华东师范大学外语学院《812翻译》历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2012年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2011年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2010年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2009年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题及详解2008年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题及详解2007年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题及详解2006年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2005年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2004年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2003年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2002年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2001年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2000年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题1999年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题1998年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2012年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2011年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2010年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题2009年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题及详解I.Translate the following into Chinese:(75分)A nobler want of man is served by nature,namely,the love of Beauty.The ancient Greeks called the world Koomos,beauty.Such is theconstitution of all things,or such the plastic power often human eye,that theprimary forms,as the sky,the mountain,the tree,the animal,give us a delightin and for themselves;a pleasure arising from outline,color motion,andgrouping.This seems partly owing to the eye itself.The eye is the best ofmists.By the mutual action of its structure and of the laws of light,perspective is produced,which integrates every mass of objects,of whatcharacter soever,into a well colored and shaded globe,so that where theparticular objects are mean and unaffecting;the landscape which theycompose is round and symmetrical.And as the eye is the best composer,solight is the first of painters.There is no object so foul that intense light willnot make beautiful.And the stimulus it affords to the sense,and a sort ofinfinitude which it has,like space and time,make all matter gay.Even thecorpse has its own beauty.But besides this general grace diffused overnature,almost all the individual forms are agreeable to the eye,as is provedby our endless imitations of some of them,as the acorn,the grape,the pine-cone,the wheat-ear,the egg,the wings and forms of most birds,the lionsclaw,the serpent,the butterfly,sea-shells,flames,clouds,buds,leaves,andthe forms of many trees,as the palm.All men are in some degree impressed by the face of the world;somemen even to delight.This love of beauty is Taste Others have the same lovein such excess,that,not content with admiring,they seek to embody it in newforms.The creation of beauty is Art.The production of a work of art throws a light upon the mystery ofhumanity.A work of art is an abstract or epitome of the world.It is the resultor expression of nature,in miniature.For although the works of nature areinnumerable and all different,the result or the expression