人教新课标版高二选修8Unit2CloningReadingandlanguagepoints.pptx

Pre-reading1.What is clone?2.How is clone produced?3.What benefits can human gain from cloning?4.What problems may arise when human beings are cloned?1.What is clone?Clone is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.2.How is clone produced?This happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones,and when small parts of a plant are taken and grown in a laboratory.It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.3.What benefits can human gain from cloning?4.What problems may arise when human beings are cloned?It can help cure diseases and can help coupleswho have no baby to bear a new baby.There may be more bad people like Hitler.While-readingSkim and sum up the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.Para.2 cloning have two major uses.Para.3 The problems of DollyPara.4 The effect of DollyPara.5 It is forbidden to clone human being.1.The main idea of the text is_ A.animal cloning is very valuable and can benefit the world.B.animal cloning could be misused by bad people so it must be forbidden C.animal cloning is well developed because Dolly the sheep was born.D.animal cloning raised arguments and scientists are not sure about its future.2.Which of the following statements about cloning is NOT true according to text?_ A.Cloning is something that has been developed quite recently.B.Twins that look exactly the same are originally from the same egg.C.Cloning is used by gardeners to make more money.D.Animal cloning is much more difficult than plant cloning.3.The cloning of Dolly the sheep succeeded because_.A.its easier to clone a sheep than other animals B.B.the scientists were determined and worked hard with patienceC.the scientists were rewarded and got lots of moneyD.many other attempts to clone mammals failed4.The lamb is the clone of the cell from sheep because_.A.it provides the egg cell B.it gives birth to the lamb C.it provides the nucleus D.it is a female sheep5.The sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably lived _ years.A.3 B.6 C.9 D.12Post-reading Fill in the chartProblems/dangers of cloningAdvantages of cloningAnimal clones may develop the illnesses of older animals.Medical cloning could produce cures for serious degenerative illnesses in humans.Animal clones may die Younger than the donor animals.Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale.Evil leaders may want to clone themselves.Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species.There are moral objections to cloning human beings.Cloning can help save endangered animals.Discussion1.What do you think is the writers view in this reading passage?2.Whats your opinion of cloning?Give reasons.I think the writer is impartial because he/she does not state any personal opinion about cloning.B8 Unit 2 CloningLanguage points Language points 1.In pairs,look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made.Explain how they differ.differ vi.不一致不一致,不同不同,相异相异,不同意不同意,意见相左意见相左 常见的搭配有：常见的搭配有：sb differ from/with sb on/about/over/upon sth A and B differ in A differs from BWarming up她的方法跟我的没有很大不同。她的方法跟我的没有很大不同。Her method doesnt differ much from mine.现代飞机跟早期的在很多方面有所不同。现代飞机跟早期的在很多方面有所不同。Modern airplanes differ from early ones.对于如何解决问题对于如何解决问题,我跟他的意见不一致。我跟他的意见不一致。I differ with him on how to solve the problem.关于道德标准关于道德标准,他们的见解不同。他们的见解不同。They differ with each other on moral standards.即时练习：即时练习：用介词用介词 from,with,on,about,upon 或或 in 填空。填空。(1)We differ _ him _ _ that question.(2)The two nations differ _ culture and religion.(3)The climate here differ _ that of the South.difference n.差异差异,差别差别,分歧分歧,争论争论,差额差额different adj.不同的不同的from/withon/about/upon/overinfrom/withReading 1.It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.exact adj.