英语常用不规则动词表.docx

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英语常用不规则动词正版完整版一、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有： 1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned 2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married 二、不规则动词变化，大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法： 1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew 5. 具有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt 6. 具有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 1.AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 bet bet bet betting 赌 broadcast broadcast broadcast ~ 广播.播放.播送 burst burst burst ~ 爆炸.忽然发作 cast cast cast 抛 cost cost cost ~ 花费 cut cut cut cutting 割，切 forecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecasted 预测，预报 hurt hurt hurt ~ 受伤 hit hit hit hitting 打，撞 let let let letting 让 put put put putting 放下 read read read ~ 读 rid rid rid ridding 使摆脱.使去掉 saw sawed sawed / sawn ~ 锯 set set set setting 安排，安顿 spread spread spread ~ 展开，传播，涂 spit spat spat spitting 吐痰, shut shut shut shutting 关上.停止营业 split split split splitting 使分裂（成不同的派别），分开，分担，分摊 spread spread spread 传播，扩散，展开，散布 quit quit / quitted quit / quitted 放弃 2.AAB 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 beat beat beaten ~ 打败 3.ABA 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 become became become becoming 变 come came come coming 来 run ran run running 跑 overcome overcame overcome overcoming 克服.战胜.征服 4.ABB （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned ~ 燃烧 baby-sit baby-sat baby-sat 临时照顾 deal dealt dealt ~ 解决.解决.分派 dream reamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt ~ 做梦 hear heard heard ~ 听见.听说 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung ~ 绞死，悬挂 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt ~ 学习 light lit/lighted lit/lighted ~ 点燃, 照亮 lit 多用作动词，表达过去或完毕。例：He lit the candle. lighted 多用于作定语。即以过去分词表被动或表状态。例：a lighted candle may might / ~ 可以 mean meant meant ~ 意思.意味.用意 prove proved proven/proved proving 证明, 证实，实验 shave shaved shaved shaving 剃（须发），（尤指）刮脸，（少量地）削减 shine shone shone shining 使发光 shined shined 擦亮 show showed showed/shown ~ 展示, 给...看 smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt ~ 闻, 嗅 speed sped sped ~ 加速 spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt ~ 拼写 sow sowed sown / sowed ~ 种植 wake woke woken waking 醒来，叫醒, 激发 will willed willed willing vt 决心要; 将（财产等）遗赠某人; 用意志力驱使（某事发生）; vi 乐意，希望，想要; would / 可以（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 build built built ~ 建筑 bend bent bent ~ 弯曲.屈服 lend lent lent ~ 借给 rebuild rebuilt rebuilt ~ 改建, 重建 send sent sent ~ 送 spend spent spent ~ 花费（3）原形→ought →ought 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 bring brought brought ~ 带来 buy bought bought ~ 买 fight fought fought ~ 打架.战斗 think thought thought ~ 思考,想 seek sought sought ~ 寻找.追求.搜索（4）原形→aught →aught 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 catch caught caught ~ 捉,抓 teach taught taught ~ 教.专家（5）变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 dig dug dug digging 挖掘.钻研.搜集 feed fed fed ~ 喂养.饲养 flee fled fled ~ 逃避.逃跑.消失 find found found ~ 发现，找到 get got got/gotten getting 得到 hold held held ~ 拥有.握住 lead led led ~ 引导,领导 meet met met ~ 碰见 sit sat sat sitting 坐 shoot shot shot ~ 射击 spit spat spat spitting 吐痰, stick stuck stuck ~ 刺入,粘住 strike struck struck/stricken striking 撞击.冲击.罢工 swing swung swung ~ 摇摆，纵身跃向，荡向，悬吊到 win won won winning 赢.获胜（6）原形→lt/pt/ft→lt/pt/ft 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 feel felt felt ~ 感到 keep kept kept ~ 保持 leave left left leaving 离开 sleep slept slept ~ 睡觉 sweep swept swept ~ 扫 weep wept wept ~ 哭泣.流泪.哀悼（7）其它动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 lay laid laid ~ 下蛋, 放置 pay paid paid ~ 付款 say said said ~ 说.讲.表达 stand stood stood ~ 站 understand understood understood ~ 明白 misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood ~ 误解，误会 lose lost lost losing 失去 Have/has had had having 有.持有.从事 make made made making 制造.安排.构成 sell sold sold ~ 卖 tell told told ~ 告诉 retell retold retold ~ 反复.复述 wind wound wound ~ 缠绕.转动.迂回 5.ABC （1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 arise arose arisen arising 出现 awake awoke awoken awaking 唤醒,唤起,被唤起 blow blew blown ~ 吹风.喘气.叫 drive drove driven driving 驾驶 draw drew drawn ~ 画画.绘制.拖拽 eat ate eaten ~ 吃 fall fell fallen ~ 落下.跌倒 forbid forbade forbidden forbidding 严禁.不许 foresee foresaw foreseen ~ 预见，预知，预料 forgive forgave forgiven forgiving 原谅, 饶恕 give gave given giving 给.提供.授予 grow grew grown ~ 生长.种植 know knew known ~ 知道 mistake mistook mistaken mistaking 弄错; 误解, overeat overate overeaten ~ (使)吃过量 take took taken taking 拿.获得.接受 throw threw thrown ~ 抛.扔.掷 rise rose risen rising 上升 ride rode ridden riding 骑.乘车 see saw seen ~ 看见.了解、领略 sew sewed sewn /sewed ~ 缝制.缝合 show showed showed/shown ~ 展示.出示.说明 shake shook shaken shaking 摇动.震动 spring sprang sprung sprang sprung 跳，跃，蹦，忽然剧烈地移动 write wrote written writing 写 rewrite rewrote rewritten writing 重写，改写（2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 break broke broken ~ 打破.打坏 choose chose chosen choosing 选择 get got got/gotten getting 得到 hide hid hidden hiding 隐藏 forget forgot forgotten forgetting 忘掉.忽略 freeze froze frozen freezing 冷冻.结冰 speak spoke spoken ~ 说话.谈话.演讲 steal stole stolen ~ 偷窃.窃取.偷盗（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）[i→a →u] 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 begin began begun beginning 开始 drink drank drunk ~ 喝 sing sang sung ~ 唱 sink sank sunk ~ 下沉, 淹没 swim swam swum swimming 游泳 ring rang rung ~ 戒指.环围住（4）其它动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 be(am,is,are) was/ were been ~ 是 can could / 能 bear bore borne ~ 承担, 忍受 dive dived/dove dived diving 猛冲，(头朝下)跳入水中 do did done ~ 做 undo undid undone ~ 解开，取消，打开，拆开 fly flew flown ~ 飞行 go went gone ~ 去 lie lay lain lying 躺.位于（说谎） must must / / 必须 shall should / / 将，要，会，就 picnic picnicked picnicked picnicking 野餐 wear wore worn ~ 穿 bite bit bitten biting 咬.刺痛 tear tore torn ~ 流泪.撕破.猛冲注：“~”表达在动词原形后直接加ing

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