英语动词不规则变化表.doc

英语动词不规则变化表记忆法一：常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下一、AAA型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个） costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letlet let putputput readreadread setsetset shutshutshut 二、 ABB型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个） 1.过去式和过去分词都具有 -ought。（3个） bringbroughtbrought buy boughtbought thinkthoughtthought 2. 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个） buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lent sendsentsent spendspent spent 3.过去式、过去分词都具有 -aught。（2个） catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught 4把-eep变为-ept。（3个） keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept 5把-ell变为-old。（2个） telltoldtold sellsoldsold 6过去式、过去分词都具有-elt或-ilt。（4个） smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt felt spillspiltspilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（3个） learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（4个） saysaidsaid paypaidpaid laylaidlaid hearheardheard 9改变元音字母。（11个） meetmetmet getgotgot sitsatsat find foundfound holdheldheld spitspatspat shine shoneshone winwonwon hanghunghung dig dugdug loselostlost 10改变辅音字母。（1个） makemademade 11改变元、辅音字母。（4个） leaveleftleft standstoodstood have（has） hadhad understandunderstoodunderstood 三、ABC型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共35个） 1. iau变化。（6个） beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunk sing sangsung ringrangrung swimswamswum sink sanksunk 2 词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个） blowblewblown drawdrewdrawn grow grewgrown knowknewknown throwthrewthrown（show除外）3 词尾为“i辅（1个）e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外） drivedrovedriven writewrotewritten ride roderidden riseroserisen 4 过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。（5个） breakbrokebroken choosechosechosen freezefrozefrozen speakspokespoken wakewoke woken 5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（1个） forgetforgotforgotten 6 过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个） bewas（were）been eatateeaten fallfellfallen givegavegiven seesawseen hidehidhidden（hid） 7 词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个） taketooktaken mistakemistookmistaken 8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个） dodiddone flyflewflown gowentgone lielaylain showshowedshown wearworeworn 四、AAB型，即过去式和原形相同。（1个） beatbeatbeaten 五、ABA型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3个） comecamecome becomebecamebecome run ranrun 六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4个） cancould maymight willwould shallshould 记忆法二：一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同：costcuthithurtletputreadshut （细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。）二、 原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beatbeatbeaten 三、 原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同： comecamecome becomebecamebecome runranrun（come，become，属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed，welcomed）四、 过去式，过去分词相同：(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeetmetmet feedfedfed(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeelfeltfelt sleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkept sweepsweptswept(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加tspellspeltspelt smellsmeltsmelt spillspiltspilt(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught bringbroughtbrought buyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought(5) 将stand改为stoodstandstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood(6) 将ay改为aidlaylaidlaid paypaidpaid saysaidsaid(7) 将d改为tlendlentlent sendsentsentspendspentspent buildbuiltbuilt(8) 将i改为a , o, u等sitsatsat spitspatspat digdugdug winwonwon(9) 将ell改为oldtelltoldtold sellsoldsold(10) 词尾加tlearnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant dreamdreamtdreamt spoilspoiltspoilt(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的：learnlearntlearnt learnlearnedlearnedshineshoneshone shineshinedshinedhanghunghung hanghangedhangedsmellsmeltsmelt smellsmelledsmelledburn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burnedlight/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted(12) 其它have（has）hadhad hearheardheardshootshotshot loselostlost holdheldheld getgotgot（AmE gotten） findfoundfound makemademade leaveleftleft五、三者均不同：(1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blowblewblown flyflewflowngrowgrewgrown knowknewknown throwthrewthrown 值得注意的是:showshowedshown或showed drawdrewdrawn(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunkringrangrung singsangsungswimswamswum sinksanksunk(3)改i为o变成过去式，过去分词以n结尾drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenriseroserisen rideroderidden(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词drivedrovedriven riseroserisen eatateeatengivegavegiven fallfellfallen(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词breakbrokebroken choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozen mistakemistookmistakenstealstolestolen speakspokespokentaketooktaken wakewokewoken（或woke）(6)其它bewas或werebeen dodiddoneforgetforgotforgotten gowentgone hidehidhidden seesawseenwearworeworn 六、 有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。wakewokewoken （或woke） wakewakedwaked sinksanksunk sinksunksunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义： shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词： shoneshone照耀 shinedshined擦亮 hunghung悬挂 hangedhanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧laylainlying（现在分词） lay放，下蛋laidlaidlayingfind 找到、发现findfoundfoundfound 创建，成立 foundfoundedfounded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆（一）词义相对：(1) comecamecome来 gowentgone去(2) givegavegiven给getgotgot（AmE gotten）获得(3) sleepsleptslept睡觉wakewokewoken （或woke）或wakewakedwaked 醒来(4) riseroserisen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sinksanksunk sinksunksunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buyboughtbought买 sellsoldsold出售, 卖(6) taketooktaken带去bringbroughtbrought 带来(7) teachtaughttaught教learnlearntlearnt 或learnlearnedlearned学习、学会(8) loselostlost丢失、失败findfoundfound找到winwonwon赢得、（获）胜(9) standstoodstood站、立sitsatsat坐(10) sendsentsent 送、寄、发送getgotgot获得、收到（二）词义相近：(1) beatbeatbeaten 打, 打败winwonwon赢得、获胜(2) understandunderstoodunderstood 懂, 了解knowknewknown 知道, 了解, 结识(3) getgotgot（AmE gotten）变成、成为、变得becomebecamebecome 变成, 成为, 变得gowentgone变成turnturnedturned变成(4) spendspentspent 花费、度过paypaidpaid 支付、交纳costcostcost花费、价值为taketooktaken花费(5) saysaidsaid说、讲speakspokespoken说、演讲telltoldtold 告诉、说、吩咐、断定talktalkedtalked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论记忆法三：1无变化，过去式与原形相同。 letlet, putput, hithit, mustmust, setset, beatbeat, castcast, costcost, cutcut, hurthurt, readred, shutshut (shedshed splitsplit spreadspread burstburst) 2元音字母的变化。 ia: beginbegan, drinkdrank, ringrang, singsang, swimswam, givegave, sitsat, sinksank io: drivedrove, riderode, shineshone, writewrote, riserose, winwon, (strivestrove arisearose) iou: findfound (windwound, bindbound, grindground) aoo: taketook, shakeshook eo: getgot, forgetforgot oa: comecame, becomebecame ooo: shootshot, choosechose 3元音字母组合的变化。 aw/ow/yew:drawdrew, blowblew, growgrew, knowknew, throwthrew, flyflew 4元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。 (1) sellsold, telltold, retellretold (2) saysaid, paypaid, laylaid, relayrelaid (3) sweepswept, keepkept, sleepslept, creepcrept (4) bringbrought, buybought, thinkthought, fightfought (5) catchcaught, teachtaught (6) cancould, willwould, shallshould 5辅音字母变化。 (1)buildbuilt, sendsent, bendbent, lendlent, rendrent, spendspent (2)makemade, havehad, hearheard (3)meanmeant, learnlearnt