上海阜康中学2022年高三英语测试题含解析.docx

上海阜康中学2022年高三英语测试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. ______ you are supposed to do ______ you don't like a thing is ______ it. Don't
complain.
A. That; what; change               B. When; that; to change
C. What; when; change               D. What; that; changing
参考答案：
C
试题分析：句意：当你不喜欢一个东西的是时候，你应该做的是改变它。不要抱怨。第一空填what连接主语从句，在主语从句中what做宾语，第二空填when，引导时间状语从句，第三空是省略to的不定式做表语，因为前面主句有do。所以选C。
2. —Mom, do you still remember your _________ that you will take me to Qingdao this summer vacation?
    —Of course I do, but you must pass the entrance examination.
    A. advice              B. idea            C. hope               D. promise
参考答案：
D
略
3. It was when searching for the lost book whose cover was missing        a secret letter addressed to his mother．
    A．did he find    B．until he found  C．that he found D．had he found
参考答案：
C
4. “When he _____ is not known yet.” “But when he ____, he will be warmly welcomed.”
A. comes, comes         B. will come, will come
C. comes, will come      D. will come, comes
参考答案：
D
5. I didn’t go to the opera because the ticket was ________ expensive for me.
A. very much                 B. so much             C. far too                    D. a lot of
参考答案：
C
6. —What shall we do tonight then? 
—______—whatever you want.
A. Help yourself B. It’s a deal C. No problem D. It’s up to you
参考答案：
D
7. _____in the sports world，a sportsman needs to train constantly to keep himself in best condition．
A．Survive     B．Surviving
C．To survive   D．Survived
参考答案：
C
考点：不定式
试题解析：为了在体育世界生存，一个运动员需要持续训练，以使自己保持在最好的状态。此处为不定式做目的状语，故选C
8. Finally, we didn’t reach an agreement. Some agreed on the point while I was one of _________ opposed to it.
A. those who    B. those         C. who       D. that
参考答案：
B
9.        by a greater demand for green products, the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.
A．Driven                       B．Being driven                C．To drive                    D．Having driven
参考答案：
A
10. When faced with life and death decisions,       a teacher can be expected to do is to protect students with his or her own life．
A．that    B．what    C．how   D．whether
参考答案：
B
11. The last few years _____ many disasters in and out of China, from earthquake to drought.
A．see                     B．are seeing            C．have seen             D．saw
参考答案：
C
略
12. Women’s earnings are well below men’s, ______ educational difference that are decreasing between the two sexes.
A.in favor of         B.in case of      C. in spite of      D. in terms of 
参考答案：
C
略
13. --- I’m not good at singing, you know.
   ---       . It’s just for fun.
  A. All right     B. No problem      C. Come on         D. Cheer up
参考答案：
C
14. -----Must I go there right now?  
  -----No, you _____. You ____go there before supper.
  A  mustn’t , need     B. needn’t, may    C. can’t ,need     D. won’t, can
参考答案：
B
15. He made up his mind to work harder ______________ catch up with the others in his class.
   A. so that      B. in order to     C. in order that    D. so as not to
参考答案：
B
16. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what              B. which
C. that              D. though
参考答案：
C
试题分析：本题考查间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。
17. When asked to explain _____ he did to make his students so fascinated with his lessons, the teacher paused and thought deeply.
A. what was it that    B. that what it was C. what it was that    D. what was it
参考答案：
C
18. It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.
    A．had made      B．would make            C．makes                D．make
参考答案：
D
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有十处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（／）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dream is a common word in our daily life. As we all know, people like to use it to express the strong desires they have for our future. Some young people dreamed of becoming scientists when others wish to become astronauts.
In my opinion, what matter most is that we should be responsible our society and its citizens. I want to be independent and have a strongly sense of responsibility. And also I want to be helpful to those in the trouble. Beside, I will learn modestly from those devoted themselves to our society. I do hope all of us can make every efforts to live our dreams.
