高中英语语法省略句省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第1页 在英语中，为了防止重复而省去一些重复部分，在英语中，为了防止重复而省去一些重复部分，在英语中，为了防止重复而省去一些重复部分，在英语中，为了防止重复而省去一些重复部分，这种现象叫这种现象叫这种现象叫这种现象叫省略省略省略省略。如：。如：。如：。如：:Begyoupardon.Begyoupardon.:Soundslikeagoodidea.Soundslikeagoodidea.:（I I）Begyoupardon.Begyoupardon.:(It)(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.Soundslikeagoodidea.定义定义第2页一一 简单句中省略简单句中省略1 1、省略主语省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略祈使句中主语通常省略 :Doesntmatter.:(It)doesntmatter.:(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.第3页2 2、省略主谓或主谓语一部分。省略主谓或主谓语一部分。如：如：（省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语）:What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?:Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?第4页3 3、省略表语。、省略表语。:Areyouthirsty?Areyouthirsty?Yes,Iam.Yes,Iam.:Hisbrotherisntlazy,norishissister.(thirsty).(thirsty).(lazy).(lazy).4 4、同时省略几个成份、同时省略几个成份 :LetLet smeetatthesameplaceassmeetatthesameplaceasyesterday.yesterday.(wemet)(wemet)同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语第5页:Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Notyet.Notyet.IhaveIhavenotnotfinishedmyhomeworkfinishedmyhomeworkyetyet.IhaveIhavenotnotfinishedmyhomeworkfinishedmyhomeworkyetyet.IhaveIhavenotnotfinishedmyhomeworkfinishedmyhomeworkyetyet.第6页1.1.Mybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-lawMybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-law(is)(is)alawyer.alawyer.省略相同谓语动词省略相同谓语动词省略相同谓语动词省略相同谓语动词在由在由andand连接一些句子中，为防止重复常连接一些句子中，为防止重复常省略一些重复词或词组。省略一些重复词或词组。Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerWhensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenightandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)(isgetting)shorterandshorterandshorter.shorter.二二并列句中省略并列句中省略第7页2.Mr.Smithpickedupacoinintheroadand(Mr.Smith)handedittoapoliceman.3.JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.4.Hisadvicemademehappy,but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.5.Iwasborninwinterin1988andBob(wasborninwinter)in1989.6.Hewaslatebecausehehadoversleptand(becausehehad)missedthetrain.省略共同主语或宾语。省略共同主语或宾语。省略后面助动词或情态动词省略后面助动词或情态动词省略后面主谓成份省略后面主谓成份省略主要动词及后续部分省略主要动词及后续部分省略重复介词，连词及后续部分省略重复介词，连词及后续部分第8页1 1、主句中有一些成份被省略，、主句中有一些成份被省略，省略多用于省略多用于句首句首,如：如：:Sorrytohearyouareill.:Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.(Im)(Itsa)三三复合句中省略复合句中省略第9页:AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?Ithinkso.Ithinkso.sosoI I mleavingforBeijingthismleavingforBeijingthisSunday.Sunday.:Tommustbefreetoday.Tommustbefreetoday.Ifso,hecanhelpus.Ifso,hecanhelpus.sosoheisfree.heisfree.从句中有一些成份被省略、而用从句中有一些成份被省略、而用soso或或notnot来代替来代替第10页:Itisgoingtorain,isnItisgoingtorain,isn tit?tit?Ihopenot.Ihopenot.notnotitisnotgoingtorain.itisnotgoingtorain.Note:so惯用于替换必定形式从句，惯用于替换必定形式从句，而而not惯用来替换否定形式从句。惯用来替换否定形式从句。常见动词有：常见动词有：think、imagine、guess、say、hope、fear等。等。这种使用方法常见有：这种使用方法常见有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.Whynot?等等。等等。第11页:Weallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundtheWeallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.sun.(that)(that)2.2.宾语从句中省略宾语从句中省略宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词thatthat，但当有两个并，但当有两个并列宾语从句时，第二个列宾语从句时，第二个thatthat则不能省略。则不能省略。:Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandMarysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatthatsheis16yearsold.sheis16yearsold.(that)(that)由由由由which,when,where,howwhich,when,where,how和和和和whywhy引导宾语从句，引导宾语从句，引导宾语从句，引导宾语从句，可全部或部分省略。可全部或部分省略。可全部或部分省略。可全部或部分省略。Hewillcomeback,buthedoesntknowwhen(Hewillcomeback,buthedoesntknowwhen(hewillcomeback).hewillcomeback).(hewillcomeback)(hewillcomeback)第12页3.3.定语从句中省略定语从句中省略A:A:A:A:在定语从句中，在定语从句中，在定语从句中，在定语从句中，that,which,whothat,which,whothat,which,whothat,which,who在从句中作宾在从句中作宾在从句中作宾在从句中作宾语时可省略。语时可省略。语时可省略。语时可省略。:IhavenIhaven treadthebook(that/which)youtreadthebook(that/which)you rerereading.reading.(that/which)(that/which):Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedTheman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.toisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.