of them all issimilar and single.Nature is a sea of forms radically alike and even unique.Aleaf,a sunbeam,a landscape,the ocean,makes an analogous impression onthe mind.What is common to them all,that perfectness and harmony,isbeauty The standard of beauty is the entire circuit of nature forms,the totalityof nature;which the Italians expressed by defining beauty“il piu nell uno.”Nothing is quite beautiful alone;nothing but is beautiful in the whole Asingle object is only so far beautiful as it suggests this universal grace.Thepoet,the palmer,the sculptor,the musician,the architect,seek each toconcentrate this radiance of the world on one point,and each in his severalwork to satisfy the love of beauty which stimulates him to produce.Thus isArt a nature passed through the alembic of man.Thus in art does Nature workthrough the will of a man filled with the beauty of her first works.The world thus exists to the soul to satisfy the desire of beauty.Thiselement I call an ultimate end.No reason can be asked or given why the soulseeks beauty.Beauty,in its largest and profoundest sense,is one expressionfor the universe.God is the all-fair.Truth,and goodness,and beauty,are butdifferent faces of the same All.But beauty in nature is not ultimate.It is theherald of inward and eternal beauty,and is not alone a solid and satisfactorygood.It must stand as a part,and not as yet the last or highest expression ofthe final cause of Nature.From R.W.Emerson:Beauty【参考译文】自然除了给人类提供基本需求，还满足了人类一种更高的要求，即人类爱美的天性。古希腊人称世界”为Koouos，意思就是“美”。万物的构成就是美的构成，或者说，这便是人的眼睛构形绘影的独特功能，因此，自然界一切基本形体，如天空、山岳、树本、乌兽，看了都让人觉得赏心悦目这种感觉来自万物的轮廓、色彩、运动与排列。能够产生这种感觉的部分原因，大约在于我们眼睛本身。眼睛是最出色的艺术家。眼睛的构造。配合光学原理，相互作用，乃产生了透视，因此任何一组物体，无论其为何种性质，我们一眼望去都觉得色彩分明，明暗有序，有立体感；个别物体也许平淡无奇，但一经组合，就成为对称而完整的景致。故构图之巧，莫过于人目；而设色敷彩之妙，则尤赖光线。无论任何令人生厌的物体，在强烈光照之下，都成美景。光线不但刺激视觉，而且同时空一样，无穷无尽，射及万物，所以光明使一切都显得欢乐。自然界不仅整体都在“美”的笼罩之下，其个体也几乎没有一样不是赛心悦目的，如橡子、葡萄、松果、麦穗、禽蛋、许多鸟的翅膀和形体，狮爪、蛇、蝴蝶、贝壳、火焰、云朵、蓓蕾、树叶以及棕榈之类形状各异的树木。自然界的美，人类多少都有感受。有些人甚至为之陶醉。爱美之心谭之“品味”。有些人爱之不已，觉得单是仰慕，犹有不足。进而创造新的形式，把美融入其中。美之创造，是为“艺术”。艺术品的创造，可以解释人生之奥秘。艺术品是宇宙的精华，也是世界的缩影，它是自然的产物。也是其具体而微的表现。所以宇宙的存在，是要满足灵魂爱美的欲望，这是宇宦的终极目的。无人能问也无人能解释灵魂为什么要追求美。从最广最深的意义上采说，美是宇宙的唯一的表瑚。II.Translate the following into English(75分)我与父亲不相见已二年余了，我最不能忘记的是他的背影那年冬天，祖母死了，父亲的差使也交卸了，正是祸不单行的日子。我从北京到徐州，打算跟着父亲奔丧回家。到徐州见着父亲，看见满院狼藉的东西，又想起祖母，不禁簌簌地流下眼泪。父亲说，“事已如此，不必难过，好在天无绝人之路!”回家变卖典质，父亲还了亏空；又借钱办了丧事。这些日子，家中光景很是惨澹，一半为了丧事，一半为了父亲赋闲。丧事完毕，父亲要到南京谋事，我也要回北京念书，我们便同行。到南京时，有朋友约去游逛，勾留了一日；第二日上午便须渡江到浦口，下午上车北去，父亲因为事忙，本已说定不送我，叫旅馆里一个熟识的茶房陪我同去他再三嘱咐茶房，甚是仔细。但他终于不放心，怕茶房不妥帖；颇踌躇了一会，其实我那年已二十岁，北京已来往过两三次，是没有甚么要紧的了。他踌躇了一会，终于决定还是自己送我去。我两三回劝他不必去，他只说，“不要紧，他们去不好!”我们过了江，进了车站。我买票，他忙着照看行李。行李太多了，得向脚夫行些小费，才可过去。他便又忙着和他们讲价钱。我那时真是聪明过分，总觉他说话不大漂亮，非自己插嘴不可，但他终于讲定了价钱；就送我上车他给我拣定了靠车门的一张椅子；我将他给我做的紫毛大衣铺好坐位。他嘱我路上小心，夜里要警醒些，不要受凉。又嘱托茶房好好照应我。我心里暗笑他的迂；他们只认得钱，托他们直是白托!而且我这样大年纪的人，难道还不能料理自己么?唉，我现在想想，那时真是太聪明了!近几年来父亲和我都是东奔西走，家中光景是一日不如一目他少年出外谋生。独力支持，做了许多大事。那知老境却如此颓唐!他触目伤怀，自然情不能自己。情郁于中，自然要发之于外；家庭琐屑便往往触他之怒，他待我渐渐不同往日。但最近两年的不见，他终于忘却我的不好，只是惦记着我。惦记着我的儿子。我北来后，饱写了一信给我，信中说道，“我身体平安，惟膀子疼痛厉害，举箸提笔，诸多不便，大约大去之期不远矣。”我读到此处，在品莹的泪光中，又看见那肥胖的，青布棉袍，黑布马褂的背影。唉!我不知何时再能与他相见!