考点语法构词法省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

构词法构词法第1页知识网络知识网络(见书见书P201)P201)第2页熟读深思熟读深思Johnandhisfatherneveragreeononething,sotheyoftendisapprove1ofeachother,fortherewassomemisunderstanding2betweenthem.Once,Johnandhisparentswenttohisauntshomefordinner.Whentheyleftafterdinner,Johnsaid“Bye-bye!”tohisauntinalowvoice.However,hisfatherdidnthearitandhethoughtJohnmisbehaved3himselfforitwasimpolite4toleavewithoutsayinggoodbye.Johninsistedthathedidsayit,buthisfatherdidntlistentohim.Fromthenon,Johnwasunfriendly5tohisfather,whichmadehisfatherextremelyunhappy6.第3页Undoubtedly7,itisunwise8ofJohntodoso.Afterall,theyarefatherandson.Hisfathersenthimtoaclassofmannerstoenrich9hisknowledgeofmanners,whichhisfatherbelievedwouldenable10himtobeagood-manneredboy.Johnsfathersaidhewasangryathissonsdishonesty11,whichwouldcertainlyendanger12hisfuture.Hisfathersnonstop13nonsensecausedJohnmuchdiscomfort14.Johnhadtogototheclass.Lateron,hedideverythingagainsthisfatherswill.第4页 汉语译文：汉语译文：约翰和父亲总有分歧，所以他约翰和父亲总有分歧，所以他们经常不赞同对方想法，因为他们之间有一些们经常不赞同对方想法，因为他们之间有一些误会。一次，约翰和父母去姑姑家吃饭。晚饭误会。一次，约翰和父母去姑姑家吃饭。晚饭后当他们离开时，约翰小声对姑姑说后当他们离开时，约翰小声对姑姑说“再见再见!”!”然而，他父亲没听到，他认为约翰不懂规矩然而，他父亲没听到，他认为约翰不懂规矩,不不告而别是非常不礼貌。约翰坚持说他确实说了，告而别是非常不礼貌。约翰坚持说他确实说了，但他父亲不听。从此，约翰对父亲很不友善，但他父亲不听。从此，约翰对父亲很不友善，这使他父亲非常不高兴。这使他父亲非常不高兴。第5页毫无疑问，约翰这么做是不明智。毕竟，毫无疑问，约翰这么做是不明智。毕竟，他们是父子。他父亲把他送去上礼仪班以他们是父子。他父亲把他送去上礼仪班以丰富他礼仪知识，他父亲认为这么做会使丰富他礼仪知识，他父亲认为这么做会使他成为一个懂礼貌男孩。约翰父亲说对于他成为一个懂礼貌男孩。约翰父亲说对于儿子不老实他感到很生气，他不老实当然儿子不老实他感到很生气，他不老实当然会危及他未来。父亲不间断唠叨让约翰很会危及他未来。父亲不间断唠叨让约翰很不舒适。约翰不得不去上课。今后，他总不舒适。约翰不得不去上课。今后，他总是和父亲对着干。是和父亲对着干。第6页熟读深思熟读深思1.dis表示表示“相反或否定相反或否定”意义前缀意义前缀dis能够加在动词前能够加在动词前面面,approve赞同赞同disapprove不赞同不赞同,反对。反对。2.mis表示表示“错误或否定错误或否定”意义前缀意义前缀mis能够加在动词能够加在动词前面，前面，understand了解了解misunderstand误解，误解，misunderstanding是其名词形式。是其名词形式。3.mis表示表示“糟糕或否定糟糕或否定”意义前缀意义前缀mis能够加在动词能够加在动词前面前面,behave表现得体表现得体misbehave行为不端。行为不端。4.im前缀前缀im通常加在以字母通常加在以字母p开头形容词前，表示开头形容词前，表示“不、非不、非”意思，意思，polite有礼貌有礼貌impolite没礼貌，而同没礼貌，而同是表示是表示“不、非不、非”前缀前缀il常加在以字母常加在以字母l开头单词前；前开头单词前；前缀缀ir则常加在以字母则常加在以字母r开头单词前。开头单词前。第7页58.un前缀前缀un通常加在形容词前或通常加在形容词前或加后缀才得来形容词或副词前面，表示加后缀才得来形容词或副词前面，表示“不、非不、非”意思，意思，friendly友好友好unfriendly不友好，不友好，happy开心开心unhappy不开心不开心。910.en前缀前缀en通常加在形容词前面，通常加在形容词前面，表示表示“使使”意思，意思，rich丰富丰富enrich使丰富，使丰富，使充实；使充实；able能够能够enable使能够使能够。普通前缀不。普通前缀不会改变词性，但前缀会改变词性，但前缀en会改变所加单词词性会改变所加单词词性。第8页11.dis表示表示“相反或否定相反或否定”意义前缀意义前缀dis能够能够加在名词前面，加在名词前面，honesty老实老实dishonesty不老实。不老实。12.en前缀前缀en也能够加在名词前面，表也能够加在名词前面，表示示“使使”意思，意思，danger危险危险endanger危危及。及。13.non前缀前缀non组成形容词、副词和名组成形容词、副词和名词，表示词，表示“无、没有无、没有”意思。意思。14.dis表示表示“相反或否定相反或否定”意义前缀意义前缀dis能够能够加在名词前面，加在名词前面，comfort舒适舒适discomfort不舒适。不舒适。第9页 构词法与高考构词法与高考 1.阅读了解中考纲词派生词与合成词不算阅读了解中考纲词派生词与合成词不算生词，不用汉语注明。所以，熟练掌握考生词，不用汉语注明。所以，熟练掌握考纲词汇和掌握常见构词法，阅读这一关就纲词汇和掌握常见构词法，阅读这一关就好突破了。好突破了。2.语法填空中必考词类转换。考查不一样语法填空中必考词类转换。考查不一样词性在句中不一样使用方法，其中主要包词性在句中不一样使用方法，其中主要包括以下三条：括以下三条：在句中修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或在句中修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或全句等作状语，用副词。