液晶显示器简介中英.pptx

液晶的状态及分子结构1液晶的状态 液晶是一种界于液体与固体之间的物质,随温度变化在液体相与固体相间发生变化，主要结构为中间部分为苯环两端连接上-CN，-F的结构。The state of liquid crystalLiquid crystal is a kind of substance between liquid and solid,it changes in accordance with the temperature between the solid and liquid phase.The main structure is benzene ring in the middle and the two sides connect on the structure of-CN,-F.固体solid液体liquid气体gas液晶liquid crystal2液晶的分子结构 The molecular structure of liquid crystal R1CH=NR2液晶的种类现有的液晶存在三种状态，目前 LCD 主要使用的是 Nematic 状态的液晶。向列相液晶：Nematic 分子种类的重心混乱无序，使其像普通液体一样可以流动，但分子杆的指向矢大体一致。进晶相液晶：Smectic LC 分子形成一层一层的结构，分子层的厚度大约是一个分子的长度；分子垂直于分子层平面排列，分子的重心在分子层中是无序的，形成一层层的二维流体。胆甾相液晶：Cholesteric 分子的重心排列是无序的，但分子的指向矢在一个平面内大致指向一个方向。在垂直于这个平面上的方向上，分子的指向矢会旋转行程螺旋结构。The types of liquid crystalThe existing liquid crystal has three kinds of states,the LCD mainly uses the state of the Nematic liquid crystal.Nematic liquid crystal:The core of Nematics molecular type is chaotic,which makes it flow like ordinary liquid,but the pointing direction of molecular lever is broadly the same.Smectic LC:The Smectic LC molecules form layer and layer structure,and the thickness of molecular layer is about a molecular length;Molecular is plane tiling with perpendicular to the molecules.The core of molecular is disorder in the molecular layer,and form layer and layer of two-dimensional fluid.Cholesteric liquid crystal:The core arrangement of the Cholesteric molecules is disorder,but the pointing vector of the molecular is basically in the some direction.In the direction of perpendicular to this plane,the pointing vector of the molecular will rotate and form into helical structure.液晶显示器的分类按自发光和接收外部光源的分类Classification according to the self-luminous and receive outer light显示器 display发光型显示器light-emitting displayCRT（Cathode Ray Tube）VFD（Vacuum Fluorescent Display）LED（Light Emitting Diode）PDP（Plasma Display Panel）ELD（Electro Lumineescent Display）受光型显示器light-receiving displayLCD（Liquid Crystal Display）LED（Electro Chemical Display）按自发光和接收外部光源的分类 Classification according to the drive mode静态单纯矩阵驱动(Static/Simple Matrix)主动矩阵驱动(Active Matrix)3端主动矩阵驱动子形TFT（CdSe,a-Si,p-Si）LCDTN（Twist Nematic）SBE（Super-twisted Birefringence Effect）ECB（Electrically Controlled Birefringence）FLC（Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal）2端子形（MetalInsulatorMetal，MIM）STN（DSTN，FSTN）各种显示屏的特点The features of different kinds of displays（详见excel）特性项目特性项目 Special ProjecSpecial ProjecLEDLEDPDPPDPELELCRTCRTLCDLCD表示方法表示方法Show methodShow method发光发光light-emittinglight-emitting发光发光light-light-emittingemitting发光发光light-light-emittingemitting发光发光light-light-emittingemitting受光受光light-light-receivinreceiving g动作电压（动作电压（V V）Operation voltageOperation voltage（V V）2 2212212300300 190190200200 101030KV30KV 1.51.51515消费电力消费电力Power ConsumptionPower Consumption高高highhigh低低lowlow高高highhigh高高highhigh一般一般normalnormal 答应速度答应速度Answer speedAnswer speed快快fastfast快快fastfast快快fastfast很快很快very very fastfast快快fastfast表示表示SizeSizeShow SizeShow Size小小-中中-大大small-middle-bigsmall-middle-big中中-大大middle-middle-bigbig小小-中中-大大small-small-middle-middle-bigbig小小-中中-大大small-small-middle-middle-bigbig小小-中中-大大small-small-middle-middle-bigbig 大小大小SizeSize小小smallsmall薄型薄型thinthin薄型薄型thinthin 体积大体积大big big volumevolume薄型薄型thinthin 视角视角Angle viewAngle view一般一般normalnormal好好goodgood一般一般normalnormal好好goodgood好好goodgood温度范围（温度范围（）Temperature RangeTemperature Range（）40408080 40 40858530308080-20-207070-10-108585寿命时间（寿命时间（HRHR）Life timeLife time（HRHR）长长longlong一般一般normalnormal一般一般normalnormal较长较长longerlonger一般一般normalnormal LSI LSI 驱动容易驱动容易LSI easy drivenLSI easy driven易易easyeasy易易easyeasy易易easyeasy 易易easyeasyCONTRASTCONTRAST一般一般normalnormal一般一般normalnormal 好好goodgood 好好goodgood 好好goodgood颜色颜色ColorColor各种各种all kindsall kinds各种各种all all kindskinds各种各种all all kindskinds各种各种all all kindskinds各种各种all all kindskindsLCD 专业名词术语The professional terms and noun of LCD LCD（LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY）：液晶显示LCM（LIQUID CRYSTAL MODULE）：液晶模组TN（TWISTED NEMATIC）：扭曲向列。液晶分子地扭曲取向偏转 90STN（SUPER TWISTED NEMATIC）：超级扭曲向列。约 180270CSTN（Color STN）：彩色超级扭曲向列 UFB（Ultra Fine Brightness）：超精细亮度UFC（Ultra Fine Contrast）：超精细对比度 FSTN（FORMULATED SUPER TWISTED NEMATIC）：格式化超级扭曲向列。一层光程补偿片加于 STN，用于单色显示。TFT（THIN FILM TRANSISTOR）：薄膜晶体管BLACK LIGHT：背光源INVERTER：逆变器OSD（ON SCREEN DISPLAY）：在屏上显示DVI（DIGITAL VISUAL INTERFACE）：数字接口 TMDS（TRANSITION MINIMIZED DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALING）：最小变换差分信号LVDS（LOW VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL SIGNALING）：低压差分信号IC（INTEGRATE CIRCUIT）：集成电路 LCD 专业名词术语The professional terms and noun of LCD TCP（TAPE CARRIER PACKAGE）：柔性线路板COB：（CHIP ON BOARD）通过绑定将 IC 裸片固定于线路板上COF：（CHIP ON FPC）将 IC 固定柔性线路板上COG：（CHIP ON GLASS）将芯片固定于玻璃上DUTY：占空比，高出点亮的阀值电压的部分在一个周期中所占的比率LED：（LIGHT EMITTING DIODE）发光二极管EL：（ELECTRO LUMINESCENCE）电致发光。EL 层高分子量薄片构成CCFL：（CCFT）COLD CATHODE FLUORESCENT LIGHT/TUBE 冷阴极荧光灯PDP：（PLASMA DISPLAY PANEL）等离子显示屏CRT：（CATHODE RADIAL TUBE）阴极射线管VGA：（VIDEO GRAPHIC ARRAY）视频图形阵列PCB：（PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD）印刷电路板S-VIDEO：S 端子，与复合视频信号比，将对比和颜色分离传输NTSC：（NATIONAL TELEVISION SYSTEMS COMMITTEE）PAL：（PHASE ALTERMATING LINE ）逐行倒相制式）SECAM：（SEQUENTIAL COULEUR MEMOIRE ）VOD：（VIDEO ON DEMAND）视频点播DPI：（DOT PER INCH）点每英寸