雅思写作之利弊讨论型省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

雅思主流写作题型之利弊讨论型第1页组合作文法-审题（topicinterpretation）Thiskindofargumentativeessayrequiresclearthinking,preparation,andaconcise(non-waffly)writingstyle.当前雅思主流写作4题型A.Argumentation（观点辩论型）(1)利弊题（Advantages or disadvantages）(2)两种/各种选择权衡题（TWO options）(3)观点判断题（opinions/comments）BDiscussion（事实讨论型）Introduction a hot issue(Introduction,first paragraph);find out possible explanations(depends,second paragraph);analyze its impact on society(detailed,both sides,third para);suggest feasible approaches to it(corresponding to previous).第2页表现形式Doyouthinkitsadvantagesoutweighdisadvantages?Doyouthinkthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsassociatedwithit?Doyouthinkitispositiveornegativesituation?Ithaspositiveornegativeeffecton?Discussbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.第3页真题示例.1.14Therearesocial,medical,andtechnicalproblemsassociatedwiththeuseofmobilephones.Whatformsdotheytake?Doyouagreethattheproblemsoutweighthebenefitsofmobilephones?.2.11Inmanycountries,theproportionofolderpeopleissteadilyincreasing.Doesthistrendhavemorepositiveornegativeeffectsonthesociety?.2.25Moreandmoremeasurestoimprovethesecurityintheurbanareahavebeenintroducedbecauseoftheincreasedcrime.Dothebenefitsofthemeasuresoutweighthedrawbacks?.5.20Theinternationaltourismisthebiggestindustryintheworld.Towhatextentdoyouthinkitsadvantagesfaroutweighitsdisadvantages?第4页1月17日Today,peoplecanworkandliveinanywheretheywant,becauseoftheimprovementofcommunicationtechnologyandtransport.Doadvantagesofthisdevelopmentoutweighthedisadvantages?3月14日Moreandmorestudentschoosetogotoanothercountryfortheirhighereducation.Doyouthinkthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsassociatedwithit?第5页4月4日Nowadays，peopleliveinthesocietywhereconsumergoodsarecheapertobuy.Doyouthinkitsadvantagesoutweighdisadvantages?5月30日Fossilfuels(coal,oil,naturalgas)arethemainsourcesinmanycountries,butinsomecountriestheuseofalternativesourcesofenergy(windenergyandsolarenergy)areencouraged.Towhatextentdoyouthinkitisapositiveornegativedevelopment?6月11日Thefoodtravelsthousandsofmilesfromfarmtoconsumer.Somepeoplethinkitwouldbebettertoourenvironmentandeconomyifpeopleonlyatelocalproducedfood.Whatextenddoestheadvantageoutweighdisadvantage?第6页利弊类题型审题小结该类题目通常也以某一即定事实/现象为分析基础,但因为该趋势/现象原因讨论不是很有必要,转而只分析其利弊(其实就是正面或者负面影响分析),所以本质和事实讨论型题目是一样,只是解题方向不一样.事实讨论型通常需要剖析原因,而利弊型通常不用;事实讨论型分析影响时有指向(比如直接说问某社会现象/趋势会产生什么问题即等于指明要分析负面影响),而利弊型通常是正反两面都要分析;事实讨论型分析影响有时会有限定对象,比如个人或/和社会,利弊型通常不会限定该影响对象,但个人/社会还是能够成为分析利弊不一样切入点.因为该题型讨论开展基础同为即定事实/现象,所以利弊类话题能够很轻易被转化为事实讨论型问题(原因影响对策),反之亦然.但一切以题目要求为准.第7页4月4日Nowadays，peopleliveinthesocietywhereconsumergoodsarecheapertobuy.Doyouthinkitsadvantagesoutweighdisadvantages?(没有分析原因必要,故而只讨论该趋势利弊影响)5月30日Fossilfuels(coal,oil,naturalgas)arethemainsourcesinmanycountries,butinsomecountriestheuseofalternativesourcesofenergy(windenergyandsolarenergy)areencouraged.Towhatextentdoyouthinkitisapositiveornegativedevelopment?(可转换为事实讨论型:给出替换能源使用日益普遍这一现象,分析替换能源使用日益普及原因及其影响)6月11日Thefoodtravelsthousandsofmilesfromfarmtoconsumer.Somepeoplethinkitwouldbebettertoourenvironmentandeconomyifpeopleonlyatelocalproducedfood.Towhatextentdoestheadvantageoutweighdisadvantage?(严格地说这是一个混合型题目,因为它夹杂了一个现象和就这个现象一个相关观点.