精确的精确的,准确的准确的,原样的原样的,精密的精密的What were his exact words?I dont know the exact size of the room.exactly adv.正确地正确地,严密地严密地,恰恰恰恰Thats exactly what I expected.Youve arrived at exactly the right moment.exactly speaking 2.It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are 3)identical adj.完全相同的完全相同的(常与常与with/to连用连用)同一的同一的,同样的同样的These two designs are almost identical.My opinion is identical with his.This picture is identical to the one my mother has.All eggs look similar,but no two eggs are identical,Leonardo da vincis teacher once said to him.3.Firstly,gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of mercial adj.商业的商业的,贸易的贸易的a commercial loan/law/activity商业贷款商业贷款/法规法规/活动活动商务的商务的He is doing a commercial course at the local college.他在本地学院学商业课程。他在本地学院学商业课程。以获利为目的的，从营利角度出发的以获利为目的的，从营利角度出发的The play was a commercial success.这出戏这出戏从营利角度看很成功。从营利角度看很成功。Her novels are well written and commercial as well.她的小说写得好，销路也好。她的小说写得好，销路也好。4.Cloning plants is straightforward but the cloning of animals is more complicated.straightforward adj.简单的简单的,易懂的易懂的,直接了当直接了当的的;正直的正直的,坦率的坦率的The question is quite straightforward;why cant you answer it?At least he was quite straightforward about it,you cant say he was trying to deceive you.他起码在那件事上是相当坦率的，你不能说他起码在那件事上是相当坦率的，你不能说他试图欺骗你。他试图欺骗你。5.The procedure is difficult to undertake,of course.procedure n.程序程序,手续手续,步骤步骤Stop arguing about procedure and lets get down to business.Whats the procedure for opening a bank account?6 undertake vt.实施，从事，着手做，实施，从事，着手做，承担承担,担任担任,许诺许诺,保证，采取保证，采取undertake sth 承担某事承担某事undertake to do sth 许诺做某事许诺做某事/同意做某事同意做某事undertake that 保证保证undertaking (N)用单数用单数/任务任务/事业事业/保证保证我愿意承接这项变革的责任。我愿意承接这项变革的责任。I can undertake the responsibility for the changes.他许诺当我们的向导他许诺当我们的向导.He undertook to be our guide.即时练习：即时练习：完成下列句子。完成下列句子。(1)He will _ next month(去旅行去旅行).(2)He _(承担了一承担了一项新任务项新任务).undertook a new taskundertake a journey我不能保证我能按时做完它我不能保证我能按时做完它.I cant undertake you that I ll finish it in time.Starting a new business can be a risky undertaking.7.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.表示方位、时间、或方式的副词或介词短语，如表示方位、时间、或方式的副词或介词短语，如then,now,here,there,up,down,in,away,off,out,in the room,on the wall等，置于句首等，置于句首时，句子倒装。时，句子倒装。In the window appeared the handwritten sign,“For sale,Irish sheets of first class quality.The low price of$6.5”.Out rushed the children.8 disturb vt.扰乱扰乱,使不安使不安,弄乱弄乱disturbed adj.被乱的被乱的,动乱的动乱的,不安的不安的disturbing adj.令人不安的令人不安的/烦扰烦扰即时练习：即时练习：用用disturb,disturbing,disturbed填空。填空。(1)Im very _ about Alice.(2)Dont _ the papers on my desk.(3)This country is in a _ state.(4)What _ news it is!(5)A light wind _ the surface of the water.disturbeddisturbeddisturbingdisturbingdisturb8.Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illness were more appropriate to a much older animal.1)cast down：feeling unhappy and depressed使沮丧使沮丧,低沉，低沉，使下降使下降,推翻推翻be cast down=feel discouraged He was much cast down by the failure of the experiment.Dont be so cast down.Just keep up your spirits.即时练习：即时练习：将下列句子译成英语将下列句子译成英语(1)听到这个消息他很沮丧。听到这个消息他很沮丧。_(2)发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。_cast away丢弃丢弃,抛弃抛弃,使失事使失事,使漂流使漂流cast off 放弃；丢弃放弃；丢弃,摆脱摆脱cast out赶走赶走,驱逐驱逐He was cast down to hear the news.Finding out the truth made him cast down.2)be appropriate to:be suitable for a particular person,condition,occasion or place;fitting适合于适合于的，与的，与相称的相称的用与你的题目相称的体裁写。用与你的题目相称的体裁写。Write in a style appropriate to your subject.普通鞋不适于下稻田。普通鞋不适于下稻田。Ordinary shoes are not appropriate to paddy fields.9.Altogether Dolly lived for six years,altogether adv.全部，总共全部，总共Altogether the centre lost more than 1,000 trees in the hurricane.How much will it be altogether?总而言之总而言之Altogether,our achievements are great.完全地完全地(completely)Hes not altogether sure what to do.all together与与altogether作总作总“共解共解”时，它们可以互换使用。时，它们可以互换使用。