名词性从句讲解思维导图附练习题高中英语语法三大从句语法讲解与练习.doc

名词性从句讲解 思维导图（附练习题）定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句. 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。 从属连词that; whether; if (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分） 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which,等. 在从句 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。 连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever等 在从句中做状语成分。 1.分类 引导名词性从句的连接词 2. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么” I know what he is talking about. (从句中缺宾语,指物) Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人) Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语) Im sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺) I dont know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语) 定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school. 注意: it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is universally acknowledged that./ It is known thatIt + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge/ a fact that 是常识/事实It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It happens that碰巧. / It occurs to sb.that 突然想起 主语从句 It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 强调句： It is in the morning that the murder took place. (去掉该结构后,句子成分完整) 主语从句：It was a pity that you shouldnt go to see the film. （在句子中作主语成分）whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别 Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 anything that Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong.ever whoever 是who的强调形式，表示无论谁 相当于anyone who. Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. whichever 无论哪个;无论哪些,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of 连用 Whichever book you borrow doesnt matter to us. Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to others. 定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句We can learn what we didnt know.We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day. 某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语 从句 I am glad that you can come and help me. 注意： wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。 I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. Id rather you had been there yesterday 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, should可以省略 His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor. He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free. 宾语从句 注意it作形式宾语的结构 We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson. I took it for granted that they were not coming. that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介 词后面需用it作形式宾语 He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London. You can depend on it that he will help you in time of emergency. 定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。 表语从句 The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能用why引导. The reason is that（because ) The reason why we didnt trust him is that he has often lied. (该句型中why引导一个定语从句) 定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact, news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等 同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中that 和whether只起引导作用同位语从句 其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。 The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has cheered all of us. The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion. ( why 引导同位语从句解 释说明中心语question的内容；且why在从句中作状语) 注意： 只起引导作用时，连接词用that而不用which Where did you get the idea that she could not come. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 就看that在作引导的从句中是否 做句子成分 The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important. （that 引导定语) The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good. (that引导同位语从句)在名词性从句当中只能用wh, 在引导让步状语从句两者可以互换. No matter+wh 与wh+ever区别 He will believe whatever others say. (划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换) Whatever others say, he will believe it. (划线部分为状语从句，可以互换) Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. (不可互换) 原则：能用if的情况，都能用whether表“是否” 在表语, 同位语，主语(置于句首时)从句时只用 whether表“是否” The question is whether the film is worth seeing. （表语从句） I have no idea whether we should go to the party. （同位语从句）Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. (主语从句 句首) It is doubtful whether / if he will come here. 一些重要知识 (主语从句，句末时可互换) 形容词；介词；discuss后的宾语从句中只用whether表“是否” Whether / if区别 It depends on whether you can do the work well. (介词宾语) The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday. I am not sure whether he will come here or not. (形容词的宾语) whether与or或 or not 的搭配 Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job. I dont care whether or not he comes.名词性从句提升练习主语从句一、单项选择题1. _ he learns English well is of great importance to his future life.A. What B. If C. Who D. That2. _ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. A. That B. Which C. Who D. What 3. _they will go next month has not been decided yet. A. Where B. If C.That D. Why 4. _ you say now cant make up for（补偿） what youve done. A. No matter what B. Whatever C. However D. That5. Although _ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world. A. which B. what C. how D. it6. _ is troubling me is that I dont have much experience in international commerce. A. It B. That C. Which D. What7. I am sure that _ she said is wrong. A. which B. all C. this D. what8. We lost our way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that it was getting dark. A. that B. which C. it D. what9. _ or not is still uncertain. A. Hes coming B. If he is coming C. That coming D. Whether hes coming10. _ is known to all that the earth moves around the sun. A. It B. WhatC. That D. As 11. Its doubtful _ hell be able to come. A. if B. whatC. that D. whether 12. _ he saw surprised him. A. That B. When C. What D. Which13. _ is money. A. What does he need B. Why does he need C. What he needs D. Why he needs14. _ is a pity that he should feel so upset. A. What B. That C. He D. It15. _ book you borrow must be returned within a week. A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. Thats宾语从句一、选择题：1. Its so dark. I cant find out _ its a boy _ a girl.A. if, and B. that, and C. that; or D. whether, or2. Call you tell me why _ this morning?A. you didnt come B. did you not come C. didnt you come D. you dont come3. He said that they _ Yunnan. A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to4. Do you know what _ this time yesterday?A. they are doing B. are they doing C. they were doing D. were they doing5. He wanted to know how long _ in hospital.A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay6. They will be thankful for _ you have done. A. what B. that C. which D. who7. He said that light _ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling8. Do you know _ ?A. is it whose pen B. whose pen is it C. whose pen it is D. it is whose pen9. I hear _ the teacher will come back from the UK soon.A. which B. that C. when D. whether10. Can you tell me _ language she speaks?A. which B. what C. that D. whether11. I dont understand _ you said.A. when B. that C. where D. what12. Do you know _ made him angry last time?A. when B. that C. where D. what13. She has made it clear _ she will have nothing to do with him. A. what B. which C. whether D. that14. I wondered _ they had been to America. A. if B. what C. who D. that15. I am sure _ you said is true.A. what B. that C. which D. who16. Do you know _ she will go to the cinema with us?A. if B. where C. who D. which17. Who knows _ dictionary it is?A. whos B. whose C. whom D. who18. I cant remember _ I sent the book to.A. that B. which C. where D. whom19. - I dont know if he _ . - He will come if it _ .A. comes, wont rain B. will come, doesnt rain C. comes, doesnt D. will come, wont rain20. We wanted to know _ the answer was fight or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. what表语从句1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of Ted.A. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick! -I think it is _ you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasnt come is _.A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here. - That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C. that D. why13 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . Is that_ you had a few days off？A. why B .what C. when D. where14 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how15. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. what16. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited名词性从句综合练习一、that/what的区别1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such二、 综合选择题1._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; th