广西民族大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2011年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2015年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2016年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2017年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2018年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年广西民族大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part.Basic English Knowledge(30 points)Section A:Multiple-choice(20 points)Directions:There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answer to each question.Mark your answers on the answersheet.1.Outside my office window there is a fire _ on the right.A.escapeB.ladderC.stepsD.stairsA【答案】句意：我办公室窗户外面有一个安全出口。本题考查的是固定搭配。fire escape安全出口。【解析】2.The form and physiology of leaves vary according to _ in whichthey develop:for example,leaves display a wide range of adaptations todifferent degrees of light and moisture.A.speciesB.sequenceC.patternsD.environmentD【答案】句意：叶子的形态和生理形状会根据其所处的（环境）改变而发生变化：举例来说，叶子对不同的光照和湿度都会表现出很多不同范围的适应性变化。我们应直接从for example中提取线索。后面在说光照和湿度对叶子的影响。而光照和湿度又属于环境的一部分，所以空格应该填入“环境”的相关概念。本题考查的是词义辨析，environment环境。species物种；种类。sequence顺序，pattern模式。【解析】3.The best known of all the Arctic birds,_.A.birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB.being ptarmigans and birdwatchers favoritesC.favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD.ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchersD【答案】句意：雪松鸟是最有名的北极鸟，也最受观鸟者的喜爱。本题考查的是非谓语动词的用法，前半句的非谓语动词是the bestknown.，说明主语与know是被动关系，故主语只能是ptarmigans。B、C选项放入空中，整个句子没有主语。A的主语是birdwatcher，birdwatchers是有名的北极鸟说不通。故答案为D。【解析】4.The childrens _ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A.introvertedB.blitheC.phlegmaticD.mercurialD【答案】句意：家长的性情很平和，但是孩子却很善变，二者之间形成了一个强烈的对比。本题考查的是词义辨析。由题意可知，该空应该填的是even-tempered的反义词，even-tempered性情平和的；不易激动的。mercurial雄辩机智的；活泼善变的，反复无常的。故D项为正确答案。introverted内向的。blithe愉快的。快乐无忧的。phlegmatic冷淡的；迟钝的。【解析】5.By _ scientific rigor with a quantitative approach,researchers inthe social sciences may often have limited their scope to those narrowlycircumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods.A.equatingB.vitiatingC.identifyingD.underminingC【答案】句意：研究员们认定定量研究非常严格，故而将研究范围【解析】缩小，只研究那些适合定量研究的题目。本题考查的是词义辨析。identify.with认为等同于，与一致。equate.with.把等同；使相等；同等相待。vitiate损害，弄坏。undermine破坏，渐渐破坏。6.If a species of parasite is to survive,the host organisms live longenough for the parasite to _;if the host species becomes _,so do itsparasites.A.reproduce,extinctB.atrophy,healthyC.succumb,nonviableD.mate,infertileA【答案】句意：如果一种寄生虫的物种要存活下去，寄主生物就必须活的足够的长来让寄生虫（繁殖），如果寄主生物（死亡）的话，寄生虫同样会死亡。本题考查的是词义辨析。reproduce复制；繁殖。extinct灭绝的，绝种的。atrophy萎缩。萎缩症。healthy健康的。succumb屈服；死。nonviable不能存活的。mate使配对；使一致。infertile不肥沃的；不毛的。【解析】7.Those who fear the influence of television deliberately _ itspersuasive power,hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential toeffect social change from being widely disseminated.A.promoteB.underplayC.laudD.suspectB【答案】句意：那些惧怕电视的影响力的人故意淡化它的作用，它可以带来社会层面上的变化，那些人希望这点不要在社会上传播地太快。本题考查的是词义辨析，由deliberately我们知道该应填入贬义词，underplay表演不充分；对轻描淡写。promote促进；提升。laud赞美；称赞。suspect怀疑；猜想。【解析】8.High software prices are frequently said to _ widespread illegalcopying,although the oppositethat high prices are the cause of the copyingis equally plausible.A.contribute toB.result fromC.correlate withD.explainB【答案】句意：盗版软件到处都是，所以正版软件价格变得特别贵，但也有相反的说法，因为正版软件太贵，所以才导致了抄袭甚嚣尘上，两种说法都挺能让人信服的。本题考查的是短语辨析。result from.起因于；由造成。由题意看，该空应该选择cause的反义词，故答案为B。contribute to有助于；捐献。correlate with找出一一对应的关系。explain解释，说明。【解析】9.She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that _.A.he catches coldB.he should catch coldC.he caught coldD.he be catching coldB【答案】句意：为了防止孩子感冒，她又拿了一条毯子盖在宝宝身上。本题考查的是for fear that的用法。for fear that后接虚拟语气，（should）动词原形。