2023年专四必考语法.doc

专四必考语法第2讲:反意疑问句时间:2023-11-28 13:31:55 来源:可可英语 编辑:Jasmine 英语很烂，元芳你怎么看？ | 可可微信 字号：大 | 中 | 小 网页划词已启动 评论 打印 收藏本文Tag Questions 反意疑问句Detailed Points一方面判断是助动词还是情态动词1. Have to反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有have to时，附加疑问句通常用助动词do。You have to study hard, dont you?I dont have to get up early, do I?They had to obey the rules and regulations of the school, didnt they?She didnt have to do it herself, did she?2. Need反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有need时，need做情态动词，附加疑问句仍用need，need做实义动词时，附加问句用助动词do。They neednt make such a loud noise, need they?He needs the money for his sons education, doesnt he?3. Had better反意疑问句的陈述部分为had better时，附加问用助动词had。You had better go at once, hadnt you?Wed better call off our appointment, hadnt we?4. Would rather反意疑问句的陈述部分为would rather时，附加问句用情态动词would。Youd rather not do it, would you?She would rather die than surrender to the enemy, wouldnt she?5. Used to反意疑问句的陈述部分为used to时，附加问句用助动词did。You used to stay up late every evening watching TV, didnt you?6. Ought to反意疑问句的陈述部分为ought to时，附加问句用助动词should.She ought to go by plane, shouldnt she?We ought not to laugh at othersmistakes, should we?7. Must反意疑问句的陈述部分有must，附加问句分三种情况：must domustntmust be随人称用系动词一般现在时must have donedidntWe must book the ticket in advance, mustnt we? （必须）She must be in the office, isnt she? （肯定）对现在事情的肯定猜测。He must have done his homework, didnt he? （肯定）对过去事情的肯定猜测。8. Wish反意疑问句的陈述部分是wish时，附加问句用情态动词may。I wish to shake hands with you, may I?人称和数1. 陈述部分主语是I时，附加问句的人称分二种情况：I hope that, dont you?I cant believe it, can you?I will be 14 tomorrow, arent I?I am interested in it, arent I?2.陈述部分主语是everything、nothing、something等时看作单数，附加问句用it指代。陈述部分主语是everyone、everybody、nobody、somebody、someone、no one 、anybody、anyone等时看作复数，附加问句用they指代。陈述部分主语是不定代词one时，附加问句用one指代。3.Nothing is amazing there,is it?Something will have to be done about the price,wont it?Nobody is leaving tomorrow,are they?Everyone hopes to get promoted,dont they?Someone left their umbrella in the bus, didnt they?One cant be too careful, can one?祈使句后面的附加问句1. 祈使句后面的附加问句，分三种情况；表客气、委婉、邀请、劝诱、愿望等时，用wont you 。Have a cup of coffee, wont you?表命令、强制的规定、请求时，用will you。Do it at once, will you?否认祈使句用will you 。Dont close the door, will you?2.Lets 和let us后面的附加问句，分两种情况；lets涉及对方在内，用shall we 或shant we。let us不涉及对方在内，用will you 或wont you。Let 后接非us之外的人称如me、him、her、them等时，附加问句用will you。3.(1)Let句型lets go to the movies, shall we?let us go to the movies, will you ?let him go, will you?let me attend the farewell party, will you?(2)There+be句型的反意疑问句There+be句型的反意疑问句，附加问句用be there/be not there，由主语人称时态和数决定。There wont be any trouble, will there?Theres not much news in todays paper, is there?There has been much confusion since his arrival, hasnt there?(3)This/that/It is/was the third time that句型This/that/It is/was the third time that等句型中，反意主句，用it指代。This is the third time this week he has been late, isnt it?It was the second time that she had been to the Great Wall, wasnt it?主从复合句1.I think (suppose)宾语从句结构，附加问句反意从句分两种情况；前肯定句，后用否认句。I think that he is serious, isnt he?前有否认句，后面附加问句用肯定(I dont think)。I dont suppose that she is serious, is she?上述主从复合句主句主语是第一人称以外的人称时，反意主句。They think Mary will pass the examination, dont they?2.I hope+宾语从句结构，附加问句用dont you。I hope that they study hard, dont you?感慨句后的附加问句感慨句后的附加问句指人时，根据人称、数决定用什么指代。