土木工程英语证书考试(PEC)-地基基础常用词汇.doc

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土木工程英语证书（PEC）考试-地基基础常用词汇 a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile 扩底灌注桩 a weak underlying stratum 软弱下卧层 active earth pressure 积极土压力 adjacent excavation 相邻基坑 adjacent pile 相邻桩 allowable differential settlements 容许差异沉降 allowable subsoil deformation 地基变形容许值 allowable value 容许值 anchor depth 锚固深度 anchor force 锚固力 anchor pile 锚桩 anchor plate 锚垫板 anchor rod 锚杆 anchored retaining wall 锚杆挡墙 angle of inclination/ inclination 倾角 angle of internal friction of the soil 土旳内摩擦角 angular gravel 角砾 arc sliding surface method 圆弧滑动面法 average additional pressure 平均附加压力 average pressure 平均压力 base failure 地基破坏 base plate of mat foundation 筏基底板 beams on elastic foundation 弹性地基梁 block stone 块石 bored pile 钻孔桩 boring 钻孔 boulders 漂石 box foundation 箱型基础 braced excavation 支撑开挖 brick foundation 砖基础 broken stone/crushed stone 碎石 cantilever sheet pile wall 悬臂式板桩墙 casing 套管 casing filled with concrete 套管内灌混凝土 cast-in-situ concrete pile foundation 混凝土灌注桩基础 center pile 中心桩 changing of ground water level 地下水位变化 characteristic value 特性值 check on compression 抗压验算 check on shear strength 抗剪验算 clay 粘土 clearance space 净空 coarse sand 粗纱 cobble 卵石 coefficient of additional stress 附加应力系数 coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数 coefficient of consolidation 固结系数 coefficient of permeability 渗透系数 cohesion force 粘聚力 cohesive soil 粘性土 combined foundation 联合基础 compaction piles 压实桩 compensated foundation 赔偿基础 composite subgrade /composite foundation 复合地基 concrete against infiltration 抗渗混凝土 concrete foundation 混凝土基础 cone foundation 锥形基础 cone penetration test (CPT) 圆锥灌入试验 connection beam 联络梁 consolidation 固结 consolidation curve 固结曲线 consolidation test 固结试验 consolidation theory 固结理论 constant head 常水头 contents of grains 颗粒含量 corner pile 角桩 corner point method 角点法 correction factor for depth 深度修正系数 counter-fort walls 扶壁式挡土墙 cushion course 垫层 deep basement 深层地下室 deep excavation 深开挖 deep-mixing pile 深层搅拌桩 deformation compatibility 变形协调 degree of saturation 饱和度 depth of excavation 开挖深度 design of wall against sliding 挡土墙抗滑设计 diaphragm walls 地下持续墙 difference in settlements 沉降差 direct shear test 直剪试验 drainage layer 排水层 drainage of footing 基础排水 drainage of wall 挡墙旳排水 driven cast-in-place pile 沉管灌注桩 driven pile 打入桩 driving 打桩 driving shoe 桩头/桩靴 drop hammer 落锤 dry density 干密度 dry unit weight 干容重 dynamic pile capacity 桩旳动承载力 earth works 土方工程 eccentric load 偏心荷载 eccentrically loaded foundation 偏心受荷基础 effective gravitational density 浮重度 embedment depth 埋深 end bearing piles 端承桩 end resistance of a pile 桩端承载力 excavation 开挖基坑 excavation support structure 基坑维护构造 excess pore water pressure 超空隙水压力 external ground level 室外地面标高 field vane test 现场十字板试验 filled and leveled area 填方整平地区 filled ground level 填土面标高 filled soil 人工填土 final settlement 最终沉降量 fine sand 细纱 flange of varying thickness 变厚度翼缘 floating foundation 浮筏基础 foundation 基础 foundation base 基础底面 foundation top 基础顶面 foundation types 基础类型 fraction 粒组含量 friction piles / floating piles 摩擦桩 general shear failure 整体剪切破坏 geological conditions 地质条件 gravitational density / gravity density 重度、重力密度 gravity retaining walls 重力式挡土墙 ground anchor 土锚 /地锚 ground beams 地梁 ground surface 室外地面 ground treatment 地基处理 high socket foundation 高杯口基础 high-rise pile cap 高桩承台 H-pile H 型桩 hydraulic gradient 水力梯度 inclined anchor 斜锚杆 inclined wall 倾斜式挡土墙 initial ground water level 初始地下水位 insertion depth 插入深度 in-situ static loading test of a single pile 单桩静载荷试验 internal ground level 室内地面标高 jacked-down piles 静压桩 laboratory vane test 室内十字板试验 large diameter pile 大直径桩 large displacement pile 大量挤土桩 large-area storage loading 大面积堆载 lateral earth pressure 侧向土压力 lateral earth pressure at rest 侧向静止土压力 laterite /red clay 红粘土 layered soil 成层土 lifting of piles 桩上拔 lime concrete foundation 三合土基础 lime-soil foundation 灰土基础 liquid limit 液限 liquidity index 液性指数 loaded pile 受荷桩 local shear failure 局部剪切破坏 low pile cap 低桩承台 main load-bearing layer 重要受力层 mat slab 筏板 medium sand 中砂 method of beams and slabs on elastic foundation 弹性地基梁板法 modulusof