牛津英语模块四Unit3GRAMMAR市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Grammar Passive Voice第1页被动语态：英语语态是经过动词形式改变表现出来。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作承受者，即行为动作对象。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.The boy was caught by someone smoking a cigarette.Lead-in第2页 Lead-in1.Visitors_(request)not to touch the exhibits(展览品).2.I _(give)ten minutes to read the book last weekend.3.All the preparations for the task_(complete),and were ready to start.4.By the end of last year,another new gymnasium_(complete)in Beijing.5.A new cinema_(build)here now.6.A meeting_(hold)when I was there.7.Hundreds of jobs_(lose)if the factory closes.are requestedwas givenhave been completedhad been completedis being builtwas being heldwill be lost第3页1)am/is/are done(1)am/is/are done(过去分词过去分词)普通现在时普通现在时2 2）has/have been done has/have been done 现在完成时现在完成时3 3）am/is/are being done am/is/are being done 现在进行时现在进行时4 4）was/were done was/were done 普通过去时普通过去时5 5）had been done had been done 过去完成时过去完成时6 6）was/were being done was/were being done 过去进行时过去进行时7 7）shall/will be done shall/will be done 普通未来时普通未来时被被动语态结构：构：be+动词过去分去分词第4页 Learning aimsBy the end of this class,we will be able to 1.Get to know the usages of passive voice.2.Master some sentence structures related to passive voice.3.Finish the exercises correctly第5页 Self-studyFill in the following exercises.1.The disabled (respect)in our country.2.A presentation will (give)on the new product.3.Over the years several similar theories have (put)forward.4.Dont worry.The hard work that you do now (repay)later in life.5.Most of the houses in the disaster area (rebuild)so far,and people are expected to move in the next month.are respectedbe givenbeen putwill be repaidhave been rebuilt第6页Guidance&Exploration被动语态其它使用方法It is said that+从句及其它类似句型谓语动词主动形式表示被动意义非谓语动词主动形式表被动意义被动语态与系表结构区分第8页1.The boy is said to have passed the national exam.(变变为同义句为同义句)It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.常见其它句型：常见其它句型：1.It is said that 2.It is reported that3.It is believed that4.It is hoped that5.It is well known that 6.It is thought that7.It is suggested that大家希望大家希望大家希望大家希望听听听听说说说说众所周知众所周知众所周知众所周知 大家大家大家大家认为认为认为认为据提据提据提据提议议议议大家相信大家相信大家相信大家相信据据据据报报报报道道道道第9页2.谓语动词谓语动词主主动动形式表示被形式表示被动动意意义义:1.英语中有很多动词如 breakbreak，catchcatch，cleanclean，drivedrive，locklock，openopen，sellsell，readread，writewrite，washwash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，惯用其主动形式 表示被动意义,主语通常是物。例例 This kind of cloth washes well.This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调是主注意：主动语态表被动强调是主语特征，而被动语态则强调外界语特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成影响。作用造成影响。翻译句子：1.这件外套轻易干。2.尼龙（Nylon）轻易清洗洁净。3.这项计划进展地很好。This coat dries easily.Nylon cleans easily.The plan works out wonderfully.第10页 2.2.表示表示“发生、进行发生、进行”不及物动词和短语，如：不及物动词和短语，如：begin,finish,start,begin,finish,start,open,close,open,close,happen,last,take place,break out,come out,come happen,last,take place,break out,come out,come about,come true,run out,give out,turn outabout,come true,run out,give out,turn out(不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态)等等以主动形式表示被动意义。以主动形式表示被动意义。例例 How do the newspapers come out?How do the newspapers come out?China is a developing country,China is a developing country,(belong)to the Third(belong)to the Third World.World.belonging1.The shop (close)at 6 p.m.every day.2.Work (begin)at 7oclock this morning.3.Our dreams finally (come)true.closesbeganwill come第11页3.非非谓语动词谓语动词主主动动形式表被形式表被动动意意义义在一些句型中可用动名词和不定式主动形式表被动意义在一些句型中可用动名词和不定式主动形式表被动意义1 1.在在needneed，wantwant，require,bearrequire,bear,deserve,deserve等词后面，动名词用主动形式等词后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式被动形式。表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式被动形式。2 2形容词形容词worthworth后面跟动名词主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定后面跟动名词主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而式；而worthyworthy后面跟动词不定式被动形式。后面跟动词不定式被动形式。The house needs repairingThe house needs repairing(to be repairedto be repaired).翻译句子：这所房子需要被修理。翻译句子：这本画书很值得读。The picture-book is well worth readingThe picture-book is well worth reading.be be worthworthy of beingy of being read read.be be worthworthy to be ready to be read第12页被动语态与系表结构区分1.被动语态表动作，惯用介词by引出动作执行者；而系表结构表状态The window was broken by a little boy.(动作)The window was broken.(状态)2.系表结构惯用very,quite,rather,too,so,more,most等词修饰，被动语态惯用greatly等词修饰。I was quite satisfied with your work.We were greatly moved by what the little boy did.3.作表语用过去分词常见有：broken 碎 pleased 感到满意lost 迷路 interested 感兴趣known 为人所知 puzzled 感到不解gone 走了 surprised 感到诧异satisfied 满意 delighted 感到高兴第13页例例 This problem is difficult to work out.This problem is difficult to work out.（可看作（可看作to work outto work out省略省略了了for mefor me）.4.4.在一些在一些“形容词不定式形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语结构中，句子主语或宾做表语或宾语补足语结构中，句子主语或宾语又是动词不定式逻辑宾语时，这时惯用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。这语又是动词不定式逻辑宾语时，这时惯用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有些形容词有nicenice，easyeasy，fitfit，hardhard，difficultdifficult，importantimportant，impossibleimpossible，pleasantpleasant，interestinginteresting等。等。第15页 Summary被动语态其它使用方法It is said that+从句及其它类似句型谓语动词主动形式表示被动意义非谓语动词主动形式表被动意义被动语态与系表结构区分第20页 Consolidation Please finish the related exercises.（优化探究p93）第21页Assignment第22页第23页