幼儿园教育指导纲要Guidelinesforkindergarteneducationin2001.doc

2001年幼儿园教育指导纲要（Guidelines for kindergarten education in 2001）Guidelines for Kindergarten Education (for Trial Implementation)(issued by the Ministry of education in July 2, 2001)Part I General ProvisionsI. in order to implement the Peoples Republic of China education law, the regulations on the administration of kindergartens and the rules of work in kindergartens, and guide the kindergarten to carry out quality education in depth, this outline is formulated.Two, kindergarten education is an important component of basic education, and it is the foundation stage of school education and lifelong education in china. All types of kindergartens in urban and rural areas should proceed from reality and carry out quality education according to local conditions, so as to lay a good foundation for the development of childrens life.Three, kindergartens should work closely with families and communities to connect with primary schools and make full use of various educational resources to create favorable conditions for the development of children.Four, kindergarten should provide children with healthy, rich living and living environment, to meet their needs in many aspects of development, so that they can get in the happy childhood experience beneficial to the development of the body and mind.Five, the kindergarten education should respect the personality and the right to respect the laws of physical and mental development and learning characteristics, to the game as the basic activities, teaching methods, pay attention to individual differences, promote the development of each child personalized.The second part is the content and requirements of EducationThe content of kindergarten education is comprehensive and enlightening, and can be divided into five areas, such as health, language, society, science and art. The contents of each field permeate each other and promote the development of childrens emotion, attitude, ability, knowledge and skills from different perspectives.I. health(1) objectives1., good health, emotional stability and happiness in collective life;2., living and health habits are good, have the basic self-care ability;3. know the necessary safety tips and learn how to protect yourself;4., like to participate in sports activities, coordination and flexibility.(two) content and requirement1., establish a good teacher-student relationship, so that children feel warm in the collective life, happy mood, a sense of security and trust.2., with the parents, according to the needs of young children to establish a scientific life routine. Cultivate childrens good diet, sleep, washing, excretion and other habits and self-care ability.3., education children love cleaning, hygiene, pay attention to maintain personal and living place clean and sanitary.4., close to the life of young children to carry out safety, nutrition and health education, improve childrens self-protection awareness and ability.5., carry out colorful outdoor games and sports activities, cultivate childrens interest and habits in sports activities, enhance their physique and improve their adaptability to the environment.6. develop basic movements in ways that children are interested in, improve coordination and flexibility of movement.7., in sports activities, training children strong, brave, not afraid of difficulties, quality and initiative, optimistic, cooperative attitude.(three) guiding points1., kindergarten must protect the lives of young children and promote childrens health in the first place in the work. Establish correct concept of health, and pay attention to childrens mental health while paying attention to childrens health.TwoWe should attach great importance to and meet the needs of children affected by the protection, care, and respect and meet the independence requirements of their growing, avoid excessive protection and acting on their behalf, try to encourage and guide the children themselves, self-reliance.3. activities in the field of health should fully respect the law of childrens growth and development, and strictly prohibit any competition, performance or training that is detrimental to childrens health in any name.4., training childrens interest in sports activities is an important goal of kindergarten sports, according to the characteristics of children, to organize lively, interesting and diverse forms of sports activities, to attract children to participate actively.Two, language(1) objectives1. be willing to talk with others and speak politely;2. pay attention to listening to each other and understand everyday language;3. be able to say clearly what you want to say;4. like to listen to stories and read books;5. able to understand and speak mandarin.(two) content and requirement1. to create a free and relaxed language communication environment, support, encourage and attract children and teachers, peer conversations or other people, experience of language communication, learn to use appropriate and polite language communication.2., develop childrens habit of listening attentively, develop language comprehension ability.3., encourage children to express their ideas and feelings boldly and clearly, try to explain and describe simple things or processes, and develop language skills and thinking ability.4., guide children to contact excellent childrens literature, make them feel the richness and beauty of the language, and through a variety of activities to help children to deepen the experience and understanding of the work.5. develop childrens interest in simple symbols and symbols that are common in life.6. use books, paintings, and many other ways to stimulate childrens interest in books, reading and writing, and develop pre reading and pre writing skills.7., provide Mandarin language environment, to help children understand, understand and learn mandarin. Minority areas should also help children learn their native language.(three) guiding points1. language ability is developed in the process of using, and the key to developing childrens language is to create an environment that can make them want to say, dare to say, like, say, and say, and can get a positive response.2. childrens language development and emotion, experience, thinking, social skills and other aspects of development are closely related, therefore, an important way to the development of children language through various areas of mutual penetration of education, to expand childrens experience in the rich and colorful activities, provide the conditions for the development of language promotion.3., childrens language learning has individual characteristics, individual communication between teachers and children, free talk among children, etc., which is of special significance for childrens language development.4. special attention should be paid to children with language barriers. They should work closely with parents and relevant parties and actively help them improve their language skills.Three, society(1) objectives1. initiative to participate in activities, self-confidence;2., willing to socialize with people, learn to help each other, cooperate and share, and have compassion;3. understand and follow the basic rules of social behavior in daily life;4., you can do what you can, not afraid of difficulties, there is a sense of responsibility;FiveLove your parents, elders, teachers and companions. Love your group, love your hometown, and love your country.