1、状语从句状语从句第1页什么是状语?什么是状语?作用作用:修饰形、副、动及对应短语或句子。:修饰形、副、动及对应短语或句子。惯用词类惯用词类:副、介短、分词、不定式、:副、介短、分词、不定式、从句从句He speaks English very well.他英语说得非常他英语说得非常好好He is playing under the tree.他在树下他在树下玩儿玩儿I come specially to see you.我专门来看你我专门来看你.副词做程度状语介词短语做地点状语动词不定式做目状语第2页什么是状语从句?(由什么是状语从句?(由句子句子充当状语成份)充当状语成份)序序号号分分类例句
2、例句123456789时间时间I can learn while I work.我能够在工作中学习。我能够在工作中学习。地点地点Well go wherever the country wants us to.祖国要我们去哪我们就去哪。祖国要我们去哪我们就去哪。条件条件If you keep on trying,youll succeed.让步让步Although its difficult,well do it.原因原因As he wasnt ready in time,we went without him.因我被你们及时准备好,我们没等他就走了。因我被你们及时准备好,我们没等他就走了。目
3、He got up early so that he might catch the train.结果结果程度程度He got up early so that he caught the train.他起得早,他起得早,所以赶上了火车。所以赶上了火车。方式方式Study as Marx studied.象马克思那样学习。象马克思那样学习。比较比较A hare can walk faster than a tortoise runs.第3页1.if 假如假如2.unless 假如假如不不=ifnot3.suppose/supposing that假如假如4.as long as 只要只要 就就
4、=only if5.on condition that 在在条件下条件下=only if6.once 一旦一旦7.in case that 假如假如 万一万一8.only if 只要只要/if only要是要是该多好。该多好。之七:条件状语从句之七:条件状语从句第4页If引导从句重点重点第5页AjokeA man liked a girl very much and asked if the girl could marry him.But the girl didnt agree.She said,“even if(即使)(即使)there is only one man left,I wo
5、nt marry you.”第6页If 引导宾语从句 第7页If引导宾语从句引导宾语从句Iwanttoknowif/whethershe/hehasadream.(是否)Iaskedher/himif/whethershe/hehadadream.(是否)主现从任主现从任主过从过(客观真理除外)主过从过(客观真理除外)第8页If 引导条件状语从句 第9页if 引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句u主将u主祈u主情主情IwillsingasongifIamhappy.Dont cross the road if the light is red.Youmuststopifthetrafficligh
6、tisred.从从现现第10页用所给词适当形式填空1.Ifyou_(feel)tired,you_(have)tohavearest.2.Where_he_(see)thefilmifhe_(have)time?3.Ifthere_(be)fewertrees,there_(be)morepollution.4.He_(dress)morecasuallyifhe_(notwork)onweekends.feelwillhavewillseehasarewillbewilldressdoesntwork第11页Part1:If使用方法1.Iwanttoknowifhewillgotoapark
7、withus.2.Wewillhaveapicnicifitdoesntrain.3.Canyoutellmeiftherewillbeaconcerttomorrow?4.Ifyoufeeltired,you,you must havearesthavearest.宾语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句宾语从句是否是否假如假如第12页Do Do you you know know if if _back _back next next week week?If If he he _ _ back back,please let me know.please let me know.A.he com
8、es,will come B.will he come,comes A.he comes,will come B.will he come,comes C.he will come,comes D.he will come,will come C.he will come,comes D.he will come,will come 连词连词连词连词 if if 和和和和 when when 在不一样从句中区分:在不一样从句中区分:在不一样从句中区分:在不一样从句中区分:C条件状语从句:主将条件状语从句:主将/主祈主祈/主情主情 从现从现 宾语从句:主现从任、主过从过宾语从句:主现从任、主过从
