英语国际音标及拼读规则表.doc

英语国际音标及拼读规则表
元音（20个）
长元音 /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /u:/
car four shirt see two
短元音 / ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/
bus not teacher big put let bag
/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/
day bike boy
双元音 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/
dear chair poor no how
辅音（28个）
清辅音 /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/
map foot book five both nice
pen tea pack knife thing same
浊辅音 /b/ /d/  /g/ /v/ /ð/  /z/ 
bag do go five father zoo
lab food bag very this rose
清辅音 /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ 
fish home shirts watch tree
she how sports child train
浊辅音 /ʒ/ / r/  /dz/  /dʒ/ /dr/ 
usually red goods jeep drink
pleasure three birds age drive
鼻 音 /m/ /n/  /ŋ/ 
room man sing
may name thank

半元音 / j/ / w/
yes, yellow way, what
边 音 / ǀ/ like, old
拼读练习
/fɑ:m/ /pɑ:k/ /lɑ:st/ /’kɑ:tə/ /’fɑ:stə/ /fɔ:/ /’nɔ:tɪ / /’pɑ:kə/ /’fɔ:tɪ/ /’nɔ:ðən / /bɜ:d/ / wɜ:ld/ /bɜ:θdɪ/ /’wɜ:θɪ/ /’bɪtə/ /peə / /pæθ/ /pə’tɪkjʊlə / /neɪm/ /’sætədɪ/ /gɜ:l/ /’letə/ /’trædʒdɪ /
/’lʌvlɪ/ /ɪntə’restɪŋ / /’dɑ:nsə/ /greɪt/ /’wʌndəfəl/ /’dri:mə/
/ə’tʃi:vmənt/ /’treʒə/ / ə’naʊnsmənt/ /fɪʃ/ / ʃeɪk/ / tʃaɪld / /tri:t/ /traɪ/ /’pækɪdʒ /
英语元音及元音字母、元音字母组合对照
1) [i:] 字母和组合: e, ee, ea, ie, ei, eo, i）在重读音节中
he she me be three tree green sheep meet beef see seek seem eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please piece receive achieve believe people machine
2) [ ɪ ]发音字母 i，y，ui在重读音节中，a, e, i, u, y在非重读音节中：
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss minute business myth many twenty happy dictionary city heavy ready very defeat decide delicious dislike passage
3) [ æ ] 发音字母 a
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man have has rat rabbit apple
4) [e] 字母和字母组合e, a, ai, ay, ea在重读音节中
head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any says said
5) [ ɜ:] 字母组合ir, ur, ear, er, [w]+or在重读音节中：
girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday
learn earn earth heard early term her serve
work word world worse worst
6) [ə] 字母组合ar, er, or, ou, our, ure字母a, e, i, o, u在非重读音节中：
teacher leader remember player speaker farmer waiter
modern doctor actor mayor author tractor monitor colour
delicious pleasure picture nature familiar collar dollar
together tomorrow today control polite around account ago elephant banana Canada Japan china woman panda about garden Saturday possible terrible
7) [a:] 字母组合 ar, al, au, a+sk, a+ss, a+st, a+nce, a+nt, a+th等在重读音节中
car farm card arm garden charming after banana ask task pass glass class fast last vast cast plant aunt laugh calm half chance dance father rather
8) [ ʌ ] 发音字母 u, o+m/n/v/th, ou, oo等在重读音节中
up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus much rush
come some son mother brother love above other enough trouble country young touch blood flood dozen
9) [ɔ: ]字母组合 al+辅音字母, or, au, augh, ough, our, ore, [w]+ar, oor在重读音节中
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk mall
short lord horse for forty sport door floor store more before author caught taught autumn four mourn court bought fought brought thought your yours warm quarrel quarter war towards door floor
10) [ ɔ ] ([ɒ])发音字母 o, a, ou, [w]+a在重读音节中
hot lost cost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not cough