指物时，根据单复数决定，用it /they指代。What an interesting story, isnt it?What a funny man, isnt he?How silly they are, arent they?您现在的位置： 首页 专业四级 专四语法 专四必备语法 正文专四必考语法第1讲:虚拟语气时间:2023-11-25 15:04:52 来源:可可英语 编辑:Jasmine 英语很烂，元芳你怎么看？ | 可可微信 字号：大 | 中 | 小 网页划词已启动 评论 打印 收藏本文 第 1 页：概述 第 2 页：讲解Section One: 概述General Information虚拟语气类型宾语从句状语从句名词性从句（主语从句，同位语从句， 表语从句）定语从句特殊类型 （感慨句）省略if 的虚拟法 （倒装）ExamplesThe rapid change of society requires that college students adapt to the world outside campusby getting to know the society.I would rather that you did nothing for the time being.I wish that I were a student again.I wished that I had followed his suggestion.名词性从句中的虚拟主语从句(it is +adj./p.p that)同位语从句(The +n. that )表语从句(n. +be that)省略if 的虚拟法 （倒装）(1)虚拟语气中假如从句引导词if / whether 省略，从句中需要倒装，提前助动词(系动词）或情态动词。Eg. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not be able to have the sports meeting.=Should it rain tomorrow, we should not be able to have the sports meeting.省略if 的虚拟法 （倒装）(2)Eg. Whether it (may) be fine or rainy, we would have the sports meeting.=Be it fine or rainy, we would have the sports meeting.If she had been given more information, she could have answered the questions.=Had she been given more information, she could have answered the questions.专四必考语法第1讲:虚拟语气时间:2023-11-25 15:04:52 来源:可可英语 编辑:Jasmine 英语很烂，元芳你怎么看？ | 可可微信 字号：大 | 中 | 小 网页划词已启动 PDF文献下载 评论 打印 收藏本文 第 1 页：概述 第 2 页：讲解Section Two: 详解& 总结Detailed Points & Summary虚拟语气的动词标志insist, suggest, require, request, demand, propose, prefer, maintain, move, urge,recommend, command, order等动词表建议、愿望时，其后宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。Should +Vwish其后宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的名词标志1 “necessity”或“suggestion”等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。2 名词word 表“命令”时，其后主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词需用虚拟语气 (should)+V。3 wish 作名词时其后主语从句，表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词需用虚拟语气(should)+V。虚拟语气的形容词标志It is + adj. that 句型中出现形容词如necessary, important, vital, decisive, critical, crucial,urgent, strange, desirable, advisable, disappointing, 或过去分词充当的形容词如suggested,proposed, advised, demanded, requested, required等时，that 句中用should + V 表达虚拟。虚拟的介词标志But for相称于if it had not been for。But for her help, I would have lost my way.Without, in the absence of 等组成的短语可相称于一个虚拟的条件从句。Without the light and heat of the sun, what would become of all the animals on earth?In the absence of water, plants would not grow well.Undercondition,也可相称于一个虚拟条件从句。Under more favorable conditions, we would have made more achievements.错综时间的虚拟条件状语从句中谓语动词的形式可与主句中谓语动词的形式不“配套”，即错综时间的虚拟。If he had done as I had suggested then, he wouldnt be regretful now.If they hadnt found us then, we would still be missing on the sea.If I hadnt made sufficient preparation for the exam then, I wouldnt be in college now.虚拟和事实（前虚拟后事实）标志: butEg. I would have gone to the party with you, but I was too busy.= If I hadnt been too busy, I would have gone to the party with you.（前事实后虚拟）标志: otherwiseEg. I was too busy then, otherwise I would have gone to the party with you.More Informationwas (were) +to have done （不定式完毕式）表达“本来想做而未做”后面通常but（陈述语气）。Eg. I was to have arrived home on time, but my car was held up by a bad traffic jam.had hoped表达过去未实现的愿望，其从句中谓语动词要用虚拟would+V。Eg. I had hoped that he would agree to lend me the money.