朱自清：背影【参考译文】It is more than two years since I saw my father last time,and what I cannever forget is the sight of his back.In the winter of more than two years ago,Grandma died and father lost his job.Misfortunes never come singly.I leftBeijing for xvzhou to join father in hastening home to attend grandmasfuneral.When I met father in xvzhou,the sight of the disorderly mess in hiscourtyard and the thought of grandma started tears trickling down my cheeks.Father said,“that thingsve come to such a pass,now not be too sad.Fortunately,Heaven always leaves one a way out.”After arriving home in Yangzhou,fater sold out all the fortunate in orderto pay off the debts.He also borrowed money to meet the funeral expenses.Between grandmas funeral and fathers unemployment,our family was thenin reduced circumstances.After the funeral was over,father was to go toNanjing to look for a job and I was to return to Beijing to study,so we startedout together.I spent the first day in nanjing strolling about with some friends at theirinvitation,and was ferrying across the Yangtse River to Pukou the same day.Father said he was too busy to go and see me off at the railway station,butwould ask a hotel waiter that he knew to accompany me there instead.Heurged the waiter again and again to take good care of me,but still did notquite trust him.He hesitated for quite a while about what to do.As a matterof fact,nothing would matter at all because I was then times.After somewavering,he finally decided that he himself would accompany me to thestation.I repeatedly tried to talk him out of it,but he only said,“never mind!It wont be comfortable for them to go there!”We entered the railway station after crossing the River.While I was atthe booking office buying a ticket,father saw to my luggage.There was quitea bit of luggage and he had to bargain with the porter over the fee.I was thensuch a smark aleck that I frowned upon the way father was haggling and onthe verge of chipping in a few words when the bargain was finally clinched.Getting on the train with me,he picked me a seat close to the carriage door.Ispread on the eat the brownish furlined overcoat he had got tailor made forme.He told me to be watchful on the way and be careful not to catch cold atnight.He also asked the train attendants to take good care of me.I sniggeredat father for being so impractical;for it was utterly useless to entrust me tothose attendants,who cared for nothing but money.Besides,it was certainlyno problem for a person of my age to look after himself.Oh,when I come tothink of it,I can see how smarty I was in those days!In recent years,I have been living an unsettled life,so did my father,andthe circumstances of our family going from bad to worse.Father left home tomake a life when young and did achieve quite a few things all on his own.Tothink that he should now be so downcast in old age,the discouraging state ofaffairs filled him with an uncontrollable feeling of deep sorrow,and his pent-up emotion had to find a vent.That is why even mere domestic trivialitieswould often make him angry,and meanwhile he became less and less nicewith me.However,the separation of the last two years has made him moreforgiving towards me.He keeps thinking about