9、过假如假如是否是否第13页 连词连词连词连词 if if 和和和和 when when 在不一样从句中区分:在不一样从句中区分:在不一样从句中区分:在不一样从句中区分:I dont know when he _(come).I cant wait here any more.When he _(come),would you please ask him to call me?will comecomes时间状语时间状语从句:主将从句:主将/主祈主祈/主情主情 从现从现 宾语从句:主现从任、主过从过宾语从句:主现从任、主过从过当当时什么什么时候候第14页Part2:Unless使用方法Youw
10、illfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.Ifyoudontstartearlier,youwillfailtoarrivethereintime.unless=if.not除非,若不,除非在时候第15页Youwillnotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.=Ifyoudontworkhard,youwillnotsucceed.=workhard,oryouwillnotsucceed.(fail)=workhard,andyouwillsucceed.第16页1.when/as/while 在在 时时2.whenever
11、(every time,each time)每当每当3.as soon as(the moment,immediately)一一 就就4.before,after 5.till,until 直到直到为止(句首只用为止(句首只用until)6.hardly when/no sooner than 一一 就就之八:时间状语从句之八:时间状语从句第17页一、一、when和延续性和延续性、短暂、短暂动词连用动词连用,而而while和和as只能和延续性动词连用。只能和延续性动词连用。When we arrived in Beijing,it was raining.(arrive短短)我们抵达北京时,天
12、正在下雨。我们抵达北京时,天正在下雨。二、二、when从句谓语动词能够在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;从句谓语动词能够在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和和as从句谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。从句谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。1从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when。When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest(finished先发生)当他完先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。成作业后,他休息了一会儿。2主主从从句句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,动作同
13、时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用。都可使用。When While As we were dancing,a stranger came in(dance为延续性动词)当为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。3只能用只能用 as:表示:表示“伴随伴随?”;“一边一边?,一边,一边?”之意。之意。The little girls sang as they went小姑娘们一边走,一边唱。小姑娘们一边走,一边唱。4在未来时从句中,惯用在未来时从句中,惯用when,且从句须用普通时代替未来时。,且从句须用普通时代替未来时。5
14、.在用在用when和和while连接从句中,常连接从句中,常省略省略与主句相同主语和对应与主句相同主语和对应be,而在,而在as连接从句中普连接从句中普通则不省略。通则不省略。He fell asleep while(he was)studying his grammar book.他在阅读语法书时候睡着了他在阅读语法书时候睡着了。6.when这时这时(突然突然)”while“而而”可可用作并列用作并列连词连词,as没有这种使用方法。没有这种使用方法。He likes coffee,while she likes tea.他喜欢咖啡,而她却喜欢茶。他喜欢咖啡,而她却喜欢茶。第18页注意过去进行
15、时在主句中还是从句中 was/were+doing八下书本中例句八下书本中例句He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.While you were sleeping,I called Jenny.While Linda was sleeping,Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.第19页之一:地点状语从句之一:地点状语从句简单简单了解,记住引导词意思了解,记住引导词意思 where(在在地方)地方)wherever(不论什么地方)不论什么地方)everywhere(每一每一 地方
16、)地方)Go back where you came from.你从哪里来就回到哪里去。你从哪里来就回到哪里去。Sit wherever you like.你随便爱坐哪里坐在哪里。你随便爱坐哪里坐在哪里。Everywhere they went,they were warmly received.他们所到之他们所到之处,都受到热烈欢迎。处,都受到热烈欢迎。注:注:where有时引导一个含有时引导一个含“条件条件”意义从意义从句句Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事竟成。有志者,事竟成。第20页1.Though/although 即使即使2.Eve