【解析】10.A computer program can provide information in ways that studentsto _ learning instead of being merely _ of knowledge.A.accede to,recipientsB.participate in,recipientsC.profit from,beneficiariesD.compensate for,custodiansB【答案】句意：电脑程序能够为学生提供信息让他们参加学习当中去，而不是被动地接受知识。本题考查的是词义辨析。participate in参加，加入。recipient接受者；容纳者。符合题意，故B项为正确答案。accede to加入；同意；就任。profit from得益于，利用。beneficiary受益人，受惠者。compensate for赔偿，补偿。custodian管理人；监护人。【解析】11.Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise injuvenile _ and drug taking.A.delinquencyB.mistakeC.evilD.crimeA【答案】句意：有关机构已经开始开展运动打击日渐上升的青少年犯罪和吸毒行为。本题考查的是固定搭配。juvenile delinquency少年违法犯罪。mistake错误；误会。evil罪恶，邪恶。crime罪行，犯罪。【解析】12.It is very discourteous to be _ during someones conversation.A.in the wayB.in a wayC.leading the wayD.giving wayA【答案】句意：打断别人说话是非常不礼貌的。本题考查的是短语辨析。in the way妨碍；挡道。in a way在某种程度上；有点儿。lead theway带路，示范。give way让路；撤退；倒塌。【解析】13.Australians launched into a shopping spree to _ the countryseconomic excess.A.oppressB.curbC.disturbD.lay downB【答案】句意：澳大利亚举办了一场购物狂欢节以控制经济过剩。本题考查的是词义辨析。curb控制；勒住。oppress压迫，压抑。disturb打扰；妨碍，lay down放下；制定。【解析】14.Only a _ of these huge stocks need to go missing to causehavoc.A.pieceB.fragmentC.fractionD.fractureC【答案】句意：要想造成大破坏，库存的一小部分消失就足够了。本题考查的是固定搭配。a fraction of一小部分；一部分。a piece of一片，一块。a fragment of一块的碎片。a fracture of的断裂。【解析】15.The outward _ may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads inthe United States.A.departureB.exodusC.contagionD.fadeB【答案】句意：美国国内反移民情绪上涨，大批的美国人离开美国。本题考查的是词义辨析。exodus大批离去。departure离开；出发。contagion传染病；蔓延。fade褪色；凋谢；逐渐消失。【解析】16.Sales of personal computers are _ on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A.plumpingB.buoyantC.sluggishD.feebleB【答案】句意：个人电脑在大西洋两岸都很火爆，它们已是最热销的电子产品了。本题考查的是词义辨析。buoyant有浮力的；上涨的。plumping猛地下降的。sluggish萧条的；迟钝的。feeble微弱的，无力的。【解析】17.The consumer felt _ in asking for$10,000 compensation fortwo months without getting a reliable television.A.hypocriticalB.meticulousC.justifiedD.satisfiedC【答案】句意：消费者认为，在两个月内没有得到一台质量可靠的电视机而要求一万美元的赔偿是正当的。本题考查的是词义辨析。justified有正当理由的；合乎情理。hypocritical虚伪的。meticulous一丝不苟的；小心翼翼的。satisfied满意的。【解析】18.His employers could not complain about his work because he was_ in the performance of his duties.A.derelictB.penetratingC.diversifiedD.assiduousD【答案】句意：他的老板不会抱怨他工作不认真，因为他非常勤勉。本题考查的是词义辨析。assiduous刻苦的，勤勉的。derelict玩忽职守的；无主的。penetrating尖锐的；有洞察力的。diversified多样化的；【解析】各种的。19.The body and mind are _ interwoven in all of us;they cannot beseparated.A.inaptlyB.inextricablyC.inaccuratelyD.inadequatelyB【答案】句意：我们的身体和思想密不可分。本题考查的是词义辨析。inextricably密不可分地。inaptly笨拙地；不适当地。inaccurately不准确地；不正确地。inadequately不适当地；不够好地。【解析】20.As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violentthunderstorm was _.A.immediateB.eminentC.imminentD.instantaneousC【答案】句意：天色黑了下来，一场暴风雨即将来临。本题考查的是词义辨析。imminent即将来临的；迫近的。immediate立即的；直接【解析】的。eminent杰出的；有名的。instantaneous瞬间的；即时的。21.If you are hard-up,you are _.A.callousB.short of moneyC.quick-temperedD.harshB【答案】句意：如果你手头紧，那么说明你缺钱了。本题考查的是词义辨析。hard-up的意思是“缺钱，手头紧”。short of money意为“缺钱”，故为正确答案。callous无情的；麻木的。quick-tempered易怒的；性急的。harsh严厉的；严酷的。【解析】22.Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news maycreate a great _.A.upgradeB.sensationC.exaggerationD.stimulationB【答案】句意：一些新闻记者常常夸大其词，这样他们的新闻才能造成轰动。本题考查的是词义辨析。sensation感觉；轰动。upgrade升【解析】级；上升。exaggeration夸张，夸大。stimulation刺激；激励。23.He is holding a _ position in the company and expects to bepromoted soon.A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequentA【答案】句意：他在公司处于次要地位，非常渴望升职。本题考查的是词义辨析。subordinate从属的；次要的。succeeding随后的，以后的。successive连续的；继承的；依次的。subsequent后来的，随后的。【解析】24.Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around$110 billion,_the$160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A.in proportion toB.in reply toC.in relation toD.in contrast toD【答案】句意：初步估算预算大概是1100亿，该数字与总统想要国会通过的1600亿形成对比。