me and my son.After Iarrived in Beijing,he wrote me a letter,in which he says,“Im all rightexcept for a severe pain in my arm.I even have trouble using chopsticks orwriting brushes.Perhaps it wont be long now before I depart this life.”Through the glistening tears which these words had brought to my eyes Iagain saw the back of fathers corpulent form in the dark blue cotton-paddedcloth long gown and the black cloth mandarin jacket.Oh,Im not sure when Icould see him again!2008年华东师范大学外语学院812翻译考研真题及详解I.Translate the following into Chinese:(75 points)One sunny morning in June in the 1810s,there drove up to the gatesof Miss Pinkertons academy for young ladies,a large family coach.“It isMrs.Seldleys coach,sister,”said Miss Jemima.“Have you completed all thenecessary preparations for Miss Sedleys departure?I trust you have made acopy of Miss Sedleys account.Be kind enough to address it to John Sedley,and to seal this letter that I have written to his lady,”said Miss Pinkertonherself.Miss Sedley was a lovely young lady.She had such a kind,generousheart that she won the love of everyone who came near her.Her face blushedwith rosy health and her eyes sparkled with the brightest and honestest good-humor.Miss Pinkerton spoke highly of her in the letter and it completed,shebegan to write her own name and Miss Sedleys on the first page of aJohnsons Dictionary,which she always presented to her pupils on theirdeparture.Miss Jemima,with rather a timid air,handed her sister a second copyof the book.“For Becky Sharp,”said she,“shes going too.”“Miss Jemima!”exclaimed Miss Pinkerton,“Are you in your sense?Replace the dictionary inthe closet.”Miss Sedleys father was a merchant in London and a man of somewealth,while Miss Sharp was an articled student,for whom Miss Pinkertonthought she had done enough,without conferring upon her the honor of thedictionary.Miss Sharps father was an artist,and had given lessons of drawing atMiss Pinkertons school.He was a clever man but with a habit of runninginto debt.He married a French opera girl.When both her parents died,Rebecca was seventeen and came to Miss Pinkertons school as an articledstudent.She was small and thin;pale,sandy-haired,and with eyes habituallycast down:when they looked up they were very large,odd and attractive.Thehappiness,the superior advantage of the young women about her,gaveRebecca an inexpressible feeling of envy.“I am a thousand times clevererand more charming than most of them,yet everybody ignores me.”Shedetermined at any rate to change her fate.She took advantage of the means of study that was offered to her andwent through the little course of education considered necessary for youngladies at those days.Her music she practiced continuously,and one day shewas overheard to play a piece so well that Miss Pinkerton thought she couldspare herself the expense of a master for the juniors and told Miss Sharp thatshe was to instruct them in music.To the astonishment of the headmistress,the girl refused.“I am here to speak French with the children,”Rebecca said,“not to teach them music,and save money for you.Give me money,and Iwill teach them.”The lady was obliged to yield,though she spoke of havingnourished a snake in her chest.