参考答案：

【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。每个人都有梦想。我希望我们所有人都能尽一切努力来实现我们的梦想。在我看来，最重要的是我们应该对我们的社会和公民负责。
【详解】1.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：众所周知，人们喜欢用它来表达他们对未来的强烈愿望。故把our改成their。
2.考查时态。句意：一些年轻人梦想成为科学家，而另一些人则希望成为宇航员。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，故把dreamed改成dream。
3.考查并列连词。句意：一些年轻人梦想成为科学家，而另一些人则希望成为宇航员。此处while“然而”，前后形成鲜明对比，故把when改成while。
4.考查主谓一致。句意：在我看来，最重要的是我们应该对我们的社会和公民负责。此处是what引导的主语从句，句子用一般现在时态，what是句子主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故把matter改成matters。
5.固定词组。be responsible for对---负责，故在responsible后面加for。
6.考查形容词。此处sense是名词，形容词修饰名词，故把strongly改成strong。
7.考查固定搭配。in trouble处于困境中，故把in the trouble中的the去掉。
8.考查副词。句意：此外，我将向那些致力于我们社会的人虚心学习。结合句意前后是一种递进关系，故把Beside改成Besides（另外）。
9.考查现在分词。句意：此外，我将向那些致力于我们社会的人虚心学习。此处those和devote之间是主动关系，是现在分词做后置定语，故把devoted改成devoting。
10.考查固定搭配。句意：我希望我们所有人都能尽一切努力来实现我们的梦想。固定搭配：make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力地去做某事，故把efforts改成effort。
【点睛】while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义：
1. 意为“当……时候,和……同时”,引导时间状语从句.例如：
While I was watching TV, the bell rang. （我看电视时,铃响了.）
2. 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句.例如：
While it was late, he went on working. （虽然很晚了,但他还在继续工作.）
3. 连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系.例如： He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home.
（他出去散步了,而我却呆在家里.）
while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点：
1. while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末；而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末.另外,也可以从意义上加以区分.例如： While he was tired, he went on working.
（虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作.） （ while 引导让步状语从句）
2. while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略.例如： While he was ill, he went there. （= While ill, he went there.） （虽然他有病,但他还是去那里了.）
3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意： while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词；而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词.当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when 可以互相替换.例如：While we were talking, the teacher came in. （我们正在谈话时,老师进来了.）
4. while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”.例如：
While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening. （老师讲课时,学生们在听.）
20. 短文改错 (共10小题；每题1分，第2节  满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
      2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Mary,
I receive your E-mail just now. Don’t worry about me. I’m getting on well my research
work in the lab. But to my great surprise you say you will give up learning English. The
reason is because you have not done well in it recently and you have lost interests.  I’m
afraid I can’t agree with you. I know it is difficult to learn English, but English is wide
used in the world today. It will be important tool in our future work. Beside, it is becoming more and more important in your daily life. If you study hard, you will succeed. Do remember that where there is a will and there is a way. I’m looking forward to hear good news from you.
参考答案：
1. receive改received       2. getting on well 后加 with   3. because 改that  
4)    interests改 interest   5. wide 改widely        6. be和 important中间加an    
7. Beside改Besides    8. your 改our      9. and去掉  10. hear改hearing

三、 阅读理解
21. In February,  FEDEX  launched  a  robot  capable  of  replacing  a pizza  delivery driver  by bringing food right to your door, which indicates more companies may soon automate (使自动化) not only processes, but full business lines.
These types of moves could be disastrous to work. Between 1987 and 2017, manufacturing output grew 80 percent, but the number of workers dropped dramatically. This hit cities hard, leading to shrinking populations and the wide difference between urban places we see now. Numerous studies show that automation isn’t equally affecting the workforce across all sectors. While it has negatively impacted a portion of the economy, it has helped to lift up other sectors, such as computer science and health care.
The real question is how you counteract inequality.
To start with, we should train people with the skills they need. To minimize job losses and embrace positive changes, we need to focus on the great value humans bring to the table. Jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active listening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much less likely to be automated.
We must make joint efforts to strengthen and fix the holes in the safety net. While the 2020 presidential candidates are starting a conversation about how to accomplish this, cities are already leading by experimenting with basic income, passing higher minimum wage laws, carrying out paid family leave and driving policy solutions that support workers and families.
In the end robots won’t take all the jobs, but they might take yours. What we do about it, though, is up to us.