本题考查的是短语辨析。in contrast to【解析】和对比起来。in proportion to依照比例。in reply to答复。in relationto关于。25.I was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite_.A.artisticB.artificialC.arbitraryD.mechanicalC【答案】句意：我根本没意识到关键点在哪，所以我的选择比较随意。本题考查的是词义辨析。arbitrary任意的；武断的。artistic艺术的；风雅的。artificial人造的；仿造的。mechanical机械的；力学的。【解析】26.Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the_ tale,though it was fabricated obviously.A.pessimisticB.patheticC.considerateD.feebleB【答案】句意：他说完这个悲惨的故事，大家都哭了，虽然这个故【解析】事是假的。本题考查的是词义辨析。pathetic可怜的，悲惨的。pessimistic悲观的，厌世的。considerate体贴的；体谅的。feeble微弱的，无力的。27.They could not go to the theatre together because his free time never_ with hers.A.collideB.complyC.coincideD.copeC【答案】句意：他们不能一同去看戏，因为他的闲暇时间与她的从来不重合。本题考查的是词义辨析。coincide（时空上）恰好相吻合；一致。collide碰撞；抵触。comply遵守；顺从。cope处理；对付。【解析】28.At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested,but eventually I managed to _.A.speak him aroundB.show him aroundC.come him aroundD.talk him aroundD【答案】句意：一开始我朋友不能接受我们建议的计划，但后来我还是说服了她。本题考查的是词语辨析。talk around说服，说服。showaround带领参观。come around苏醒，恢复知觉。【解析】29.As the tide _ from the shore,we were able to look for shells.A.precededB.proceededC.accededD.recededD【答案】句意：海水退潮了后，我们就可以捡贝壳了。本题考查的是词义辨析。recede后退，减弱。precede领先，在之前。proceed开始；继续进行。accede加入；同意。【解析】30.That part of the town is completely _ of interest for visitors.There is no scenery at all.A.suspiciousB.demonstrativeC.voidD.irrespectiveC【答案】句意：村子的那一片区域对参观者根本没有吸引力。因为【解析】那里根本没有风景。本题考查的是词义辨析。void空的；无人的；空闲的。suspicious of可疑的，怀疑的。demonstrative说明的。irrespective不顾的，不考虑的；无关的。31.Its very difficult to _ the exact meaning of an idiom in aforeign language.A.exchangeB.transferC.conveyD.convertC【答案】句意：俗语的精确意思很难用外语传达出来。本题考查的是词义辨析。convey传达；运输。exchange交换；交易。transfer转让；转学。convert转变，变换；皈依。【解析】32.According to what you have just said,am I to understand that hisnew post _ no responsibility with it at all.A.shouldersB.possessesC.carriesD.sharesC【答案】句意：根据你刚才所说，他的新岗位根本就没有任何职责，我可以这样理解吗？本题考查的是词义辨析。carry responsibility承担责任，carry带有，主语是事或者是物，故为正确答案。shoulderresponsibility承担责任，主语通常是人。possess拥有。share分享。【解析】33.Without telephone it would be impossible on carry on the functionsof _ every business operation in the whole country.A.practicallyB.preferablyC.preciselyD.presumablyA【答案】句意：没有电话的话，全国各地的商业活动几乎都得停止。本题考查的是词义辨析。practically几乎。preferably更可取地。precisely精确地。presumably可能地。【解析】34.He is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will _ at theend of this month.A.expireB.exceedC.terminateD.ceaseA【答案】句意：尽管护照本月末到期，但他又在计划出过旅游了。本题考查的是近义词辨析。expire文件、协议等（因到期而）失效，终止；到期，多指证件、职位任期等之类的到期。exceed超过；胜过。terminate结束，终止。cease停止；结束。【解析】35.The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not_ their prospect of promotion.A.spurB.furtherC.induceD.reinforceA【答案】句意：更高的职位有更多的休闲时间，这让员工们期待着升职。本题考查的是词义辨析。spur鼓舞，刺激。further促进，助长。induce诱导；引起。reinforce加强，加固。【解析】36.The museum had _ copies for the original manuscripts to savewear and tear on the latter.A.tackledB.substitutedC.tickledD.testifiedB【答案】句意：为了减少原稿的损伤，博物馆用复印件代替原稿。本题考查的是词义辨析。substitute替代，常与for连用。tackle处理；抓住。tickle使发痒；使高兴。testify证明，证实。【解析】37.How does it _ that he is so badly-off when he earns quite agood salary?A.come toB.come aroundC.come aboutD.come throughC【答案】句意：他的工资那么高，为什么过得那么差，这种情况是怎么一回事？本题考查的是短语辨析。come about发生；产生。come to想起；共计。come around苏醒，恢复知觉。come through经历；安然度过。【解析】38.The amateur team was _ from the contest in the first round.A.detachedB.excusedC.distractedD.eliminatedD【答案】句意：业余组在第一个回合就被淘汰掉了。本题考查的是词义辨析。eliminate消除；排除，淘汰。detach分离；派遣。excuse为申辩；给免去。distract转移；分心。【解析】39.He was usually very kind so that his sudden _ greatly surprisedusA.heartinessB.unhappinessC.harshnessD.uprightnessC【答案】句意：他大部分时候都是非常善良的，偶尔严肃起来惊呆了我们。本题考查的是词义辨析。harshness严肃；刺耳。heartiness热心；诚实。unhappiness不开心，不愉快。