“There is no question of gratitude between us,”was Rebeccasanswer,“You took me because I was useful.Give me a sum of money andget rid of me,or,if you like better,get me a good place as governess in anoblemans family.”As Miss Pinkerton could not cancel her contract withoutmaking some payment,she at last,hearing that Sir Pitt Crawleys family wasin want of a governess,actually recommended Miss Sharp for the post.Thus the world began for these two young ladies.Invited by thegentle,tender-hearted Amelia,the only person with whom she could havesome kind of friendship,Rebecca was to stay with the Sedleys for ten daysbefore she took the new job.From Vanity Fair by W.M.Thackery【参考译文】在1810年六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，平克顿女子学校的大铁门前面来了一辆宽敞的私人马车。吉米玛小姐说：“姐姐，赛特笠太太的马车来了。”“赛特笠小姐离校以前的必要手续办好没有，吉米玛小姐？我想你已经把赛特笠小姐的费用单子抄出来了，请你在信封上写上约翰赛特笠先生的名字，把我写给他太太的信也封进去。”说话的是是平克顿小姐本人。赛特笠小姐是一位可爱的年轻小姐。她心地厚道，性格温柔可疼，周围的人没一个不爱她。她脸色红润，显得很健康，嘴角卷着甜迷迷的笑容，明亮的眼睛里闪闪发光，流露出最真诚的快活。平克顿小姐在信里高度称赞了她。信写完之后，平克顿小姐在一本约翰逊字典的首页上写了她自己的和赛特笠小姐的名字。凡是学生离开，她从来不忘记把这本著作相赠。吉米玛小姐带着迟疑不决的样子，小心翼翼的把第二本也递给她，“给蓓基夏泼，”吉米玛说道，“她也要走了。”平克顿小姐大声嚷道：“吉米玛小姐，你疯了吗？把字典仍旧搁在柜子里！”赛特笠小姐的爸爸在伦敦做买卖，手里很有几个钱，而夏泼小姐不过是学校里的实习生，平克顿小姐认为自己已经给了她不少好处，不必再在分手的时候特别抬举她，送她字典。夏泼小姐的父亲是个画家，在平克顿女学校教过图画。他是个聪明人，可是老是东借西挪欠下账目。他娶了一个唱歌剧的法国女人。当她的父母都死后，丽贝卡才17岁，接着就来到平克顿女子学校半教半读。她身量瘦小，脸色苍白，头发是淡黄色的。她惯常低眉垂目，抬起眼来看人的时候，眼睛显得很特别，不但大，而且动人。看见她周围的小姐们那么福气，享受种种权利，说不出的眼红。“我比她们绝大多数人都要聪明可爱一千倍，但是大家对我却视而不见”，丽贝卡决心无论如何都要改变自己的命运。她利用学校给她的便利发奋求学，很快得到了当时上流小姐必须具备的知识。她不断的练琴，有一天，有人听见她弹琴，那技巧非常高明。平克顿小姐因此得了个聪明的主意，她叫夏泼小姐教低班学生弹琴，借此可以省掉一个音乐教员。女孩子一口拒绝，这把校长吓了一跳。丽贝卡不客气的回答道：“我的责任是给小孩儿说法文，不是教她们音乐给你省钱的。给我钱，我就教。”平克顿小姐只能让步，尽管她说她在胸口养了一条毒蛇。夏泼小姐答道：“咱们两个之间谈不到感恩不感恩的话。我有用，你才收留我。给我点儿钱，打发我走吧。要不，在贵族人家给我找个位置当家庭教师也行”。如果不给些补偿，平克顿小姐是解除不了丽贝卡的契约的，最终，当她听说毕脱克劳莱爵士家里需要家庭教师时，她竟然举荐了夏泼小姐。两个姑娘从此开始做人。受到性格温和、心地厚道的阿米莉亚的邀请，阿米莉亚是惟一一个跟她有些交情的人，丽贝卡在开始她的新工作前将要在赛特笠家住十天。摘自萨克雷：名利场II.Translate the following into English:(75 points)(A)(40 points)据说“女朋友”就是“情人”的学名，说起来庄严些，正像攻瑰花在生物学上叫“蔷薇科木本复叶植物”，或者休妻的法律术语是“协议离婚”。方鸿渐陪苏小姐在香港玩了两天，才明白女朋友跟情人事实上绝然不同。苏小姐是最理想的女朋友，有头脑，有身份，态度相貌算得上大家闺秀，和她同上饭馆戏院并不失自己的面子。他们俩虽然十分亲密，方鸿渐自信对她的情谊到此而止，好比两条平行的直线，无论彼此距离怎么近，拉得怎么长，终合不拢来成为一体。只有九龙上岸前看她害羞脸红的一刹那，心忽然软得没力量跳跃，以后便没有这个感觉。他发现苏小姐有不少小孩子脾气，她会顽皮，会娇痴，这是他一向没想到的。可是不知怎样，他老觉得这种小妞儿腔跟苏小姐不顶配。并非因为她年龄大了：她比鲍小姐大不了多少，并且当着心爱的男人，每个女人都有返老还童的绝技。只能说是品格上的不相宜：譬如小猫打圈儿追自己的尾巴，我们看着好玩儿，而小狗也追寻过去地回头跟着那短尾巴撅乱转，就风趣减少了。那几个一路同船的学生看小方才去了鲍小姐，早换上苏小姐，对他打趣个不亦乐乎。摘自钱钟书：围城【参考译文】It is said that“girl friend”is the scientific term for sweet heart,making itsound more dignified,just as the biological name for rose is“rosaceaedicotyledonous,”or the legal term for divorcing ones wife is“negotiatedseparation by consent.”Only after Fang Hung-chien had escorted Miss Suaround Hong Kong for a couple of days did he realize that a girl friend and asweetheart were actually two completely different things.Miss Su was theideal girl friend,with the brains,the status,the poise,and looks of a girl ofgood family.Going to restaurants and theaters with her was no cause fordisgrace.Though they were quite close,he was confident his friendship withher would develop no further.Like two parallel lines,no matter