(that/who)(that/who)B:B:定语从句中定语从句中定语从句中定语从句中“主语主语主语主语+系动词系动词系动词系动词be”be”能够省略。能够省略。能够省略。能够省略。Thegoods(whichwere)orderedlastmonthThegoods(whichwere)orderedlastmonthhaventarrivedyet.haventarrivedyet.(whichwere)(whichwere)第13页4.4.状语从句中省略状语从句中省略在以在以when,while,oncewhen,while,once引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句及以及以if,unlessif,unless引导条件状语从句中和引导条件状语从句中和though,althoughthough,although引导让步状语从句中，引导让步状语从句中，假如从句中主语与主句中主语指同一对象，假如从句中主语与主句中主语指同一对象，且从句中含有且从句中含有bebe动词时，从句中可省去动词时，从句中可省去“主语主语+be+be”部分。部分。第14页:Whenaskedwhathehaddone,JohnjustWhenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.keptsilent.:Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,JohnWhenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.justkeptsilent.hehe:IfIfheheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.isfree,Jackwillgowithus.hewashewas:Iffree,Jackwillgowithus.Iffree,Jackwillgowithus.heisheis第15页:Unlessinvited,hewonUnlessinvited,hewon tcome.tcome.:Unlessheisinvited,hewonUnlessheisinvited,hewon tcome.tcome.hehe:Whileheisdoinghousework,Whileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisheis:Whiledoinghousework,Whiledoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisheishehe第16页动词不定式中为了防止重复，省去与前面出现相同部动词不定式中为了防止重复，省去与前面出现相同部动词不定式中为了防止重复，省去与前面出现相同部动词不定式中为了防止重复，省去与前面出现相同部分，只保留分，只保留分，只保留分，只保留toto，但假如在省略不定式结构中含有，但假如在省略不定式结构中含有，但假如在省略不定式结构中含有，但假如在省略不定式结构中含有bebe，have,havebeenhave,havebeen时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。:Areyougoingthere?Areyougoingthere?Yes,IYes,I dlikedliketo.to.:Hedidntgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.:Areyouanengineer?Areyouanengineer?No,butIwantNo,butIwanttoto.:HehasnHehasn tfinishedthetaskyet.tfinishedthetaskyet.Well,heoughtWell,heought toto.(gothere).(gothere).(givemethechance).(givemethechance).bebehavehave四四不定式中省略不定式中省略第17页Attention!使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语不定式使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语不定式一定要省去一定要省去to,to,但在被动语态中须将但在被动语态中须将toto复原。复原。:InoticedamantoentertheclassroomInoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.whenIpassedby.:Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.toto X X X X 这类使役动词这类使役动词这类使役动词这类使役动词及感官动词主及感官动词主及感官动词主及感官动词主要有要有要有要有一一一一“感感感感”:二二二二“听听听听”:三三三三“让让让让”:四四四四“看看看看”:feelfeelhearhearlistentolistentohavehavemakemakeletletwatchwatchnoticenotice observeobserveseesee第18页在以在以if if引导非真实条件句中若含有引导非真实条件句中若含有were,had,were,had,shouldshould时，常能够省略时，常能够省略if if而将而将were,had,shouldwere,had,should置于句首。置于句首。:WereIyou,IWereIyou,I dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.WereWere:HadIalotofmoney,IHadIalotofmoney,I daidthepoorchildren.daidthepoorchildren.HadHad:Shouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?Shouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?ShouldShould虚拟条件句中省略虚拟条件句中省略IfIwereIfIwereyou,Iyou,I dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadalotofmoney,IIfIhadalotofmoney,I daidthepoorchildren.daidthepoorchildren.第19页:Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)(should)在含有表示在含有表示在含有表示在含有表示“命令、要求、提议、许可命令、要求、提议、许可命令、要求、提议、许可命令、要求、提议、许可”或或或或“禁止禁止禁止禁止”等意义名词性从句中使用等意义名词性从句中使用等意义名词性从句中使用等意义名词性从句中使用“should+should+should+should+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形”表表表表示虚拟语气，示虚拟语气，示虚拟语气，示虚拟语气，shouldshouldshouldshould常能够省略。如：常能够省略。如：常能够省略。如：常能够省略。如：:HissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutHissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.rightaway.(should)(should):TheorderthatweshouldstaywhereweTheorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.areisveryseriousandsevere.(should)(should):ItIt sveryimportantthatstudentsshouldsveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.studyhardatschool.(should)(should)第20页介词省略介词省略（考点）（考点）1.一些常和动名词、形容词一起搭配介词常省略，一些常和动名词、形容词一起搭配介词常省略，而保留其后而保留其后动名词，常见句型有动名词，常见句型有spend/wastetime(in)doing,losenotime(in)doing；havedifficult/trouble(in)doing；bebusy(in)doing；stop/preventsb.(from)doing等。等。eg.Theheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.Shelostnotime(in)givingthepatientfirstaid.第21页2.表示行为方式表示行为方式in在在inthisway,inthesameway,inanotherway等词组中，经常被省略。