uprightness正直，诚实。【解析】40.I dont _ disco.Its much too noisy for my taste.A.go forB.go byC.go upD.go offA【答案】句意：我不喜欢迪斯高，对我来说它太吵了。go for主张；拥护。go by经过；顺便走访；凭判断。go up增长；上升；被兴建起来。go off离开；进行；变质；睡去。【解析】Section B:Proofreading and Error Correction(10 points)【答案与解析】41.wantwanting（本题的谓语动词是designated，wanting构成独立主格结构，修饰agroup of citizens，want与citizen之间是主动关系，故用wanting。）42.Harlemwhichto（move to.搬到；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词theHarlem，定语从句中介词要与动词搭配一致，故which前面加to。）43.timetimes（at times有时，为固定搭配，所以应该把time改成times。）44.thethat（the community it described had been founded by people from Holland也是forget的宾语，故也要加that。）45.hundredshundred（这里表达的是具体的年份1600年，应该用单数形式。）46.towith（be synonymous with.和同义，为固定搭配。）47.onon删掉（themselves可以单独当副词使用，此处可以看作是方式状语。）48.assertedassumed（assume承担；assert维护，坚持；断言。这里的意思是：随着时间的流逝，Harlem承担了更多的含义，所以assert应该改为assume。）49.forin（live in住在；固定搭配，所以应该用介词in。）50.whatwhere（Harlem表示一个地点，应该用where引导表语从句，并在从句中充当地点状语。）Part.Reading Comprehension(40 points)Section ADirections:In the section,there is short passage with 5 questions orincomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer thequestions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Pleasewrite your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of thedevelopment of industrial capitalism.There is,of course,documentedevidence of ball games,racket games and athletic games that date well beforeindustrial capitalism.However they are unrecognizable from todays sports.Take,for example,football and rugby,derivatives of folk football,where agame would continue for days,with no boundaries except the edge of thevillage,or the edge of the next village.People would throw or kick the ball,itwas mixed,and there was no offside rule,no 90 minutes,and really nodiscernible winners.The Olympics are always claimed as having their rootsin the athletic culture of ancient Greek society.Yet their origins were aboutmilitary training in a far from equal society at the end of the 19th century andthese were games which relatively few people would watch.The Olympicswere revived with the emergence of international trade.The first four modernOlympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcendspolitics.The phrase Its just not cricket carries the notion that whileeverything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality,sport itselfoperates on a different set of rules.Performance enhancing drugs in sporthave created huge press hysteria,in the main because sports stars are oftenthought of as moral guardians,but also because it undoes one of thefoundation stones of sportthe notion of fair play.Jim Firstle,a freelancesports journalist,notes that drugs have always been used in sport,long beforetechnology and money were involved.In athletics there is an unwritten andunconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it.The key thing is not to getcaught.Firstle reports that Dr.Don Caitlin,who runs the InternationalOlympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles,likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers tonegotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties.One side would only crack downand get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same.To bustones drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-dopingnation at a competitive disadvantage.The idea that there is fair competition insport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51.Modern sport is _ from ancient sport although some forms ofancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52.According to the author,what made modern Olympics resume itsprosperity?53.Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politicsbecause it itself _.54.What has the use of performance-enhancing d