17、n if/even though 即使即使3.no matter what(which,who,whose,when,how,)=whatever(whichever)不论什么(不论哪一个,不论谁,不论谁,不论什么时候,不论怎样不论什么(不论哪一个,不论谁,不论谁,不论什么时候,不论怎样)注意:注意:(了解)了解)No matter where you go,Ill be with you.不论你去哪里,我都要与你在一起。不论你去哪里,我都要与你在一起。Wherever引导地点状语从句,侧重陈说事实及发生地方,引导让步状语从句,侧重假引导地点状语从句,侧重陈说事实及发生地方,引导让步状语从句,
18、侧重假设条件。设条件。4.whether/no matter whether 不论不论可与可与or/or not 搭配搭配Whether you believe it or not,it is true.不论你信不信,这总是事实。不论你信不信,这总是事实。之二:让步状语从句之二:让步状语从句简单简单了解,记住引导词意思了解,记住引导词意思类似条件状语从句第21页1.because,since,as“因为,因为因为,因为”2.了解一下了解一下now(that)/seeing(that)/considering(that)/in that“鉴于、因鉴于、因为为”之三:原因状语从句之三:原因状语从句
19、简单简单了解,记住引导词意思了解,记住引导词意思 because:语气最强语气最强 (重心)回答(重心)回答why问句问句 since:稍弱(既然)表已知或很显著理由(附带稍弱(既然)表已知或很显著理由(附带),大多放句首大多放句首 as:更弱,多用于口语,大多放句首,对主句加以说明。更弱,多用于口语,大多放句首,对主句加以说明。for 也可引导表原因句子(并列分句)也可引导表原因句子(并列分句)表示补充说明理由,加上话能更表示补充说明理由,加上话能更增加说话可信度增加说话可信度。惯用。惯用于句中,前面用于句中,前面用逗号逗号和主句分开和主句分开。第22页1.so that/so/that/i
20、n order that“方便,为了方便,为了”从句中常含有从句中常含有may/might/can/could/should 等情态动词。等情态动词。He came in quietly in order that he shouldnt wake up his wife.除除in order that可置句首外,通常在主句后。可置句首外,通常在主句后。2.for fear that/in case that/lest“恐防,以免恐防,以免”从句谓动用从句谓动用 should+v 或或 一现(一过)一现(一过)She explained again and again in case we s
21、hould misunderstand her.她再三解释,生怕我们误解她。她再三解释,生怕我们误解她。之四:目标状语从句之四:目标状语从句简单了解,记住引导词意思简单了解,记住引导词意思第23页1.so that/so/that可引导程度结果状语从句(前有逗号)He started early,so that he caught the bus.(程度结果)he started early so that he could catch the bus.(目)2.so that/such that如此 以致于 So that 中间是adj/adv Such that 中间是 n 名词前有man
22、y much few little时用so Such+a/an+adj+单名=so+adj+a/an+单名He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.之五:结果程度状语从句之五:结果程度状语从句简单了解,记住引导词意思简单了解,记住引导词意思第24页1.as“如如那样那样”“”“象象那样那样”=in the way thatDo as I do.我怎么干,你就怎么干。我怎么干,你就怎么干。2.as if/as though“好象,好像好象,好像
23、”之六:方式状语从句之六:方式状语从句简单了解,记住引导词意思简单了解,记住引导词意思第25页连词连词有有:1.as as,与与 一样一样2.not as/so as,不如,与不如,与不一样不一样3.than,比比4.the,the 越越 就越就越 5.比比+and+比比 越来越越来越6.A is to B what/as C is to D.A对对B就像就像C像像D一样。一样。之七:比较状语从句之七:比较状语从句简单了解,记住引导词意思简单了解,记住引导词意思第26页不能连用成对词不能连用成对词 though(but)即使即使 不过不过 because(so)因为因为 所以所以 as(so)
24、因为因为 所以所以 unless(otherwise)除非除非 不然不然 though because as 等引导是状语从句 but so等连接是并列分句第27页省略:1.省略与主句相同内容省略与主句相同内容He is taller than I.他比我高。(省略了他比我高。(省略了am tall.)2.从句和主句主语一致,从句和主句主语一致,从句谓语又是从句谓语又是be动词时,可省去从句动词时,可省去从句主语和主语和be动词。动词。While(he was)in London,he got to know Jim.As(she was)a girl,she liked drawing.她小时喜欢画画。她小时喜欢画画。第28页在在“时间、条件、让步时间、条件、让步”三种状语从句中,三种状语从句中,不用未来时不用未来时If it doesnt rain tomorrow,Ill go fishing.He said if it didnt rain the next day,he would go fishing.Ill call you as soon as he comes back.第29页