等词组中，经常被省略。Hedidit(in)thisway.第22页八、会话中省略。八、会话中省略。省略在会话中应用广泛，不论是回答他省略在会话中应用广泛，不论是回答他人问题，还是在接他人说话时都会发生，人问题，还是在接他人说话时都会发生，不然就以为累赘。不然就以为累赘。-Doyoulikethisshirt?-Yes,(Ilikeit)verymuch.(Come)Thisway,please.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-Losingherbicycle(madehersoupset).第23页Exercises about Ellipsis.Exercises about Ellipsis.第24页3.Rewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.1.The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.(_)P37第25页 2.A boy was on the left side of the sick woman,and a girl was on the right side of the sick woman.3.She has a daughter who is in hospital.4.He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor.(_)(_)(_)5.Did she pass the first aid test that she did yesterday or didnt she pass?or not.第26页6.She could not decided whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital.7.When your nose is bleeding,you should bend forward so that the blood runs out of your nose and the blood doesnt run down your throat.8.Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course.not down your throat.第27页These sentences are correct.However,one or more words have been left out.Can you tell your partner which words are missing?1)Thecottagesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.Thecottage(whichis)surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.P374.第28页2)ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond.Thefirstbook(that)Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond(bookthatIreadthisterm).第29页3)Toherteacherssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected.Toherteacherssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan(shewas)expected(todo).第30页4)Idontthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave.Idontthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave(returnedfromthehospital).第31页5)Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidnt.Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidnt(wanttohelptheaccidentvictim).第32页6)Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto.Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto(borrowmyfirstaidnotes).第33页I.Choose the best answers.1)-Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwonthave_onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to第34页2)-ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?-Yes.Itllbefineifyou_.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)-Arentyouthemanager?-No,andI_A.dontwanttoB.dontwanttobeC.dontwantbeD.dontwant第35页4)-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall_.A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbegladto5)-Wontyouhaveanothertry?-_.A.Yes,IwillhaveB.Yes,IwonthaveC.Yes,IwontD.Yes,Iwill第36页7)-Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?-_?A.IdontthinkB.No,IdontthinkC.IdontthinksoD.No,Idontso8)-Haveyoufedthecat?-No,but_.A.ImB.IamC.ImjustgoingD.Imjustgoingto第37页II.单项选择单项选择1.-Iwontdoitanymore.-_?A.Why dont B.Why dont do it any more C.WhynotD.Whynotto2.Although_tostop,hekeptonworking.A.tellB.tellingC.havingtoldD.told3.-Willyouwastetimeandmoneyonthat?-Certainly_.A.InotB.dontC.notD.no第38页4.-Marydidntattendthelecture,didshe?-Yes,she_.A.attendedB.didntattendC.didntD.did5.-WhatsJohndoing?-_newspapersintheroom.A.ShereadingB.ShereadsC.ToreadD.Reading6._alwayssucceed.A.HonestandcleverstudentsB.StudentswhohonestandcleverC.HoneststudentsandcleverD.Studentsarehonestandclever第39页7.-Canyouclimbthattree,myboy?-_?A.IB.MyselfC.MineD.Me8.Somepeopleareagainsttheplanbut_supportit.A.anymoreB.manymoreC.muchmoreD.nomore9.-Illbeawayforabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall._.A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdliketoD.Idbehappyto第40页10.-Whynotgoandhaveadinnerinarestaurant?-_.Itstooexpensive.A.WhynotB.IagreeC.ImafraidnotD.Imsure11._Ihadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.A.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When12.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-_herbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.BecauseoflosingD.Losing第41页II.以下各句都有一处错误，请指出并更以下各句都有一处错误，请指出并更正。