四川省广安市友谊中学2021-2022学年高三英语期末试题含解析.docx

四川省广安市友谊中学2021-2022学年高三英语期末试题含解析一、 选择题1. Community service_ anything from gardening to_ in old peoples homes.A. is involved in; helping B. involves; helpingC. involves; help D. is involved; help参考答案：B2. It is so hard for people to understand his action. You can never his thought. A. learn B. study C. master D. read参考答案：D略3. MrJones isnt at his deskWhere is he？_I have no idea（）AYou are welcomeBTell me about itCLets call it a dayDYouve got me there参考答案：DA项不用谢；B项告诉我关于这个事；C项我们今天就到这儿吧；D项你把我难到了；根据答句中I have no idea可知，说话者对上句中的问题Jones先生去哪了不太清楚，回答不出这个问题Youve got me there意为你把我难到了，我也不大清楚，故选D4. Jack will come to see you next Friday. Do you prefer the morning or the afternoon?- _, the evening would be better. You know, everyone will be free then.A. None B. Either C. Neither D. Both参考答案：C5. . - Is there any possibility for net shopping to replace physical shopping? - Its _ impossible. A. rather B. very C. quite D. fairly参考答案：C略6. He tried his best to make the_of the famous professor and persuaded him to be his tutor.May he succeed.Adecision BfunctionCacquaintanceDfriends参考答案：C解析：句意为：他尽力结识那位著名教授，并说服他当他的导师。祝他成功。make the acquaintance of sb.结识；与相见，是固定短语。make a decision about就做出决定；function作用，功能，职能；make friends with与交朋友。7. Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do. A. such B. that C. more D. very参考答案：B8. Not having enough green food leads to poor health and, _ , sickness. A. however B. otherwise C. therefore D. instead参考答案：c略9. However, at times this balance in nature is disturbed, _ a number of possibly unforeseen effects.A. lying in B. calling in C. taking in D. resulting in参考答案：D10. _ after a whole days work that he could hardly stand it.A. So he was tired and hungry B. Was he so tired and hungryC. So tired and hungry was he D. So tired and hungry he was参考答案：C11. It is evident that James has made a simple mistake in his job, but don t scold him too much; he is a green hand.A. by contrast B. more of C. at random D. at best参考答案：D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. by contrast相比之下；B. more of更大程度上的；C. at random任意地； D. at best最多。句意：很明显，James在工作中犯了一个小错误，但不要过于责备他，他充其量就是个新手。故D项正确。12. Jim will be present at our party tonight.Dont be so sure. He _ stay at home looking after his sick mother. A.must B.need C.can D.might参考答案：D13. Babies are not born with _ moral sense. They cannot tell _ difference between right and wrong.A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. 不填; a参考答案：C14. This brand of knife is quite popular with customers, for it _ well. A. is cut B. cuts C. will be cut D. has been cut参考答案：26. B 考查动词时态和语态。表示主语的性质特点，用主动形式。15. His father works in a company_ name always appears in the local newspapersAwhen Bwhose Cwhere Dwhich参考答案：B16. An awful accident, however, _ occur again at the railroad crossing the other day Adid Bdoes Chas to Dhad to参考答案：A17. Dont act before you have a second thought about the mission_ you are unable to handle any potential emergency.A. as long asB. so thatC. even ifD. in case参考答案：D【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：接受任务时要三思而后行，以免你解决不了潜在的紧急情况。A. as long as只要；B. so that以便，因此；C. even if尽管；D. in case以免。结合句意可知此处用“以免”符合语境，in case引导目的状语从句，故选D项。18. . My parents often inspire me, “_ till you make it.” A. Fight B. Fighting C. To fight D. Fighted参考答案：A略二、 短文改错19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。As is known to us, fewer and fewer students do sports regularly, what makes them weak and easily tiring. There are many reasons for this. First of all, some of the students complain that they have too much homeworks, resulted in less time to take exercise. Besides, some of them think that it is very difficult for them to keep doing exercise, because it is a very hard thing. Because lack of physical activities, many students are in poorly health. I suggested that our school should take measures to encourage more students to take a part in sports. For us students, no matter how busy they are, it is necessary to spare any time to do exercise.参考答案：As is known to us, fewer and fewer students do sports regularly, what makes them weak and whicheasily tiring. There are many reasons for this. First of all, some of the students complain that they tiredhave too much homeworks, resulted in less time to take exercise. Besides, some of them think that homework resultingit is very difficult for them to keep doing exercise, because it is a very hard thing. Because lack of of physical activities, many students are in poorly health. I suggested that our school should take poor suggestmeasures to encourage more students to take a part in sports. For us students, no matter how busy 去掉they are, it is necessary to spare any time to do exercise.we some文章分析了现在学生缺乏体育锻炼体质下降这一现象的原因和作者自己的建议。