want wash watch what
11) [u:] 字母组合 oo+m / n/ l/ s/ th, o, u, ou, ue在重读音节中
food school cool tool moon room broom doom goose tooth too loose choose shoe do two lose move true truth blue ruler rule group route
12) [ʊ] 字母组合 oo+[k], ou, p/b/f+u+ll/sh, o在重读音节中
look book cook wood good foot
should could put full bull pull push bush
13) [eɪ] 发音字母 a, ay, ea, ai, ey 在重读音节中
name cake late gate plane April play say may way
great break rain paint plain tail they grey
14) [aɪ] 发音字母i, y, ie, igh, ind, ild, eigh在重读音节中
bike fine nine die tie lie light night high fight bright find child wild my try fly eye height
15) [aʊ] 字母组合 ou, ow 在重读音节中
house out ground account count county sound loud around mouse found flower down now cow how town
16) [əʊ] 发音字母 o, oa, ou, ow在重读音节中
home cold go no phone host ghost soul know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal road
17) [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy, oi在重读音节中
boy toy joy oil soil voice choice
18) [ɪə] 字母组合 ea, ear, eer, ere在重读音节中
idea real really beer deer pioneer cheer
ear near clear dear spear here fierce
19) [ ɛə ] ([eə])字母组合ear, air, ere, are
pear bear wear chair air fair pair repair
there where care share prepare hare bare dare
20) [ʊə] 字母组合our, oor, ure
tour poor sure surely
英语辅音及辅音字母、辅音字母组合对照
1. / p / map, jeep, pencil, pack, pay, cap
2. / t / t, 清辅音+ed too, tell, time, table, cooked, looked, stopped
3. /k/ k, ck, ch, c+a/o/u look, kite, clock, back, black, ache, chemistry, chemist, headache, cut, cat, catch, coat, cost, costume, custom
4. /f/ f, gh, ph fight, fly, fluent, life, knife, laugh, cough, laughter, enough, photo, physics
5. /θ/  th both, math, birth, fifth, teeth, thing, thick, third
/ ð / th they, these, then, them, father, mother, brother, together, feather, leather
6. /s/ s, c+e/ i/ y so, send, say, loss, past, slow, city, cent, certain, century
7. /b/ b by, buy, bring, lab, cab, bat
8. /d/  d, 元音/浊辅音+ed good, day, during, dance, moved, carried
9. /g/ g, gu- goal, leg, grow, guess, guest, guide
10. /v/ v, f love, cover, vary, very, voice, of
11. /z /  z, s, es zero, lazy, zig zag, zoo, close, rose, goes, does, lives, studies
12. /ʃ/ sh, ch, c+i+元音, s+i+元音 shake, shadow, shame, fish, cash, rush, push, machine, racial, musician, special，especially, Asia, Russian
13. / h / h, wh+o home, hold, house, hope, who, whole, whom, whose
14. /ts/ ts, tes, t’s, te’s boots, sports, states, gates, goats, Right’s, Kate’s
15. /tʃ/ ch, tch change, check, charming, match, catch, hatch, fetch
16. /tr/  tr tree, train, tractor, street
17. /ʒ/ s usually, casual, treasure, pleasure
18. / r /  r red, green, three, grace, race, record, bread, thread
19. /dz/  ds, des, d’s, de’s goods, birds, grades, Rod’s, Tide’s
20. /dʒ/ -ge, ge+元音，-dge, ch, j age, cage, stage, language, geography, George, bridge, edge, knowledge, sandwich, jeep, jacket, jungle
21. /dr/  dr- draw, drive, dread, drink, dry, dream
22. /m/ m map, mad, may, might, slim, palm, calm, mankind
23. /n/  n no, nice, night, town, nose, lunch, lucky
24. /ŋ/  ng, n+[k] long, sing, thing, singer, uncle, thank, tank, bank
25. / j / y yes, yellow, yours, loyal
26. / w/ w, wh way, wave, wipe, sweep, week, when, why, where, what
27. / l / l+元音 low, live, love, slowly, lecture, lack
l (其他状况) old, cold, sell, sale, people, travel