正。1.Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedto.2.WhenIintrouble,Ialwaysturntoherforhelp.3.Tompickedupacoinintheroadandhandedonetoapoliceman.be第一个第一个I后加后加am或去掉第一个或去掉第一个Iit第42页4.Noonecanbearbeinglaughedinpublic.5.Whencomparingwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesntseembigatall.6.Thegoodswereorderedlastmonthhaventarrivedyet.atcomparedgoods后加后加that或去掉或去掉were第43页语法应试语法应试I.改改写写句句子子（使使用用省省略略伎伎俩俩防防止止下下面面各各句句重重复复与冗赘）与冗赘）1.Someone has used my mobile phone,but Idontknowwhohasusedit.2.John worked hard but his brother did notworkhard.3.I have lazy students and hardworkingstudentsinmyclass.4.-Hasheeverbeenabroad?-No,hehasneverbeenabroad.第44页5.Ifitisnecessary,wewillfinishitaheadoftime.6.Youmustnotbelateandyoumustnotbeabsent.7.Givemeyournameandaddress,please.8.Itiswelldone.9.Mothercantakearest,Mothershouldtakearest but Mother wont take a rest after longhoursofwork.10.Hecouldanswerthequestionsverywellifhe would answer the questions but he didntanswerthequestions.第45页【语法专题训练语法专题训练】【单项选择单项选择【1“Islippedonthestairs.Ithinkmyarmisbroken.”“Oh!I_.”A.donothopetoB.donothopeC.hopenotsoD.hopenot2.“IsProfessorTateverysick?”“Imafraid_.”A.soB.thisC.toD.that3.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one4.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo第46页5.“Doyouthinkitsgoingtorainovertheweekend?”“_.”A.IdontbelieveB.IdontbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.Ibelievenot6.“Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.”“_.”A.IdontB.IwontC.IcantD.Ihavent7.“Illbeawayonbusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?”“Notatall._.”A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbehappyto第47页8.“Whydontwetakealittlebreak?”“Didntwejusthave_?”A.itB.thatC.oneD.that9.“Therewillbeanewfilmonshow.”“Imafraid_.”A.soB.maybeC.notD.that10.“Weallhatepollution.”“_.”A.Yes,everyonehatesB.Yes,everyonedoesC.No,IlikenotD.No,Idont第48页高考真题高考真题1.1.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?_,_,please.please.（NMETNMET，全国卷，全国卷，全国卷，全国卷IIII，1212）A.NomoreA.NomoreB.JustalittleB.JustalittleC.IC.I vehadenoughvehadenoughD.Yes,IwouldD.Yes,Iwould2.2.ItIt lltakeatleast2hourstodothis!lltakeatleast2hourstodothis!Oh,_!Icoulddoitin30minutes.Oh,_!Icoulddoitin30minutes.(NMET(NMET，上海，上海，上海，上海 39)39)A.comeonA.comeonB.pardonmeB.pardonmeC.yourarerightC.yourarerightD.donD.don tmentionittmentionit第49页高考真题高考真题3.3.Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?_Apictureisworthathousandwords.Apictureisworthathousandwords.（NMETNMET，江苏，江苏，江苏，江苏，2424）A.Noway.A.Noway.B.Whynot?B.Whynot?C.Allright?C.Allright?D.Nomatter.D.Nomatter.4.When_help,oneoftensays4.When_help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.Thankyou.”oror“It It skindofyou.skindofyou.”(NMET(NMET，福建，福建，福建，福建，3333)A.offeringA.offeringB.toofferB.toofferC.tobeofferedC.tobeofferedD.offeredD.offered第50页高考真题高考真题5.5.WhydidnWhydidn tyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?tyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?Iplanedto,butIwasIplanedto,butIwas50_.50_.（NMETNMET，福建，福建，福建，福建，3434）A.fewerA.fewerB.lessB.lessC.cheapC.cheapD.shortD.short6.6.WouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookWouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittlesonatyournewgarden?Mylittleson scuriousaboutthosescuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.rosesyougrow.”_.You_.You rewelcome.rewelcome.(NMET(NMET，湖北，湖北，湖北，湖北，2525)A.Yes,IdoA.Yes,IdoB.NevermindB.NevermindC.Yes,pleaseC.Yes,pleaseD.NotatallD.Notatall第51页高考真题高考真题7.Tom:Mike,ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthis7.Tom:Mike,ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthisweekend.Iweekend.I msurewewillwin.msurewewillwin.Mike:_!Mike:_!（NMETNMET，广东，广东，广东，广东，2121）A.CongratulationsA.CongratulationsB.CheersB.CheersC.BestwishesC.BestwishesD.GoodluckD.Goodluck8.Tara:ThisisTaraPatelfromcottonHousein8.Tara:ThisisTaraPatelfromcottonHouseinKidderminster.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?Kidderminster.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?Smith:_Smith:_(NMET(NMET，广东，广东，广东，广东，2222）A.Hello!A.He