1. 删除it.考查定语从句。as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，as代替整个主句，在定语从句中充当主语。It与之重复，故删除it。2. what改为which. 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，要用which引导，不用what，故what改为which。3. about改为for. 考查介词。此处指对于这个问题有许多原因，表示“对于”用for，故about改为for。4. complained改为complain. 考查时态。文章叙述了一个事实情况且全文是现在时，结合上下句可知，此处也用现在时，故 complained改为complain。5. many改为much. 考查形容词。many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。此处修饰不可数名词homework用much，故many改为much。6. Beside改为Besides. 考查相似词。Beside是介词，意为“在旁边”；Besides是副词，意为“此外，而且”。此处表递进，用Besides，故Beside改为Besides。7. difficulty改为difficult. 考查形容词。difficulty是名词“困难”，difficult 是形容词“困难的”。此处是形容词作表语，故difficulty改为difficult。8. Because后加of. 考查同义词。表示原因时，Because引导原因状语从句后加句子；Because of后加词语；lack of physical activities是词语，故Because后加of。9. must改为should或去掉. 考查虚拟语气。句意：我建议学校采取措施鼓励更多的学生参加体育锻炼。动词suggest “建议” 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。故 must改为should或去掉。10. what改为how. 考查副词。句意：对于我们学生无论多么忙，挤出一些时间锻炼是必要的。修饰形容词busy，表示无论怎样用how，故what改为how。【名师点睛】.短文改错重点和易错点：1.动词时态语态时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。小题plained改为complain . 考查时态。文章叙述了一个事实情况且全文是现在时，结合上下句可知此处也用现在时，故 complained改为complain。2. 复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。小题2. 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，要用which引导不用what。此也为短文改错的常考点。3. 易混淆的词或词组易混淆的词既包括词意相同或相近的同义词、近义词，也包括外形相似、意义有别的词组。易混淆词或词组的辨析也是高考改错题中不容忽视的部分。小题5. many改为much. 考查形容词。many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。此处修饰不可数名词homework用much，故many改为much.小题6. Beside改为Besides. 考查相似词。Beside是介词，“在旁边”；Besides是副词，“此外，而且”。此处表递进用Besides，故Beside改为Besides。小题8. Because后加of .考查同义词。表示原因时，Because引导原因状语从句后加句子；Because of是介词短语，后加单词或短语；lack of physical activities是短语，故应用Because of。20. 文中共有10处语言错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出修改后的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1. 每处错误仅限1词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。High school is considered the most important stage. As senior three student, it will not be long before I graduated. Now I have many things to share in my fellows. First of all, Id like to express my thank to those who lent me a hand when I was disappoint. It was their kindness which helped me regain my self-confidence when I lost my heart. Besides, I anxious want to clear up some misunderstanding with my friends in order to keep our friendships forever. With the National College Entrance Examination approached, I strongly recommend that we could value time and redouble efforts to study so that we can get into a key university.参考答案：High school is considered the most important stage. As senior three student, it will not be long a before I graduated. Now I have many things to share in my fellows. First of all, Id like to express my graduate with thank to those who lent me a hand when I was disappoint. It was their kindness which helped me thanks disappointedthatregain my self-confidence when I lost my heart. Besides, I anxious want to clear up some myanxiouslymisunderstanding with my friends in order to keep our friendships forever. With the National College Entrance Examination approached, I strongly recommend that we could value time and redouble approaching should efforts to study so that we can get into a key university.【分析】本文为记叙文。作者作为一名高三学生，即将毕业。文章讲述了对高三生活的体会和建议。【详解】第一处：考查冠词。此处泛指“一名高三的学生”，应使用不定冠词a。故senior前面加上a。第二处：考查时态。此处表示将来的动作，条件状语从句中一般时态表将来。故graduated改为graduate。第三处：考查介词。固定搭配：share sth. with sb. “和某人分享某事”。故in 改为with。第四处：考查名词复数。thank一般不单独用，表示谢谢可以说thanks或thank you。根据前面的my可知，此处thank作名词时。故thank thanks第五处：考查形容词。disappointed“（感到）失望的”，此处指“当我失望的时候”。故disappoint 改为 disappointed。第六处：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句。故which改为that。第七处：考查固定短语。固定短语：lose heart“丧失信心，失去信心”。故my heart去掉my。第八处：考查副词。此处修饰动词want，应使用副词形式。故anxious anxiously。第九处：考查现在分词。此处为with复合结构，National College Entrance Examination与approach是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词。故approached 改为approaching。第十处：考查情态动词。recommend后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要求使用（should）do。故could改为should。【点睛】第六处考查强调句与定语从句的辨别。强调句与定语从句的比较：1.强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that可同时被省略；而定语从句中的It是主语，It be与that不可同时省略。2.强调句型中be的时态须跟后面句子的时态相一致，而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定。3.强调句型中的that不能省略，并且即使前面的名词是事物时，也不能将that换成which；而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略，并且当先行词是事物时可用which代替。