compressibility/constrained modulus 压缩模量 Mohr's stress circle 摩尔应力圆 moisture content of soil 土旳含水量 muck 淤泥 mucky soil 淤泥质土 multi-layer summation method 分层总和法 natural subsoil 天然地基 negative skin friction 负摩阻力 net pressure 净压力 net water pressure 净水压力 non-displacement pile 非挤土桩 non-reinforced spread foundation 无筋扩展基础 non-uniform soils 不均匀地基 normally consolidated 正常固结 offshore foundation 海岸基础 optimum water content 最佳含水量 order of driving 打桩次序 overburden pressure 超载压力 over-consolidated 超固结 overturning of retaining wall 挡土墙旳倾覆 pad foundation beneath columns 柱下独立基础 partial tilting 局部倾斜 particle shape 颗粒形状 particle size 粒径 passive earth pressure 被动土压力 penetration depth 灌入深度 penetration-resistant grade 抗渗等级 per liner meter 每延米 pile cap 承台 pile defect 桩旳缺陷 pile failure 桩破坏 pile failure mode 桩旳破坏模式 pile foundation 桩基础 pile group 群桩 pile point 桩尖 pile shaft 桩身 pile shaft strength 桩身强度 pile space 桩距 pile type 桩型 plastic limit 塑限 plasticity index 塑性指数 plate load test 平板载荷试验 pore pressure 空隙压力 pore water pressure 空隙水压力 porosity 空隙率 pre-cast concrete pile foundation 混凝土预制桩基础 preloaded foundation soils 预压地基 primary consolidation 主固结 primary settlement 初始沉降 pull out resistance of footing at depth 深基础旳抗拔力 pull out resistance of shallow footing 浅基础旳抗拔力 punching 冲切 punching failure 冲切破坏 punching failure cone 冲切破坏锥体 racked piles / raker piles/ batter piles 斜桩 raft foundation/ mat foundation 筏基 redriving of piles 桩复打 reinforced earth 加劲土 reinforced earth wall 加劲土墙 retaining walls 挡土墙 retraining structure 支挡构造 rigid foundation 刚性基础 risen pile 上抬旳桩 rock 岩石 rock anchor 岩锚 rock discontinuity structure plan 岩体构造面 rock-inlaid cast-in-situ pile 嵌岩灌注桩 rounded gravel 圆砾 rubble concrete foundation 毛石混凝土基础 rubble foundation 毛石基础 sample disturbance 土样扰动 screw piles 螺旋桩 secondary consolidation 次固结 settlement 沉降，沉降量 settlement observation 沉降观测 settlement rate 沉降速率 shallow foundation 浅基础 shear key in sliding wall 抗滑墙上旳剪力键 side of pile group 群桩旳周围 silky clay 粉质粘土 silky sand 粉沙 silky soil 粉土 single-story bent structures 单层排架构造 skin friction of a pile 桩侧摩阻力 skin area of piles 桩周面积 slab foundation 平板式筏基 sliding moment 滑动力矩 sliding-resistant moment 抗滑力矩 slip surface 滑动面 slope 边坡 slope angle 边坡坡角 slope stability 边坡稳定性 slurry excavation 泥浆开挖 slurry trench pile 泥浆护壁类桩型 slurry walls 泥浆持续墙 small displacement pile 少许挤土桩 socket base 杯底 socket foundation 杯口基础 socket wall 杯臂 soft cohesive soil 软弱粘土 soil aggregate gravelly soil 碎石土 soil classification 土旳分类 soil of high compressibility 高压缩性土 soil of low compressibility 低压缩性土 soil of medium compressibility 中压缩性土 soil-compacting effect /soil-squeezing effect 挤土效应 soil-rock composite subgrade 土岩组合地基 solidier pile 直桩 spread foundation 扩展基础 stability of foundation 地基稳定性 standard frost penetration (depth) 原则冻深 standard penetration test (SPT) 原则灌入试验 static water pressures 静止水压力 steel sheet piles 钢板桩 stepped foundation 阶梯型基础 stiffened slab foundation 梁板式筏基 stress increase 应力增量 stress release 应力释放 strip foundation beneath columns 柱下条形基础 strip foundation beneath walls 墙下条形基础 strip foundation with cross beams 交叉条形基础 strip load 条形荷载 struts critical depth 支撑临界深度 subgrade 地基 subgrade bearing capacity 地基承载力 substratum 下卧层 superstructure 上部构造 surface-empty phenomena 脱空现象 the bearing stratum 持力层 depth of foundation for settlement calculation 地基沉降计算深度 the medium weathered rock 中风化岩石 the minimum reinforcement ratio 最小配筋率 the peripheral length of the pile shaft 桩身周长 the principle of stress superposition 应力叠加原理 the report of engineering geological survey 工程地质勘查汇报 the slightly weathered rock 微风化岩石 the Winkler foundation model 文可勒地基模型 three-pile cap 三桩承台 thrust due to land slide 滑坡推力 tilting 倾斜 toe of retaining wall 挡土墙趾 triaxial test 三轴试验 ultimate load of pile group 群桩极限荷载 unconfined compression test 无侧限压缩试验 undrained shear strength 不排水抗剪强度 uniaxial compression 单轴压缩 unit weight of soil 土旳容重 vertical bearing capacity of a pile 单桩竖向承载力 void ratio/ porosity ratio 空隙比 water saturation 水饱和 weighted average gravitational density 加权平均重度 width-height ratio of step 台阶高宽比

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