全句等作状语，用副词。第10页在句中作定语、表语或补语，普通在句中作定语、表语或补语，普通用形容词。用形容词。作主语、作及物动词或者介词宾语，作主语、作及物动词或者介词宾语，用名词。用名词。3.短文改错中也必考不一样词性在句中短文改错中也必考不一样词性在句中不一样使用方法。不一样使用方法。第11页1.()He must be _(mental)disabled.解析：修饰分词形容词disabled，作状语，用副词形式，故填mentally。近年广东高考真题：近年广东高考真题：3.()His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.解析：修饰谓语动词smiled，作状语，用副词形式，故填warmly。第12页4.(年)But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.解析：在that引导宾语从句中作主语应该用名词，或者说，在形容词性物主代词后，一定是用名词形式，故填choice。5.()This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.解析：在名词course前作定语，要用形容词，故填natural。第13页1.Iwassupposedtoarriveattheairportontime._(fortunate),Iwasheldupbytheheavytrafficjam.2.Therefore,whentheybecomeoldertheyare_(able)todoanyotherkindofwork.unableunfortunately灵活利用灵活利用第14页3.Veryearlythenextmorning,amazingly,wegotcompletelysatisfiedinatotally_(expect)way.4.Iwontdothepurchasebecausethepriceofthisdressis_(reason).unreasonableunexpected第15页5.Job_(apply)needtoshowtheirabilitytobebothorganizedandflexibleintakingonmanytasksatthesametime.6.Allfactsarethesourceof_(conclude).conclusionsapplicants第16页7.However,most_(science)agreethatEQhasalottodowith_(educate).8.Excellentoralandwritten_(communicate)skillsinChineseandEnglishareof_(important).importancescientistseducationcommunication第17页9.Freshfruitsandvegetablescanprovidemuchofourdaily_(require).10.Itisyour_(free)todowhatyouwantafterclass.freedomrequirement第18页11.Asisknowntousall,theEntranceExamisagreat_,andthestudentsare_.(compete)12.Iam_(thank)toyouforyourhelp.13.Hegavemesome_(construct)suggestions.thankfulcompetitioncompetitorsconstructive第19页14.Ajurysdecisioninacourtcasemustbeabsolutely_(object).15.Hedevotedmuchmoneytobuildingschoolsin_(mountain)areas.16.Unfortunately,mycarbrokedownona_(mud)road.muddyobjectivemountainous第20页17.Everyoneshouldplayhispartinbuildinga_(harmony)society.18.The_(mystery)lettersentfromTaiwanmadetheprofessorlostinthought.19.Tomakemyself_,Iwoulddosome_exerciseafterwork.(relax)relaxingharmoniousmysteriousrelaxed第21页20.Allthechildrenfelt_whentheyheardthe_news.(discourage)21.We_(apology)forthelatedepartureofthisflight.apologizeddiscourageddiscouraging第22页22.Thearticlecan_(long)outalittlebyaddingsomeexamples.23.Hisillness_(worse)duringthenight.24.Lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident;youdidit_(intention).intentionallylengthenworsened第23页25.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheirfreedom_(brave).26.Ourproductsaresold_,(world).27.Hewentoutoftheoffice_(hurry)torunafterher.hurriedlybravelyworldwide第24页28.Ilostmybalanceandfell_(back).29.Theyliveinthe_(west)partofthevillage.30.Itsveryimportanttoeat_(health).healthilybackwardwestern第25页二二、语语篇篇填填空空阅阅读读以以下下短短文文，按按照照句句子子结结构构语语法法性，用括号中所性，用括号中所给词语给词语正确形式填空。正确形式填空。