三、 阅读理解21. Henrietta Lacks was born in 1920 in Virginia and raised on a tobacco farmShe married her first cousin，David Day and later settled near Baltimore in Turner Station where Day worked at a steel millAfter giving birth to her fifth child，she was diagnosed with cervical cancerShe was treated at Johns Hopkins，the only hospital within twenty miles that treated black patients and had been established as a charity hospitalIn an attempt to grow everlasting cells，DrGeorge Gey took samples of all women who came to Hopkins with cervical cancerAfter taking a biopsy （活检） of Henriettas cervical cancer，researcher DrGeorge Gey discovered that unlike any cells they had seen before，Henriettas cells could not only reproduce，but thrive outside the bodya breakthrough that would change modern medicineActually，her cells doubled in size every 24 hours and DrGey shared these cells for free with any researcher interestedLater，DrStanley Gartler found that Henriettas cells were even capable of jumping out of the petri dish（培养皿） and taking other cell typesAs a result，these cells，named HeLa（for Henrietta Lacks） were essential in the research into cancer，AIDS，the effects of radiation and poisonous substances，gene mapping，and countless other scientific pursuitsAnd theyve been used in tens of thousands of research studiesMsLacks died not too long after her diagnosis in 1951She unknowingly held the key to unlocking medical advancements in her tumor cellsNow，decades after Henriettas death，her cells are still aliveFor many years，her family knew nothing about the impact her cells had on medical scienceshe provided a crucial sample of cells that has furthered the knowledge of medical science and disease preventionNow nearly 60years after her death，in May 2011，Morgan State University in Baltimore awarded her an honorary degree25What is the passage mainly about？ AA womans contribution to medical progressBThe contribution of Johns HopkinsCThe original research of cancerDThe death of a black patient26Which word can describe the cells of Henrietta Lacks？ ARadioactiveBPoisonousCActiveDInteresting27What does the underlined wordthrivemean probably？ ADieBGrowCBreakDChange参考答案：2527ACB本文主要讲的是一位名叫Henrietta Lacks 的女士因其独特的肿瘤细胞对于医药科学领域的贡献在去世60周年以后的2011年被摩根州立大学授予荣誉学位的故事25题答案：A 考查文章大意，本文主要讲的是一位名叫Henrietta Lacks 的女士因其独特的肿瘤细胞对于医药科学领域的贡献在去世60周年以后的2011年被摩根州立大学授予荣誉学位的故事，故本题答案为A选项26题答案：C 考查细节推理，根据文章第二段的Stanley Gartler found that Henriettas cells were even capable of jumping out of the petri dish（培养皿）（Stanley Gartler 发现Henrietta的细胞甚至能跳出培养皿）可知本题答案为C选项27题答案：B 考查细节推理，根据后面的Actually，her cells doubled in size every 24 hours（事实上，她的细胞每24小时就会长大一倍）可知本题答案为B选项22. Its said that someone somewhere in the world is always eating sushi（寿司）. Its the healthy snack of choice for people of all cultures .The first sushi was actually made in China in the 2nd century. Raw salted fish was eaten with rice. Like writing , Japanese traveled to China and took sushi back to Japan . In the middle of the 17th century , vinegar was added to the rice to make it tastier. Since the late 20th century raw fish on small amounts of rice has become big business .There are different recipes (食谱) for making sushi. This one is really easy and fun. Try it !Ingredients200 grams of raw salmon (大马哈鱼) in one piece (other raw fish like tuna is fine)2 cups of rice2 cups of water1/2 cups of vinegar1 teaspoon of salt 2 tablespoons of sugarWasabi*Japanese soy sauce (酱油)Instructions（1） Wash your hands before you start.（2） Put the sugar and salt in the vinegar .Keep it in a container.（3） Boil the rice in the 2 cups of water. This is a little less water than usual to make the rice slightly harder .（4） Leave the rice to cool down for 10 minutes after its boiled.（5） Put the rice into a large container. Add half of the vinegar.（6） Mix it all together with your hands. Keep mixing until it sticks together. You may need to add more of the vinegar.（7） Let the rice cool down.（8） Wet your hands. Make balls of rice. Each one should be about the size of a table tennis ball.（9） Take a sharp knife and cut the salmon into thin slices. Each slice should be about 3mm thick.（10） With the rice ball in one hand, press the cut salmon on top. Make it into a rectangular shape .（11） Put the sushi on a plate.（12） Put a little wasabi and soy sauce in a small dish.（13） Serve the sushi to your friends. It goes well with green tea. The biggest concern people have about sushi is its freshness. Raw fish can attract bacteria, which can makes us ill or even cause death. When choosing a whole fish , the eyes should be clear. The skin should be bright and smooth and not breaking-up. When choosing cut fish , the meat ought not to give off an unpleasant smell. It should