英语知识掌握以及运用汇总——句法分析篇二.doc

英语知识掌握以及运用汇总——句法分析篇(二)
否定句练习
句型解释：否定句是相对于句子观点表达否定态度的句子。否定句主要的讨论对象是针对"not"这个否定词进行的基于整个句子的相关变换。
句法口诀：有怨抱怨，有仇报仇，有否定报合适的"not"
句型难点：当否定句与动词的时态结构混杂的时候。当否定句与实义动词结合的时候，该句型将会有一定的考查难度。
练习举例：
1． My brother has a volleyball. (改为否定句)
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2． Do your friends watch sports on TV? (做出否定回答)
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3． They like milk. (改为否定句)
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4． Are you late? (做出否定回答)
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5． We are in the same school. (改为否定句)
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解法方略：
1． Be动词一般现在时的否定句
主语+be动词的一般现在时(am,is,are)+ not +.……
肯定句：I am outgoing. 否定句：I am not outgoing. 缩写式：I'm not outgoing.
肯定句：It is a seed. 否定句：It is not a seed. 缩写式：It isn't a seed.
肯定句：You are smart. 否定句：You are not smart. 缩写式：You aren't smart.
2． 行为动词一般现在时的否定句
主语(除第三人称单数外)+ do not +行为动词原形
主语(第三人称)+ does not +行为动词原形
例子：I do not have dinner at school. We don't know him very well.
She does not speak Chinese. Amy doesn't like to eat eggs.
行为动词一般现在时的肯定句和否定句，请参看下列表格：
主语
肯定式
否定式
第一人称单数
I speak English

第二人称单数
You speak English

第三人称单数
He/She/It speaks English

所有人称复数
We/You/They speak English

3． 情态动词的否定句
主语+情态动词+ not +动词原形
例子：I can't do it by myself. You mustn't take rhe books out.
You must not go there alone.
4． 另还有其他时态以及句式中的否定句结构。待以后学习到相关时态及句式后，在笔记区予以补充。
5． 否定句结构应该注意的事项
l 使用not表否定
①　 not表示部分否定：含有not的句子，如果使用了very，always以及不定代词all，both，every及every的复合词等，则表示部分否定。(其余的部分否定结构与相关的不定代词有关)
例子：I don't play football very well. ————— I don't play football well.
It isn't always hot here in summer. ————— It isn't hot here in summer.
All of us are not students. —————— None of us are students.
②　 not的固定搭配表示否定
not … at all 一点也不…… 例：I'm not tired at all. I don't like it at all.
not … any longer not … any more再也不…… 例：I don't live here any longer. I no longer live here. I can not see you any more.
l 使用not以外的否定词表否定
①　 用no表示：no + 名词= not any…一点也不…… 例：There is no wind.
②　 never绝不(语气比not强烈) 例：I'll never forget you.
③　 few/little几乎没有 例：He has few friends. I have little money.
④　 no one = nobody 没有人 例：No one knows the answer.
⑤　 none of … 没有任何人；什么都没有 None of them can answer the question.
⑥　 nothing = not anything 什么也没有 例：I have nothing to do today.
⑦　 否定副词：seldom 很少；hardly 几乎不 例：He can hardly write his name.
l 不适用否定词表示否定
too … to (太……以至于不……)是不使用否定词的否定句。
例：He is too old to work.
典型题目练习：

1. 改错
①　 I is not a student.
②　 I sister likes not banana.
③　 They don't are my classmate.
④　 Tom's and Lily's brother likes the basketball very much.
⑤　 Alice like orange and tomato.
2. 选择单词适当形式填空
①　 This is _____(I) picture.
②　 This picture is _____(I).
③　 My teacher ______(do) like the students of hating study.
④　 I don't eat the rice, My friend Jack ______(do) like it, too.
⑤　 Lucy is her sister, but Alice ______(be) her sister.
3. 按要求完成下列句子
①　 It is her pencil box.(改为否定句)
②　 Is this a dictionary? (作否定回答)
③　 The football is in my room. (改为否定句)
④　 My, not, pencil, box, it, is (连词成句)
⑤　 She has a tape player. (改为否定句)
⑥　 Are the keys on the sofa? (作否定回答)
⑦　 My teacher has a tennis ball. (改为否定句)
⑧　 Gina has a baseball. (改为否定句)
⑨　 Bill likes strawberries. (改为否定句)
⑩　 Does she eat salad every day? (作否定回答)

4. 选择填空
①　 — Does Mary play sports in the morning? — Yes. She ______ sports very much?
A. Likes； B. Like； C. Doesn't like；
②　 — ______ they ______ English food? — Yes, they do.
A. Do；like； B. Are；like； C. Are；liking； D. Do；liking；
③　 Do you like ______?
A. Apple； B. Bread； C. Pear； D. Egg；
④　 — Does your friend like salad? — ______.
A. Yes, she like； B. No, she does； C. Yes, she doesn't； D. No, she doesn't；
⑤　 I don't like the soccer. It's ______
A. Easy； B. Difficult； C. Interesting； D. Fun；
⑥　 — How do you like your new job, Sam? — It's so ______. I don't like it at all.
A. Boring； B. Interesting； C. Exciting； D. Relaxing；
⑦　 Money is very important ______ it's not the most important thing.
A. Or； B. And； C. So； D. But；

5. 作文
展开想象，谈一谈你的家里或者你的朋友们还缺少的东西。

6. 笔记区