A father sat at his desk looking at andcarefullystudyinghis1._(month)billswhen his young son rushed in and announced,“Dad,becausethisisyourbirthdayandyoure55yearsold,Imgoingtogiveyou55kisses,oneforeachyear!”Butthefatherexclaimed,“Oh,Andrew,dontdoitnow;Imtoobusy!”monthly第26页Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell2._(silence)as tears flew down from his big blueeyes.3._(apologetical)thefathersaid,“Youcanfinishlater.”Theboysaidnothingbut4._(quiet)walkedaway,5._(disappoint)written over his face.That evening the fathersaid,“Comeandfinishthekissesnow,Andrew!”Buttheboydidntrespond.silentApologeticallyquietlydisappointment第27页6._(fortunate),the boyhad an accident and was drowned.Hisheartbrokenfatherwrote“IfonlyIcouldtellhimhowmuchIregretmy7._(thought)words,andcouldbeassuredthatheknowshowmuchmyheartisaching.”Unfortunatelythoughtless第28页Loveisatwo-waystreet.Anylovingactmustbe8._(warm)acceptedoritwillbetakenas9._(reject)andcanleave ascar.Nothingismore 10._(importance)than respondingwithlovetothecryforlovefromthosewhoare near and precious to us.Becausetheremaybenochanceatallasinthecaseofthelittleboywarmlyrejectionimportant第29页一一个个小小孩孩在在父父亲亲55岁岁生生日日时时想想给给父父亲亲55个个吻吻，但但这这位位父父亲亲因因太太忙忙叫叫儿儿子子等等以以后后有有空空再再吻吻，几几天天后后这这个个小小男男孩孩不不幸幸溺溺水水身身亡亡,父父亲亲难难过过欲欲绝绝。故故事事告告诫诫我我们们，对对于于那那些些在在我我们们身身边边，对对我我们们弥弥足足宝宝贵贵人人，用用爱爱去去回回应应他他们们爱爱渴渴望望，这这最主要不最主要不过过了。了。1.monthly在在名名词词前前作作定定语语用用形形容容词词，表表示示“每每个月个月”填填monthly。2.silent在系在系动词动词felt后作表后作表语语用形容用形容词词。第30页3.Apologetically修修饰饰谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语用用副副词词。4.quietly修修饰谓语动词饰谓语动词作状作状语语用副用副词词。5.disappointment后后面面有有过过去去分分词词短短语语作定作定语语，应应是名是名词词。6.Unfortunately修修饰饰全全句句作作状状语语用用副副词词，溺水身亡是溺水身亡是“不幸地不幸地”。第31页7.thoughtless在名词前作定语用形在名词前作定语用形容词，依据文意，加表示否定意义后容词，依据文意，加表示否定意义后缀缀less。8.warmly修饰谓语作状语用副词。修饰谓语作状语用副词。9.rejection在介词后作宾语用名词。在介词后作宾语用名词。10.important在系动词在系动词is后作表语用后作表语用形容词形容词.第32页三、单句改错三、单句改错 1.Adifficultpersonwillbeeasiertocooperateifunderstandisachieved.understandunderstanding作主语作主语,用用名词。名词。2.Theactuallyreasonsforthisphenomenonarethesubjectofaveryheateddiscussion.actuallyactual作定语作定语,用形容词。用形容词。第33页3.Itssurprisedwhatpeoplewilldoformoney.surprisedsurprising因因-ing表示表示“令人令人(多为事多为事)”而而-ed则表示则表示“(人人)感到感到”。人们为了钱所做事情。人们为了钱所做事情“令人诧异令人诧异”。4.Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeepcalmly.calmlycalm作表语作表语,用形容词。用形容词。第34页5.Areyoubeingcompletelyhonestyaboutyourfeelings？honestyhonest作表语作表语,用形容词。用形容词。6.Iwasthrillingtobeinvited.thrillingthrilled我因为被邀请而感到我因为被邀请而感到兴奋。兴奋。第35页7.Hopeful,wellarrivebeforedark.HopefulHopefully作状语，修饰全作状语，修饰全句，用副词。句，用副词。8.Ifeltextremeupset,andIcouldntbelievemymotherrefusedtohelptheanimal.extremeextremely作状语，修饰形作状语，修饰形容词容词upset，用副词。，用副词。第36页9.Wasshetellingmethetrueortryingtocheatme?truetruth作宾语作宾语,用名词。用名词。10.Inthisincreasinglycompetitiveworld,wearesupposedtoenrichourselvesconstanttokeepinpacewiththemodernsociety.constantconstantly作状语，修饰动词作状语，修饰动词enrich，用副词。，用副词。第37页