所以又带点观点判断题特征.不过题目不要求对观点直接进行对错是否评判,而还是侧重在利弊分析上.不过此时利弊分析是建立在与现实对立观点基础上利弊分析.)第8页利弊讨论型必背词汇AdvantageProsBenefitMeritPositivesideGoodnewsStrenth/strongpointboonDisadvantageConsDrawbackProblemNegativesideBadnewsWeakness/weakpointbane第9页利弊讨论型惯用句型表语从句Thebiggestadvantage/disadvantageforisthat同位语从句Weshouldbeawareofthemerit/problemthat第10页解题步骤一：审题相对观点判断题轻易。题干：通常是一个常见社会/生活现象而不是观点注意：这类题目重心是分析利弊，而不是问询原因。题目另有要求除外。第11页解题步骤二：分析利弊依然使用六大标准对该现象进行利弊分析第12页解题步骤三：段落安排第一段：介绍背景，引出现象，可适当地对原因加以说明（不需很详细）第二段：利1到2个；第三段：弊1到2个(假如能论得很透话,利弊各一也可)；第四段：总结，说明利大于弊或弊大于利。第13页引言段示例1利弊型题目同事实讨论型一样,可用一两句简单进行背景介绍.接着再改写题目表示.最终说:有利有弊;或说利大于弊或弊大于利.(当然利弊孰大观点能够留在最终总结段点明.比如:3月14日Moreandmorestudentschoosetogotoanothercountryfortheirhighereducation.Doyouthinkthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsassociatedwithit?引言段:(参看基础P97)第一句:背景说明:Peopleslivingstandardshasimprovedovertheyearsandmanyparentstendtopaymoreattentiontotheirchildrenseducation.第二句:引出话题(改写原题)Therefore,anincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplechoosetogoabroadtopursuetheirhighereducation.第三句:点明立场:Franklyspeaking,studyingoverseashasbothitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.第14页引言段示例2.1.14Therearesocial,medical,andtechnicalproblemsassociatedwiththeuseofmobilephones.Whatformsdotheytake?Doyouagreethattheproblemsoutweighthebenefitsofmobilephones?引言段:(原创)第一句:背景介绍Withtheimprovementofpeopleslivingstandardsaswellastheadvancementoftechnology,variouskindsofmachinesorinstrumentsareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife.Forexample,mobilephonesaresowidelyusedthatwecannotimagineourlifewithoutthem.第二句:引出话题(改写原句)However,theprevalentuseofmobilephonesalsocausesmyriadsofsocial,medical,andtechnicalproblems.第三句:点明立场Yetinspiteoftheirdrawbacks,Ihavetosaymobilesphonesismorehelpfulthanharmfulinoureverydaylife.87w第15页引言段演练1.2.11Inmanycountries,theproportionofolderpeopleissteadilyincreasing.Doesthistrendhavemorepositiveornegativeeffectsonthesociety?引言段演练第一句:背景介绍Withtheimprovementoflivingstandardsaswellastheadvancementofmedicaltechnology,regularpeoplecanliveamuchlongerlifethaneverbefore.第二句:引出话题(改写原句)Therefore,manycountrieshavewitnessedasteadyincreaseinthepercentageofpopulationofseniorcitizens.第三句:点明立场Thistrend,ofcourse,hasbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonthesociety.57w第16页引言段演练25月30日Fossilfuels(coal,oil,naturalgas)arethemainsourcesinmanycountries,butinsomecountriestheuseofalternativesourcesofenergy(windenergyandsolarenergy)areencouraged.Towhatextentdoyouthinkitisapositiveornegativedevelopment?引言段演练:第17页引言段演练35月30日Fossilfuels(coal,oil,naturalgas)arethemainsourcesinmanycountries,butinsomecountriestheuseofalternativesourcesofenergy(windenergyandsolarenergy)areencouraged.Towhatextentdoyouthinkitisapositiveornegativedevelopment?Astheglobalpopulationexpandsandeconomiesaroundtheworldcontinuetogrow,therehasbeenanincreasing/surgingdemandforallsourcesoffuels.Asamatteroffact,fossilfuelsaresoimportantinourcontemporaryworld,theirconsumptionaccountsformorethanhalfoftheworldsfueldemandintotal.Butsomecountriesareattachinggreaterimportancetotheuseofalternativesourcesofenergynowadaysandareincreasingtheuseofthemyearbyyear.Speakingofthistrend,Ibelievethatitsadvantagesfaroutweighitsdisadvantages.(95w)第18页