceful citizens are going to demand a better deal for their new life,” Schmidt said.由此可判断会带来更多的新的选择。故选D项。
9. C
细节理解题。第四段第一句“One attendee said she was scared that the possibility could be dehumanizing, but Schmidt replied by holding up his cell phone into the air.” 一位与会者表示，她很害怕，这种可能是非人性的，但施密特回答说，可通过按钮来控制。由此可见是用举例来消除人们对新科技和担忧。故选C项
10. A
通读全文可知，作者在文中只是客观地描述，未加个人的议论，所以是客观的。故选A.