(two) content and requirement1. guide the children to participate in collective activities and experience of teachers and peer together the joy of life, to help them recognize themselves and others, to develop others and society close and cooperative attitude, learning of interpersonal skills.2. provide each child with an opportunity to express his strengths and achieve success and increase his self-esteem and self-confidence.3., provide opportunities for free activities, support young children to choose and plan activities independently, encourage them to solve problems through many efforts, and do not give up easily trying to overcome difficulties.4., in a common life and activities, in a variety of ways to guide children to understand, experience and understand the basic rules of social behavior, learning self-discipline and respect for others.5. educate children to take good care of toys and other things and take good care of public property and the public environment.6., work with families and communities to guide children to understand their loved ones, and to work with people in all walks of life, to cultivate their love for workers and respect for the fruits of labor.7., make full use of social resources, guide the children to experience the richness and excellence of the motherland culture, experience the changes and development of their hometown, and stimulate the affection of the children to love their hometown and the motherland.8., we should introduce the culture of all ethnic groups and other countries and ethnic groups, so as to make them aware of the diversity and diversity of human culture, and to cultivate understanding, respect and equality.(three) guiding points1., education in the social sphere has subtle characteristics. To cultivate childrens social attitudes and social emotions in particular should be infiltrated in all aspects of various activities and daily life, to create a good environment can make children feel accepted, care and support, to avoid a single dull speech sermon.2., the common life, communication, exploration and games between young children and adults, companions are important ways of social learning. Children should be provided with opportunities and conditions for interpersonal interaction and common activities, and should be guided.3., social learning is a long process of accumulation, which requires close cooperation and coordination among kindergartens, families and society to promote the formation of good social quality of children.Four, science(1) objectives1. interested in the surroundings, phenomena, curiosity and thirst for knowledge;2. can use a variety of senses, hands-on, brain, explore the problem;3. can express and communicate the process and result of exploration in an appropriate way;4. can sense the quantity relationship of things from life and games and experience the importance and interest of mathematics;5., caring for animals and plants, caring about the environment, close to nature, cherish natural resources, there is a preliminary awareness of environmental protection.(two) content and requirement1., guide children on the side of common things and characteristics of the phenomenon, changes in the law of interest and inquiry desire.2., for childrens inquiry activities to create a relaxed environment, so that each child has the opportunity to participate in the trial, support, encourage them to boldly ask questions, make different views, learn to respect other peoples views and experience.3. provide a wide range of actionable materials,For each child can use a variety of senses, a variety of ways to explore, providing conditions for activities.4., through the guidance of children actively participate in group discussions, explore ways to cultivate childrens cooperative learning consciousness and ability, learning to use a variety of ways of performance, communication, sharing, exploration process and results.5. children interested in the environment surrounding the number, shape, quantity, time and space, construction of the number of initial concept, and learn to solve life and the game in some simple problems with simple mathematical method.6., from life or media familiar with the scientific and technological achievements of young children, guide children to feel the impact of science and technology on life, to cultivate their interest in science and respect for scientists.7., on the basis of childrens life experience, to help children understand the relationship between nature, environment and human life. From the small things around, cultivate initial awareness and behavior of environmental protection.(three) guiding points1., the scientific education of children is a scientific enlightenment education, focusing on stimulating childrens understanding of interest and desire to explore.2., we should try to create conditions for children to participate in inquiry activities, so that they can feel the process and methods of scientific inquiry and experience the pleasure of discovery.3., science education should be closely linked with the actual life of young children, and use the things and phenomena around them as the object of scientific exploration.Five, art(1) objectives1. can feel and enjoy the beauty of environment, life and art.2., like to participate in art activities, and can boldly express their feelings and experience.3. be able to perform artistic performance in the way you like.(two) content and requirement1., guide children to contact with the surrounding environment and life of good people, things, things, enrich their perceptual experience and aesthetic appeal, and stimulate their performance of beauty and create beauty appeal.2., in the art activities, facing all the children, we should aim at their different characteristics and needs, so that each child will be nurtured and nurtured by the United states. Children with artistic talent should pay attention to developing their artistic potential.3. to provide free performance opportunities, encourage children to use different forms of art boldly express feelings, understanding and imagination of their own, respect each childs thoughts and creation, affirmation and acceptance of their unique aesthetic feeling and expression, they share the joy of creation.4., to support and encourage young children to actively participate in various art activities, and bold performance at the same time, help them improve their skills and ability to perform.5., guide children to make use of the surrounding materials or waste materials to make toys, handicrafts and so on to beautify their own lives or other activities.6., for children to create conditions to display their works, to guide children to communicate with each other, mutual appreciation, and common improvement.(three) guiding points1., art is the main way to carry out aesthetic education. It should give full play to the emotional education function of art and promote the formation of young childrens sound personality. Avoid focusing solely on the results of performance skills or artistic activitie