上海崇明县新民中学2021年高二英语期末试卷含解析.docx

上海崇明县新民中学2021年高二英语期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. The sofa used to ____ a bed when a came to stay with us.
  A. use for    B. make into     C. serve as     D. stand for
参考答案：
C
2. You     things about. Look, what a mess in your room!
A. always throw B. have always thrown
C. are always throwing D. have always been throwing
参考答案：
C
3. The class __________ 80 students is hard to manage.
   A. consisting of             B. consists of              C. making up of     D. made up
参考答案：
A
略
4. It was not until after careful modification, although ready for release months ago, ______ the film Personal Tailor was opened to the general public on December 19, 2013.
A. which   B. that          C. when    D. where
参考答案：
B
5. After the wonderful party, I think an expression of thanks to our host would be ________.
A. in particular    B. in place     C. in general    D. in short
参考答案：
b
略
6. Don’t _________that our parents should do everything for us.
   A. take for granted           B. take it for granted
   C. take as granted            D. take this for granted
参考答案：
B
考查固定搭配。句意：不要想当然的认为父母应该为我们做一切事情。take it for granted that“认为…是理所当然的”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。故选B。
7.  It was ________ my father worked _______I work now. 
A.where; that      B.where; when    C.which；that       D. when; which
参考答案：
A
8. ---I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
---It was in his office ____ he worked.
A. where B. which C. that D. the one
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——我无法找到史密斯先生，今天早上你在哪里见过他？——在他工作的办公室里。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为his office，从句中缺少地点状语，故A项正确。
【点睛】本题很多同学会认为是强调句型为误选that，但去掉It was和空处后，句子结构和逻辑不对，因此本句不是强调句型，而是定语从句，先行词为his office，从句中缺少地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where。
9. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.
A. process                               B. attention                C.measure           D. part
参考答案：
D
10. All the students were ______ by the ______ words written on the blackboard.
A. confusing; confusing     B. confused; confused  
C. confused; confusing      D. confusing；confused
参考答案：
C
11. --There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow _____?
--I’d rather buy _____ in the book store.
A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it it
参考答案：
A
考查代词。第一个空所填词与前文的a copy of the book指同一物,用it;第二个空所填词表"其中的一个(同类而不同物)",用one,选A项。
12. May I sit in the chair near the window?
   ____________. The paint on it is still wet.
   A. By no means    B. Help yourself   C. It depends   D. Never mind
参考答案：
A
13. The are against the proposal, for it _________ too much farmland.
A.      puts up       B. takes up          C. gives up        D. makes up
参考答案：
B
14. Wang Meng has made five American friends, _______ live in New York.
A. two of them   B. two of which     C. two of whose      D. of whom two
参考答案：
D
15. We shouldn't take _____ for granted that we still have a lot of time before the Entrance Examination.
A. this    B. that
C. it    D. such
参考答案：
C
考察it作为形式宾语。It是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that we still have a lot of time before the Entrance Examination. take sth for granted认为…理所当然；
16. ---What do you think of the NBA basketball match last night ?
  ----It was ______. I really enjoyed it.
 A. boring          B. wonderful       C. strange         D. terrible
参考答案：
B
17. The man tried to break into the shop during the night, but got ________ in the chimney.
A. stuck             B. to be stuck    C. sticking                  D. to stick
参考答案：
A
18. Children _______ good or bad habits by watching what their parents do in daily life.  
A. turn up       B. take up       C. make up       D. pick up
参考答案：
D
二、 短文改错
19. Locating in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.
参考答案：
 locating →located
20.     假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
   增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
    删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
    修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
    注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
          2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
At first I was not quite willing to sit down and watched the 90-minute football match. Usually I
just checked the results because I thought that was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball each other. Therefore, my father loves football. During the World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport. Seeing his strong interest in this game of 22 men run after a ball, I decided to sit down to watch the game. I found the game excited, and my dad explained for the rules. We shared our joys. Football is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!
参考答案：
At first I was not quite willing to sit down and watched the 90-minute football match. Usually I
                                          watch                 
just checked the results because I thought that was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a
                                    it                                              
ball ∧each other. Therefore, my father loves football. During the World Cup in 2002, my dad stays
   to          However                                    stayed                    
up late just to watch his favorite sport. Seeing his strong interest in this game of 22 men run after a
                                                                      running       
ball, I decided to sit down to watch the game. I found the game excited, and my dad explained for
                                                     exciting                 for          
the rules. We shared our joys. Football is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!
                    joy                  bad
三、 阅读理解
21. The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tillman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized, population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt(采纳) what has been called the Western diet.
The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes（糖尿病）and heart disease.
Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20-year period. And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.
And, a diet bad for human beings, is also bad for the environment. As the world's population grows, more forests and tropical（热带的）areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.
Mr. Tillman calls the link between diet, the environment and human health, "a trilemma": a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible settlement is leaving the Western diet behind.
28. According to the passage, more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from ____________.
A. transportation   B. developing countries    C. agriculture    D. developed countries
29. David Tilman believes that__________.
A. diet, the environment and human health are closely connected
B. the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes
C. people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease
D. traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet
30. We can infer from the passage that ___________.
A. Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases
B. overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases
C. the examined information comes from developing countries
D. industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet
31. The main purpose of the passage is to___________.
A. call on us to protect the environment B. warn us of the danger of the Western diet
C. remind us of the importance of health   D. advise us to have a balanced diet
参考答案：
CADB
22. Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
1. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?
A. Go shopping    B. Find a house
C. Join his family    D. Take his family
2. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______.
A. a friend of his family    B. a Sydney policeman
C. a letter in his papers    D. a stranger in Sydney
3. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?[
A. Showed    B. Sent out
C. Delivered    D. Gave back
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. From India to Australia.    B. Living in a New Country.
C. Turning Trash to Treasure.    D. In Search of New Friends.
参考答案：
1. B    2. C    3. D    4. C
试题分析：文中作者讲述了她们一家经历的一件事情。作者的丈夫不慎丢失了文件包，正当着急的时候，有人打电话给送了回来，原来是那家人发现他们家的小孩在垃圾桶旁边发现了这些文件，然后给送还了回来，通过这件事作者一家又找回了对人的信任。
1. B 细节理解题。根据文章首段Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a short time while looking for a house可知，Rashid到了悉尼后，在旅馆待了很短一段时间就出去给家人找房子了。故选B。
2. C 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.可知，陌生人一家是通过作者丈夫文件中的一封信里的内容得知他的电话号码的，故答案选C。
3. D 猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.可知，那家人把捡到的文件送还给作者的丈夫，应该是“归还”文件，由此判断该词意思是“归还”。故选D。
4. C 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者的丈夫丢失的物品被扔到了垃圾箱，但是有一个好心的家庭却把那些文件等整理好送还给作者的丈夫，这些别人眼里的垃圾对作者的丈夫来说非常重要，由此判断C选项内容更能体现文章中心。故选C。
【名师点睛】
科普类文章是高考英语的常考题材，这类文章的总体特点是：科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。具体说来它有以下几个特点：1. 文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出现文学英语中采用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法，一词多义的现象也不多见。2. 句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。3. 常使用被动语态，尤其是一些惯用被动句式。
三、命题特点科普类阅读的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概括题等，其中推理判断题居多。
四、应对策略1. 要想做好科普英语阅读理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。2. 要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Headlines)，导语(Introductions)，背景( Background)，主体(Main body)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考真题情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述。这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。3. 在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。