There were altogether/all together 40 students in the class.all together作作“一道一道,一起一起”解时解时,不能用不能用altogether替换。替换。They came all together.altogether意为意为“完全地，彻底地，总计，完全地，彻底地，总计，总而言之总而言之”，不可与，不可与all together互换，用于互换，用于否定句时是部分否定。否定句时是部分否定。Its altogether out of the question.I dont altogether agree with you.10.On the other hand,Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.appearance c出现出现,露面露面;c/u外貌外貌,外观外观The sudden appearance of a policeman caused the thief to run away.His first appearance on stage was at the age of three.Dont judge by appearance-appearance can be misleading.勿以貌取人勿以貌取人-外貌不可靠。外貌不可靠。appear vi.出现出现,看来看来,似乎似乎,公开露面公开露面,出版出版,发发表表11 a storm of:sudden violent outbrust or display of strong feeling 常指感情猛烈爆发或强烈表现常指感情猛烈爆发或强烈表现a storm of tears泪如雨下泪如雨下a storm of protest/applause/cheers/abuse/criticism/bullets/arrows一阵猛烈的抗议一阵猛烈的抗议/暴暴风雨般的掌声风雨般的掌声/暴风雨般的欢呼声暴风雨般的欢呼声/辱骂辱骂/评击评击/弹雨弹雨/箭雨箭雨storm in a teacup小题大作，茶杯里的暴风雨小题大作，茶杯里的暴风雨take by storm袭取；突然攻夺；博取（观众的）袭取；突然攻夺；博取（观众的）欢心欢心12 objection n.反对，异议反对，异议,缺陷缺陷,妨碍妨碍,拒绝之理拒绝之理由由I feel a strong objection to getting up early.Have you any objection to my opening the window?My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.objection常与常与have,take,feel等连用构成词组：等连用构成词组：have objecting to,take objection,feel objection toobject vi.反对反对,拒绝拒绝,抗议抗议 后常跟介词后常跟介词 to或或against vt.提出提出.来反对来反对 可接可接that引导的从句。引导的从句。n.物体物体,目标目标,宾语宾语,对象对象We object to being treated like this.I object to the plan.I object that he is too young to take that position.Tell me the names of the objects in this room.12 have/make a strong/great impact on对对有有/产生巨大影响产生巨大影响这本书对其读者产生了极大的影响。这本书对其读者产生了极大的影响。This book made a great impact on its readers.这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响.The anti-smoking campaign has had quite an impact on young people.13.Governments became nervous and many forbade research into human cloning.各国政府恐各国政府恐慌不安慌不安,有许多政府命令禁止克隆人类的研究。有许多政府命令禁止克隆人类的研究。forbid vt.禁止，不准，不许禁止，不准，不许forbade/forbad,forbidden,forbiddingSmoking should be forbidden in public places.公共场所公共场所应禁止吸烟。应禁止吸烟。The king forbids us from going out.forbidsth.doing sth.sb.to do sth.sb.doing sth.sb.sththatLack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.因篇幅所限，此处不便对本题作进一不步因篇幅所限，此处不便对本题作进一不步阐述。阐述。Her father forbid her wine.=Her father forbid her to drink wine.The law forbids building on this land.即时练习：即时练习：完成下列句子完成下列句子(1)The school _ (禁禁止学生吸烟止学生吸烟).(2)He is forbidden to _(进入这个进入这个房间房间).forbids the students to smokeenter the room14.Some countries such as China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.1)accumulate vt./vi.:to gather or pile收收/堆堆集，积聚集，积聚/累累,堆积堆积 强调强调“经过一段比较长的时经过一段比较长的时间由少积多的积累间由少积多的积累”，使用范围较广，似乎凡是，使用范围较广，似乎凡是数量方面的增长都可以表示。数量方面的增长都可以表示。The company has accumulated great wealth within a few years.However,as the evidence began to accumulate,experts from the London Zoo felt obliged to investigate.The purpose of education is not just accumulating information.教育的目的不仅仅是积累知识。教育的目的不仅仅是积累知识。Dust accumulated during my absence.accumulation n.积聚积聚 the accumulation of knowledge 知识的积聚知识的积聚即时练习：即时练习：完成下列句子完成下列句子(1)He quickly _ _ _(积积蓄了一大笔财富蓄了一大笔财富).(2)Clouds began to _ _ _ _(在在天空中聚集天空中聚集).accumulated large fortuneaccumulate in the sky15 evidence u:a thing or things helpful in forming a conclusion or judgment 根据根据,证据证据,证物证物;明显明显,显著显著,明白明白,迹象迹象The broken window was evidence that a burglary had taken place.Is there any evidence for/of his guilt?Page 72 Is it in favour of cloning or against cloning?他赞成还是反对克隆他赞成还是反对克隆?in favour of 赞成；有利于赞成；有利于The score was 80 to 78 in favour of the guest team.比分是比分是80比比78，客队获胜。，客队获胜。The exchange rate is in our favour today.今今天的兑换率对我们有利。天的兑换率对我们有利。归纳拓展：归纳拓展：in favour of 赞成赞成,支持支持,与与against相对。相对。即时练习：即时练习：将下列句子译成英语将下列句子译成英语(1)法院作了有利于老人的判决。法院作了有利于老人的判决。_ _(2)他赞成这项计划吗？他赞成这项计划吗？_The court decided in favour of theIs he in favour of the plan?old man.