8. What will possibly happen if companies use robots in full business lines?
A. There will be a sharp drop in manufacturing output.
B. There will be a shrink in population across China.
C. The negative impacts will outweigh the positive ones.
D. The workforce in various fields may be affected differently.
9. Which of the following is more likely to be automated?
A. Bringing dishes to the table in a restaurant.
B. Helping to manage one’s time efficiently.
C. Communicating effectively with co-workers.
D. Helping make the right judgement and decision.
10. How is Paragraph 5 developed?
A. By providing data. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparison. D. By analyzing.
11. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. It is up to us whatever we do with the robots.
B. It is up to us what jobs the robots will replace.
C. We need to adapt ourselves to the changes accordingly.
D. We have the confidence that robots will replace no jobs.
参考答案：
8. D    9. A    10. B    11. C
这是一篇说明文。自动化已经越来越普及，这意味着不久将有更多的公司不仅实现流程自动化，还能实现全业务范围的自动化。这对不同领域的劳动力会产生不同的影响。而面对这一情况，我们应该训练人们所需的技能。要想不被机器所取代，我们只有不断使自己适应相应的变化。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第二段倒数第二句Numerous studies show that automation isn’t equally affecting the workforce across all sectors.可知大量研究表明，自动化并不会对所有行业的劳动力产生同等的影响。即如果公司将机器人应用于所有业务领域，不同领域的劳动力可能受到不同的影响。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。第四段最后一句Jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active listening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much less likely to be automated.可知需要时间管理、积极倾听、合作、判断和决策等软技能的工作，以及接触广泛的行业的工作，自动化的可能性要小得多。故可排除B、C、D选项，故选A。
10题详解】
推理判断题。第五段第一句We must make joint efforts to strengthen and fix the holes in the safety net.指出我们必须共同努力，加强和修补安全网上的漏洞。接着下文提到了2020年的总统候选人和城市对解决这一问题所进行的种种努力，可知第五段运用了举例子的方法展开，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据上文In the end robots won’t take all the jobs, but they might take yours. 最后，机器人不会承担所有的工作，但它们可能会承担你的工作。再结合文章主要内容可知最后一句划线部分句意为：要想不被机器所取代，我们只有不断使自己适应相应的变化。故选C。
22. A man claiming to be a pastor(牧师) apparently tried to stiff a waiter on a tip, explaining that his work for God allowed him not to leave one.
A photo of the receipt, posted to R, shows a bill for $34.93 with an automatic 18 percent gratuity(小费) (or $6.29) added above a blank space for an additional tip.
“I give God 10%,” the diner wrote on the receipt, scratching out the automatic tip. “Why do you get 18?” He then wrote “Pastor” above his signature, and an emphatic “0” where the additional tip would be. (The automatic gratuity, however, had already been added to the total.)
The Reddit user who submitted the image explained in the comments section that the receipt was part of a total bill for a party of 20, which is why the gratuity was automatically added.
“Parties up to eight ... may tip whatever they’d like, but larger parties receive an automatic gratuity," the server wrote. "It’s in the computer; it’s not something I do.”
The server added: “They had no problem with my service, and told me I was great. They just didn’t want to pay when the time came.”
Scribbling(乱涂) notes on receipts has become something of a trend. Earlier this month, the manager of a North Carolina Red Robin surprised an overdue pregnant woman by comping her meal.
“Once seated, a manager came up to us and started talking,” the woman's husband told Consumerist. “He was extremely friendly and jokingly asked my wife if this was her last meal before heading to the hospital.”
When the check came, a note from the manager next to her portion of the bill read: “MOM 2 BEE GOOD LUC.”
“It was a pleasant surprise and made my tired-of-being-pregnant wife a little more cheery,” the man said.
31. What did the pastor mean by saying, “I give God 10%. Why do you get 18?”
A. He was bargaining with the waiter.
B. He didn’t mean to pay the gratuity at all.
C. God gave him the privilege not to pay a gratuity.
D. The gratuity had already been paid by his friends.
32. What do you learn from the article?
A. The pastor paid ten percent gratuity of the meal to God.
B. A party of six diners can choose whatever gratuity they want to pay.
C. According to the husband, the wife enjoyed the process of being pregnant.
D. The pastor paid $34.93 in total for the meal.
33. What does the underlined word “stiff” mean?
A. amuse B. abuse C. persuade D. fail to pay
参考答案：
BBD
略